Mainstreaming

DIFINITIONS OF MAINSTREAMING

Multi-sectoral responseJoint effortsOwnership

Internal and external

mainstreaming• Development of a workplace policy

• Training of staff within the office/workplace

• Provision of services related to prevention, care and treatment for staff members

InternalMainstreaming

WHY INTERNAL MAINSTREAMING ?

Depletion of workforce Decreasing productivity Roots of stigma & DiscriminationWHAT TO DO ?

• Departmental ownership : in-house advocacy, continuity and constant follow up action

• Analysis : Assessment of factors that put workers at risk.

• Workplace policy: Addresses staff needs for information,awareness, access to services, provides social dialogue.

Impact on Institutional strength

WHY EXTERNAL MAINSTREAMING ?It refers to integration/incorporation of HIV/AIDS into the policy and programme of the department without compromising its core business.What to do ? * Identification of entry points and

incorporate into the ongoing work of the department

* Inclusion of HIV/AIDS issues into the policy and programme of the department Ministry on sustainable basisExternal

mainstreaming

Why mainstreaming?

HIV/AIDS is not merely an health issue The risk factors for HIV are related to wider socio-

economic factors, such as poverty, illiteracy, migration,

gender discrimination, urbanisation, etc ) which are beyond health system

Since only 0.3 % people are infected , separate health infrastructure creation is costly for the country,

Since there is no cure, prevention is most important Mainstreaming is important to reach large

population (99.7 %) who are uninfected

What do you need to ask?

How does HIV/AIDS affect your organization and your work?

Do the policies / norms / guidelines of the department focus on inclusion of interest of HRG/PLHIV. They should not discriminate

How can you contribute to fighting HIV/AIDS by limiting the spread and mitigating the impact of the epidemic?

Why everyone should know about HIV/AIDS

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Because HIV/AIDS can happen to anyone in your communitycan happen to anyone in your place of workcan happen to anyone in your neighborhood can happen to anyone in your family can happen to you

Internal Mainstreaming

◦ Development of a policy at your workplace for prevention and care of HIV/AIDS

◦ Training of all staff within the office/ workplace◦ Provision of services related to prevention, care and

treatment for staff members.◦ Analysing how are your polices/ programmes and

schemes reaching PLHIV/HRGs◦ Identification of nodal officer to sustain the effort

External Mainstreaming

◦ Expanding the prevention, care and treatment facilities beyond staff members to contractual workers/vendors and community at field sites

◦ training and sensitization of the outreach workers/staff of the department/ to reach larger community

◦ identification of entry points where HIV could be mainstreamed into the ongoing work of the organisation

◦ inclusion of HIV in the detailed programme planning and implementation of the ministry/department

Department of Health and Family Welfare

 Possible activities

◦ Capacity building of health care providers to ensure that there is no stigma

◦ Sensitize all health care providers on HIV/AIDS issues.◦ Ensure universal coverage of PEP Social marketing of

gloves to all health care providers. Review the effectiveness of supply chain

◦ Policy guidelines to direct private sector health care organizations to provide services for PLWHA without stigma and discrimination.

◦ Capacity building of Infection control committee of every hospital.

◦ Institutionalize awards for best practices adopted by public / private hospitals on HIV/AIDS.

Department of Education

Why ?Youth and adolescents highly vulnerableGrowing instances of stigma and discrimination in

schools What can be done at managerial level? Sensitisation and skill building of teachers and

principles for HIV awareness and stigma reductionInclude HIV/AIDS in the State / district level

Teachers Training Centres. Include HIV/AIDS in School management manuals

for SSA/RMSA ( Sarva Siksha Abhiyan/ Rashtriya Madhymik Shiksha Abhiyan)

What can be done at institutional level

Possible activitiesIncorporate School AIDS Education & Life Skills

programmes in all schools & colleges.Facilitate incorporation of HIV Prevention

programmes in all Non Formal Education Programmes

Specialized educational courses/ diplomas/ degrees in universities and other institutions of higher education

Streamline admission procedures for CSW, PLWHA children, or orphans affected by HIV/AIDS

Department of Women and Child

 Why?40% of infections are in women including

monogamous womenGrowing feminization of HIV/AIDS : rate of infections

among women rising faster than among men Violence against women is quite prevalent Trafficked women are at high risk

Strategic strengthsExisting progs. of the Department make integration

easy and cost effectiveExisting women’s groups like self help groups/ mahila

samakhya offer good entry points 

Department of Women and Child

Possible activities◦ Incorporate HIV/AIDS in all Women & Child

Development training progs.◦ Integrate HIV/AIDS in the ICDS – trainings for CDPOs,

Supervisors, AWWs◦ integrate HIV into anti trafficking initiatives◦ Scale up shelter & rehabilitation homes and essential

services for women and children affected and infected by HIV/AIDS

◦ Special focus on destitute & Orphan/Vulnerable Children

◦ Step up nutrition support for PLHA with focus on Orphan/ Vulnerable Children.

Department of Rural Development

Why? Poverty and distress rural-urban migration - one of the

key underlying causes of vulnerability to HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS prevalence in rural areas fast increasing The culture of silence is more prominent in rural

areas. Weak infrastructure and difficult access Greater stigma and discrimination due to lack of

awareness and close social networksStrategic strengths Wide outreach of rural development progs specially BPL integrating HIV within existing infrastructure Department officials at the community level have trust of

communities as they help generate livelihoods and fight poverty

Department of Rural Development

Possible activitiesLarge scale coverage of rural populations through

integration within Women Self Help Groups Watershed Committees Employment Guarantee Programmes

Incorporate HIV/AIDS in all the Rural Development training programmes.

Capacity strengthening of SIRDs in HIV/AIDS to train PRIs on an ongoing basis

Implementation of development schemes Economic support to PLHA and vulnerable populations on priority.

Review poverty alleviation progs and strengthen activities in highly vulnerable districts

Ministry of Panchayati Raj17

Train all PRIs by integrating HIV module in training programmes .

Issue guidelines/ directives to protect PLHIVs and affected households against stigma & discrimination

protect the inheritance of widows and orphans.Facilitate linkages to income generation activities,

nutrition programme, housing and welfare schemes to support HIV infected and affected persons on priority

basis under special groups specially widows and orphans.

Advise Panchayats to discuss HIV related issues relevant to the village in Gram Sabhas and other meetings.

Display HIV prevention messages at Panchayat Ghars

Department of surface transport

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travel support to PLHIV for visiting ART centres/ health centres for treatment

Issue directives to facilitate HIV/AIDS messages on bus panels / bus shelters

Support unions to manage HIV prevention services at truckers halting points

Provide counseling and testing for STI/HIV/AIDS to helpers and bus drivers and other related workers

Provide HIV prevention messages and condoms/ condom vending machines at halting centres .

Department of Home Affairs

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Include HIV/ AIDS in the training institutions / programmes of all police personnel

Sensitize them to specific vulnerabilities of High risk groups and victims of trafficking

Provide comprehensive HIV/AIDS services relating to prevention, care , support and treatment at health facilities meant for police personnel and their families

Sensitize jail officials/ inmates on HIV vulnerabilities

Link with nearest ICTC for provision of counselling and testing to inmates

Department of Social welfare

Include PLHIV under National Social Assistance programme on priority

Consider financial support to all women living with HIV, irrespective of age/ marital status

Consider financial assistance for all PLHIV ( eg Orissa, Delhi, Goa , Gujarat, Maharashtra etc)

Department of Labour and employment

Why ? large number of HRG and vulnerable population

in the informal employment Migrants , illiteracy , unsafe shelter conditions

etc What can be done? Advocacy with HR system of PSUs, Private, Corporate for workplace policy Include HIV/AIDS in their workers training

system Include HIV/AIDS in their health services

Department of Tourism

Why- Tourists are more vulnerable to HIV . They may indulge in High risk behaviour and also become victim of high risk behaviour due to lack of information.

What can be done ? Sensitise Hotel owners, tour guides and

taxi drivers about the risk and vulnerable factors of HIV

Include HIV/AIDS in the training curricula of hotel management institutions

Railways

Why ? Most of the hotspots are located near

railways stations. Lot of vulnerable populations thrives near

railway stations through petty jobs. What can be done ?Permission to allow information booth/

hoarding on or around stationsRailways announcementsInclusion of contractual staff under health

services

Department of Tribal affairs

Why – High vulnerability due to lack of awareness and health facilities

What can be done Expansion of ICTC services to health facilities

in tribal areas , through building capacity of their service providers

Inclusion of counselling and testing service in Mobile medical units

Planning outdoor and mid media activities in tribal areas

Including HIV/AIDS in the tribal sub plans

Department of Minor ports / inland water

Why? Vulnerability due to migration, and large

number of truckers and transport worker etc What can be done? IEC near port areas Inclusion of STI/HIV/AIDS in the health

services provision of counselling and testing at

resting places, halt areas. Sensitisation and Capacity building of health

service providers