magino gold project · prodigy gold incorporated magino gold project environmental impact statement...

Magino Gold Project

MAGINO GOLD PROJECT Finan Township, Algoma District, Ontario

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS

Submitted to: Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Wawa - District Office 48 Mission Rd Hwy 101 PO Box 1160 Wawa ON P0S 1K0 Tel: 705-856-2396 Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency Ontario Region 55 St. Clair Avenue East, Room 907 Toronto, Ontario M4T 1M2 Telephone: 416-952-1576 CEAA Reference Number: 80044 June, 2017

Prodigy Gold Incorporated Magino Gold Project Environmental Impact Statement

Table of Contents Page i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION, PURPOSE AND NEED ........................................................ 1.1

1.1 The Project Proponent and Contact Information ..................................... 1.1

1.2 Development, Operation, and Management of the Project ..................... 1.3

1.3 Project Purpose, Need, and Justification ................................................ 1.6

1.3.1 The Mining Industry in Canada and Ontario .......................... 1.6

1.3.2 Purpose of the Project ........................................................... 1.7

1.4 Project Location ...................................................................................... 1.7

1.4.1 Legal Description of Land Holdings ....................................... 1.7

1.5 Project Phases and Schedule ................................................................. 1.9

1.6 Applicable Environmental Assessment Legislation ............................... 1.11

1.6.1 Canada ................................................................................ 1.11

1.6.1.1 Canadian Environmental Assessment Act (CEAA) 2012 ........................................................... 1.12

1.6.2 Ontario ................................................................................. 1.12

1.6.2.1 Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry MNRF Class EA for Resource Stewardship and Facility Development Projects .................................. 1.13

1.7 Other Permits, Approvals, and Authorizations ...................................... 1.14

1.8 Aboriginal and Treaty Rights ................................................................. 1.20

1.9 Report Organization .............................................................................. 1.21

1.9.1 Technical Support Documents ............................................. 1.23

1.10 References ........................................................................................... 1.25

2.0 APPROACH TO THE PREPARATION OF THE EIS ........................................ 2.1

2.1 Environmental Assessment as a Planning and Design Tool ................... 2.1

2.2 Aboriginal Engagement and Public Consultation .................................... 2.4

2.2.1 Aboriginal Engagement ......................................................... 2.4

2.2.1.1 Introduction ................................................................ 2.4

2.2.1.2 Aboriginal Engagement Requirements....................... 2.5

2.2.2 Public Consultation ................................................................ 2.6

2.2.2.1 Introduction ................................................................ 2.6

2.2.2.2 Public Consultation Requirements ............................. 2.6

2.3 Government Agency Consultation .......................................................... 2.7

2.3.1 Introduction ............................................................................ 2.7


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2.3.2 Agencies Consulted ............................................................... 2.7

2.4 Environmental Assessment Framework .................................................. 2.7

2.4.1 Environmental Components and Valued Components .......... 2.8

2.4.2 Temporal and Spatial Boundaries.......................................... 2.9

2.4.3 Project Alternatives and Evaluation Criteria ........................... 2.9

2.4.4 Project Components, Works, and Activities ......................... 2.10

2.4.5 Significance Assessment Criteria and Effects Levels .......... 2.10

2.4.6 Summary of the EA Framework ........................................... 2.11

2.5 Use of Information ................................................................................ 2.15

2.5.1 Existing Information ............................................................. 2.15

2.5.2 Field Investigations and Scientific Studies ........................... 2.15

2.5.3 Aboriginal Traditional Knowledge ........................................ 2.15

2.5.4 Confidential Information ....................................................... 2.16

2.6 References ........................................................................................... 2.17

3.0 PROJECT SETTING AND CONTEXT .............................................................. 3.1

3.1 History and Status of the Magino Property and Surrounding Area ......... 3.1

3.2 Nature of the Deposit .............................................................................. 3.4

3.3 Project Setting ........................................................................................ 3.7

3.3.1 Atmospheric Environment ...................................................... 3.7

3.3.2 Physical Environment ............................................................ 3.8

3.3.3 Biological Environment .......................................................... 3.8

3.3.4 Social Environment .............................................................. 3.10

3.3.5 Economic Environment ........................................................ 3.11

3.3.6 Aboriginal Interests .............................................................. 3.12

3.4 References ........................................................................................... 3.15

4.0 EXISTING CONDITIONS .................................................................................. 4.1

I. Introduction ............................................................................................. 4.1

II. Preamble ................................................................................................ 4.1

III. IRC-7 Response ..................................................................................... 4.2

1. Introduction ............................................................................ 4.2

IV. IRC 8 Response ................................................................................... 4.13

1. Introduction .......................................................................... 4.13


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2. Sampling Approach ............................................................. 4.13

2.1 Aquatic Habitat Characterization ............................................ 4.13

2.2 Fish Habitat Characterization .................................................. 4.14

2.3 Electrofishing Raft .................................................................. 4.15

2.4 Backpack Electrofishing .......................................................... 4.15

2.5 Gill Netting .............................................................................. 4.16

3. Figures ................................................................................. 4.16

4.1 Atmospheric Environment ..................................................................... 4.38

4.1.1 Spatial Boundaries............................................................... 4.38

4.1.2 Field Investigations and Analytical Methods ........................ 4.41

4.1.3 Climate ................................................................................ 4.53

4.1.3.1 Description of Existing Conditions ............................ 4.53

4.1.3.1.1 Precipitation ........................................ 4.53

4.1.3.1.2 Temperature ....................................... 4.54

4.1.4 Meteorology ......................................................................... 4.55

4.1.4.1 Wind ........................................................................ 4.55

4.1.4.2 Temperature ............................................................ 4.57

4.1.4.3 Precipitation ............................................................. 4.57

4.1.5 Air Quality ............................................................................ 4.58

4.1.6 Noise ................................................................................... 4.59

4.1.7 Light ..................................................................................... 4.59

4.1.7.1 Light Trespass ......................................................... 4.60

4.1.7.2 Sky Glow ................................................................. 4.60

4.1.8 Vibration .............................................................................. 4.60

4.1.9 Greenhouse Gases .............................................................. 4.61

4.1.9.1 Description of Existing Conditions ............................ 4.61

4.2 Physical Environment ........................................................................... 4.61

4.2.1 Spatial Boundaries............................................................... 4.61

4.2.2 Field Investigations and Analytical Methods ........................ 4.64

4.2.3 Terrain and Topography ...................................................... 4.70

4.2.4 Quaternary Geology ............................................................ 4.72

4.2.4.1 Regional and Local Study Areas .............................. 4.72

4.2.4.1.1 Surficial Geology and Soils ................. 4.72

4.2.4.2 Project Study Area ................................................... 4.72

4.2.4.2.1 Surficial Geology and Soils ................. 4.72


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4.2.4.2.2 Analytical Testing Results for PSA Soils .................................................... 4.77

4.2.4.2.3 Analytical Testing Results for Historic Area Soils ............................... 4.80

4.2.4.2.4 Hydraulic Conductivity ........................ 4.81

4.2.5 Bedrock Geology ................................................................. 4.81

4.2.5.1 Regional and Local Study Areas .............................. 4.81

4.2.5.1.1 Bedrock Geology and Structure .......... 4.81


4.2.5.2.1 Bedrock Geology and Structure .......... 4.83

4.2.5.2.2 Hydraulic Conductivity ........................ 4.85

4.2.6 Geochemistry ...................................................................... 4.89


4.2.6.1.1 Static ABA Results .............................. 4.91

4.2.6.1.2 Whole Rock Metals Analyses .............. 4.93

4.2.6.1.3 Metal Leaching Potential ..................... 4.93

4.2.6.1.4 Humidity Cell Analysis ........................ 4.95

4.2.6.1.5 Field Cell Testing ................................ 4.96

4.2.6.1.6 Ore and Tailings Characterization ..... 4.100

4.2.6.2 Other Information Relevant to the Potential for ARD ....................................................................... 4.101

4.2.6.3 Pending Results and Future Study ........................ 4.102

4.2.7 Groundwater ...................................................................... 4.103

4.2.7.1 Project Study Area ................................................. 4.103

4.2.7.1.1 Groundwater Levels and Flow........... 4.103

4.2.7.1.2 Groundwater Quality ......................... 4.108

4.2.8 Surface Water Hydrology ................................................... 4.111

4.2.8.1 Regional, Local and Project Study Areas ............... 4.111

4.2.8.1.1 Runoff ............................................... 4.111

4.2.8.1.2 Stream Flows .................................... 4.113

4.2.8.1.3 Lake Water Levels ............................ 4.117

4.2.9 Surface Water Quality ........................................................ 4.120

4.2.9.1 Regional Study Area .............................................. 4.122

4.2.9.1.1 Dreany Lake ..................................... 4.122

4.2.9.1.2 Mountain Lake .................................. 4.123

4.2.9.1.3 Herman Creek, Goudreau Creek and McVeigh Creek .......................... 4.123


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4.2.9.2 Local Study Area and Project Study Area .............. 4.124

4.2.9.2.1 Herman-Otto Subwatershed ............. 4.124

4.2.9.2.2 Spring-Lovell Subwatershed ............. 4.124

4.2.9.2.3 Webb-Goudreau Subwatershed ........ 4.125

4.2.9.2.4 Summary .......................................... 4.126

4.2.10 Stream and Lake Sediments ............................................. 4.128


4.2.10.2 Local Study Area and Project Study Area .............. 4.129

4.2.10.2.1 Herman-Otto Subwatershed ............. 4.129

4.2.10.2.2 Spring-Lovell Subwatershed ............. 4.130


4.2.10.3 Summary ............................................................... 4.132

4.3 Biological Environment ....................................................................... 4.134

4.3.1 Spatial Boundaries............................................................. 4.134

4.3.2 Field Investigations and Analytical Methods ...................... 4.135

4.3.3 Natural Heritage Features ................................................. 4.140

4.3.4 Fish and Fish Habitat ......................................................... 4.143


4.3.4.1.1 Mountain Lake .................................. 4.143

4.3.4.1.2 Dreany Lake ..................................... 4.144

4.3.4.2 Local Study Area ................................................... 4.145

4.3.4.2.1 Herman-Otto Watershed ................... 4.147

4.3.4.2.2 Spring-Lovell Watershed ................... 4.148

4.3.4.2.3 Surface Water and Sediment Quality .............................................. 4.150

4.3.4.2.4 Web-Goudreau Watershed ............... 4.151

Surface Water and Sediment Quality ..................... 4.151


4.3.4.3.1 Herman-Otto Watershed ................... 4.155

4.3.4.3.2 Spring-Lovell Watershed ................... 4.169

4.3.4.3.3 Webb-Goudreau Watershed ............. 4.192

4.3.5 Terrestrial Vegetation ........................................................ 4.200


4.3.5.2 Local Study Area ................................................... 4.202

4.3.5.2.1 Herman−Otto Subwatershed ............. 4.202



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4.3.5.4 Plants of Special Interest to Indigenous Communities .......................................................... 4.210

4.3.6 Wetlands ............................................................................ 4.212


4.3.6.2 Local Study Area ................................................... 4.213

4.3.6.2.1 Herman−Otto Watershed .................. 4.213

4.3.6.2.2 Spring–Lovell Watershed .................. 4.215


4.3.7 Significant Wildlife Habitat ................................................. 4.221


4.3.7.2 Local Study Area ................................................... 4.223


4.3.8 Migratory and Breeding Birds ............................................ 4.228


4.3.8.1.1 Raptors ............................................. 4.228

4.3.8.1.2 Passerines and Other Upland Nesting Birds ..................................... 4.229

4.3.8.1.3 Marsh Birds ....................................... 4.229

4.3.8.1.4 Waterfowl .......................................... 4.230

4.3.8.2 Local Study Area ................................................... 4.231

4.3.8.2.1 Herman−Otto Subwatershed ............. 4.231

4.3.8.2.2 Spring–Lovell Subwatershed ............ 4.232



4.3.9 Mammals ........................................................................... 4.237


4.3.9.1.1 Beaver .............................................. 4.237

4.3.9.1.2 Moose ............................................... 4.238

4.3.9.1.3 Black Bear ........................................ 4.238

4.3.9.1.4 Marten .............................................. 4.239

4.3.9.1.5 Red Fox ............................................ 4.240

4.3.9.1.6 Wolf .................................................. 4.240

4.3.9.1.7 Lynx .................................................. 4.240

4.3.9.1.8 Red Squirrel ...................................... 4.240

4.3.9.1.9 Snowshoe Hare ................................ 4.240

4.3.9.1.10 Star-nosed Mole................................ 4.241

4.3.9.1.11 Bats .................................................. 4.241


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4.3.9.2 Local Study Area ................................................... 4.242

4.3.9.2.1 Herman − Otto Subwatershed ........... 4.242

4.3.9.2.2 Spring – Lovell Subwatershed........... 4.242



4.3.10 Species at Risk .................................................................. 4.246


4.3.10.1.1 Whip-Poor-Will .................................. 4.246

4.3.10.1.2 Common Nighthawk .......................... 4.247

4.3.10.1.3 Olive-sided Flycatcher ...................... 4.247

4.3.10.1.4 Bald Eagle ........................................ 4.247

4.3.10.1.5 Canada Warbler ................................ 4.248

4.3.10.1.6 Chimney Swift ................................... 4.248

4.3.10.1.7 Northern Long-Eared Bat .................. 4.248

4.3.10.1.8 Little Brown Bat ................................. 4.248

4.3.10.2 Local Study Area ................................................... 4.249

4.3.10.2.1 Herman − Otto Subwatershed ........... 4.249

4.3.10.2.2 Spring – Lovell Subwatershed........... 4.249



4.4 Social Environment ............................................................................. 4.252


4.4.2 Field Investigations and Methods ...................................... 4.257

4.4.3 Overview of Communities/Context ..................................... 4.257

4.4.3.1 Dubreuilville ........................................................... 4.258

4.4.3.2 Wawa .................................................................... 4.259

4.4.3.3 White River ............................................................ 4.260

4.4.3.4 Hawk Junction ....................................................... 4.260

4.4.3.5 Goudreau .............................................................. 4.261

4.4.3.6 Lochalsh ................................................................ 4.261

4.4.4 Population and Demographics ........................................... 4.261

4.4.4.1 Population Levels and Mobility............................... 4.261

4.4.4.1.1 Population Levels.............................. 4.261

4.4.4.1.2 Mobility ............................................. 4.265

4.4.4.2 Population Demographics ...................................... 4.268

4.4.4.2.1 Age Structure .................................... 4.268


Table of Contents Page viii

4.4.4.2.2 Median Age ....................................... 4.271

4.4.4.2.3 Language .......................................... 4.271

4.4.4.2.4 Aboriginal Identity ............................. 4.273

4.4.5 Community Vitality ............................................................. 4.274

4.4.5.1 Recreation and Leisure .......................................... 4.274

4.4.5.1.1 Dubreuilville ...................................... 4.275

4.4.5.2 Community Character ............................................ 4.277

4.4.5.2.1 Dubreuilville ...................................... 4.277

4.4.5.2.2 Wawa ................................................ 4.277

4.4.5.2.3 White River ....................................... 4.277

4.4.5.3 Community Facilities and Services ........................ 4.277

4.4.5.3.1 Recreational Facilities and Programs .......................................... 4.277

4.4.5.3.2 Schools ............................................. 4.279

4.4.5.3.3 Community Organizations and Events ............................................... 4.280

4.4.5.4 Health and Social Services .................................... 4.282

4.4.5.4.1 Dubreuilville ...................................... 4.282

4.4.5.5 Adult Education and Training ................................. 4.284

4.4.5.5.1 Post-Secondary Education and Training Opportunities ....................... 4.284

4.4.5.5.2 Educational Attainment ..................... 4.284

4.4.6 Infrastructure and Services ................................................ 4.286

4.4.6.1 Housing ................................................................. 4.286

4.4.6.1.1 Dubreuilville ...................................... 4.286

4.4.6.1.2 Wawa ................................................ 4.287

4.4.6.1.3 White River ....................................... 4.287

4.4.6.2 Emergency Services .............................................. 4.291

4.4.6.2.1 Police ................................................ 4.291

4.4.6.2.2 Fire ................................................... 4.291

4.4.6.2.3 Emergency Medical Services ............ 4.292

4.4.6.3 Utilities ................................................................... 4.293

4.4.6.3.1 Dubreuilville ...................................... 4.293

4.4.6.3.2 Wawa ................................................ 4.293

4.4.6.3.3 White River ....................................... 4.293

4.4.6.4 Transportation ....................................................... 4.294

4.4.6.4.1 Local Study Area............................... 4.294


Table of Contents Page ix

4.4.6.4.2 Dubreuilville ...................................... 4.294

4.4.6.4.3 Wawa ................................................ 4.294

4.4.6.4.4 White River ....................................... 4.295

4.4.6.5 Communications .................................................... 4.295

4.4.6.6 Energy Supply ....................................................... 4.296

4.4.7 Cultural Heritage ................................................................ 4.296

4.5 Economic Environment – Existing Conditions ..................................... 4.297


4.5.1.1 Regional Study Area (RSA) ................................... 4.297

4.5.1.2 Primary Communities ............................................ 4.298

4.5.1.3 Project Study Area (PSA) ...................................... 4.298

4.5.1.4 Local Study Area (LSA) - Selected Social and Economic VC/Indicators......................................... 4.298


4.5.2.1 Data Sources ......................................................... 4.302

4.5.3 Land Use and Tourism ...................................................... 4.302

4.5.3.1 Land Ownership/Tenure ........................................ 4.302

4.5.3.2 Mining .................................................................... 4.303

4.5.3.2.1 Mining in the PSA ............................. 4.303

4.5.3.2.2 Mining in the LSA .............................. 4.303

4.5.3.2.3 Mining in the Primary Communities ... 4.305

4.5.3.3 Forestry ................................................................. 4.307

4.5.3.3.1 Magpie Forest ................................... 4.307

4.5.3.3.2 Mill Operations in the Primary Communities ..................................... 4.307

4.5.3.4 Commercial Tourism and Recreation ..................... 4.308

4.5.3.5 Commercial Trapping ............................................ 4.308

4.5.3.6 Parks and Protected Areas .................................... 4.308

4.5.3.7 Other Land Uses ................................................... 4.311

4.5.4 Employment and Business Opportunities .......................... 4.311

4.5.4.1 Employment and Wage Income ............................. 4.311

4.5.4.1.1 Employment ...................................... 4.312

4.5.4.1.2 Income .............................................. 4.315

4.5.4.2 Labour Supply ....................................................... 4.316

4.5.4.2.1 Workforce by Industry ....................... 4.317

4.5.4.2.2 Workforce by Occupation .................. 4.321


Table of Contents Page x

4.5.4.2.3 Algoma/Superior East Labour Force ................................................ 4.325

4.5.4.3 Business Activity .................................................... 4.326

4.5.4.3.1 Dubreuilville ...................................... 4.326

4.5.4.3.2 Wawa ................................................ 4.327

4.5.4.3.3 White River ....................................... 4.327

4.5.4.3.4 Region .............................................. 4.328

4.5.5 Government Revenues ...................................................... 4.328

4.5.5.1 Municipal Revenues .............................................. 4.328

4.5.5.1.1 Dubreuilville ...................................... 4.328

4.5.5.1.2 Wawa ................................................ 4.328

4.5.5.1.3 White River ....................................... 4.329

4.5.5.2 Provincial Revenues .............................................. 4.329

4.6 Aboriginal Interests ............................................................................. 4.332



4.6.2.1 Census Data .......................................................... 4.335

4.6.2.2 Traditional Knowledge Studies/Traditional Land Use Studies ........................................................... 4.336

4.6.3 Aboriginal Groups .............................................................. 4.336

4.6.3.1 Michipicoten First Nation........................................ 4.336

4.6.3.1.1 Background ....................................... 4.336

4.6.3.1.2 MFN Vision and Community Planning ............................................ 4.337

4.6.3.1.3 Demographic Trends ........................ 4.339

4.6.3.2 Missanabie Cree First Nation ................................. 4.342

4.6.3.2.1 Background ....................................... 4.342

4.6.3.2.2 Vision and Community Planning ....... 4.342


4.6.3.3 Métis Nation of Ontario .......................................... 4.345

4.6.3.3.1 Background ....................................... 4.345



4.6.3.4 Batchewana First Nation ........................................ 4.346

4.6.3.4.1 Background ....................................... 4.346




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4.6.3.5 Red Sky Métis Independent Nation ........................ 4.352

4.6.3.6 Garden River First Nation ...................................... 4.352

4.6.3.6.1 Background ....................................... 4.352



4.6.3.7 Pic Mobert First Nation .......................................... 4.356



4.6.4 Aboriginal Employment and Business Opportunities ......... 4.360

4.6.4.1 Aboriginal Employment and Wage Income ............ 4.360

4.6.4.1.1 Michipicoten First Nation ................... 4.360

4.6.4.1.2 Missanabie Cree First Nation ............ 4.361

4.6.4.1.3 Métis Nation of Ontario ..................... 4.361

4.6.4.1.4 Batchewana First Nation ................... 4.361

4.6.4.1.5 Red Sky Métis Independent Nation ... 4.363

4.6.4.1.6 Garden River First Nation ................. 4.363

4.6.4.1.7 Pic Mobert First Nation...................... 4.366

4.6.4.2 Aboriginal Labour Supply ....................................... 4.368

4.6.4.2.1 Regional Labour Market .................... 4.368








4.6.4.3 Aboriginal Education and Training ......................... 4.371

4.6.4.3.1 Regional Post-Secondary Education .......................................... 4.371

4.6.4.3.2 North Algoma Literacy Coalition ........ 4.371

4.6.4.3.3 Oshki Program .................................. 4.371








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4.6.4.4 Aboriginal Business Activity (including commercial use of lands and resources) ................ 4.378








4.6.5 Traditional Use of Lands and Resources ........................... 4.382


4.6.5.1.1 Hunting ............................................. 4.383

4.6.5.1.2 Fishing .............................................. 4.383

4.6.5.1.3 Trapping ........................................... 4.383

4.6.5.1.4 Gathering .......................................... 4.383


4.6.5.2.1 Hunting ............................................. 4.384

4.6.5.2.2 Fishing .............................................. 4.384

4.6.5.2.3 Trapping ........................................... 4.385

4.6.5.2.4 Gathering .......................................... 4.385


4.6.5.3.1 Hunting ............................................. 4.387

4.6.5.3.2 Fishing .............................................. 4.387

4.6.5.3.3 Trapping ........................................... 4.388

4.6.5.3.4 Gathering .......................................... 4.388


4.6.5.4.1 Hunting ............................................. 4.389

4.6.5.4.2 Fishing .............................................. 4.389

4.6.5.4.3 Trapping ........................................... 4.389

4.6.5.4.4 Gathering .......................................... 4.390

4.6.5.5 Red Sky Métis Independent Nation ........................ 4.390


4.6.5.6.1 Hunting ............................................. 4.390


4.6.6 Aboriginal Cultural Activities and Special Places ............... 4.391

4.6.6.1.1 Aboriginal Cultural Activities .............. 4.391


Table of Contents Page xiii

4.6.6.1.2 Spiritual Sites .................................... 4.392

4.6.6.1.3 Trails and Camps .............................. 4.392



4.6.6.2.2 Spiritual Sites .................................... 4.393

4.6.6.2.3 Trails and Camps .............................. 4.394


4.6.6.3.1 Cultural Activities .............................. 4.394

4.6.6.3.2 Spiritual Sites .................................... 4.394

4.6.6.3.3 Trails and Camps .............................. 4.394



4.6.6.4.2 Spiritual Sites .................................... 4.395

4.6.6.4.3 Trails and Camps .............................. 4.396

4.6.6.5 Red Sky Metis Independent Nation ........................ 4.396





4.6.7 Archaeological Sites .......................................................... 4.397

4.6.7.1 Historical Context................................................... 4.398

4.6.4.1 Archaeological Context and Archaeological Potential ................................................................ 4.400

4.7 References ......................................................................................... 4.401

5.0 EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVES ................................................................. 5.1

I. Introduction ............................................................................................. 5.1

II. Preamble ................................................................................................ 5.1

5.1 Alternatives to the Project ....................................................................... 5.2

5.2 Mine Waste Disposal Alternatives Evaluation ......................................... 5.2

5.2.1 Alternatives Assessment for Mine Waste Disposal Alternatives ............................................................................ 5.2

5.2.2 Water Bodies Frequented by Fish Impacted by the Proposed Site Layout ............................................................ 5.2

5.3 Alternative Methods ................................................................................ 5.6

5.3.1 Identification and Description of Alternative Methods for the Project ............................................................................. 5.6


Table of Contents Page xiv

5.3.1.1 Mine Development ..................................................... 5.8

Underground Mining .................................................. 5.8

Open Pit Mining ......................................................... 5.9

5.3.1.2 Ore Processing .......................................................... 5.9

Heap Leaching on a Lined Pad .................................. 5.9

Non-Cyanide Processing Methods ........................... 5.10

Process by Milling and Cyanide Leaching including a Cyanide Destruction Circuit ................................................. 5.10

Processing by Milling and Cyanide Leaching including a Cyanide Destruction Circuit and Natural Cyanide Destruction.......................................... 5.10

5.3.1.3 Alternative Process Plant Locations ......................... 5.10

On-Site Processing .................................................. 5.11

Off-Site Processing .................................................. 5.11

5.3.1.4 Power Supply .......................................................... 5.11

On-site Power Generation Using Renewable Power Sources ................................... 5.11

On-site Power Generation Using Diesel-Power Sources .............................................. 5.11

Off-site Power Generation and transmission by API ...................................................... 5.12

5.3.1.5 Transmission Line Re-Routing ................................. 5.12

North Route 5.12

Central Route 5.12

South Route 5.12

5.3.1.6 Process Water Supply ............................................. 5.13

Use of Water from the Mine Pit and Recycling of Water On-site ...................................... 5.13

New Supply from Goudreau Lake ............................ 5.13

New Supply from Goudreau Lake and Herman Lake .................................................... 5.13

New Supply from Magpie River ................................ 5.13

New Supply from Groundwater Wells ...................... 5.16

5.3.1.7 Tailings Management and Mine Rock Management ............................................................ 5.16

5.3.1.8 Non-Hazardous, Non-Mining Solid Waste Disposal ................................................................... 5.16

On-site Landfill ......................................................... 5.16


Table of Contents Page xv

Off-site Municipal Landfill near Dubreuilville............. 5.17

Export 5.17

5.3.1.9 Road Access ........................................................... 5.17

Goudreau Road for All Project Traffic ...................... 5.17

Goudreau Road and the Northern Bypass for Heavy Loads ....................................... 5.18

New Road from Hawk Junction ................................ 5.20

5.3.1.10 On-site Relocation of Goudreau Road ..................... 5.20

Relocation of Goudreau Road to the west of the TMF & MRMF Area ............................. 5.20

Relocation of Goudreau Road to the west of the Open Pit .............................................. 5.20

5.3.1.11 Housing for the Operation Phase ............................. 5.22

Accommodations Provided in Local Communities ....................................... 5.22

Accommodations provided in the local communities, plus a accommodation complex located on the Magino property ....................... 5.22

Accommodations provided in the local communities, plus a accommodation complex located near Dubreuilville. ............................... 5.22

5.3.1.12 Mine Pit Closure ...................................................... 5.23

Pit Lake Filling from Local Surface Runoff and Groundwater Inflow ............................. 5.23

Pit Lake Filling from Local Surface Runoff and Groundwater Inflow plus Backfilling of Pit with Mine Rock and/or Tailings ............................................... 5.23

Pit Lake Filling from Local Surface Runoff and Groundwater Inflow, plus Operations Water Supply Source ........ 5.23

5.3.1.13 Closure of Tailings Management Facility ................. 5.23

Closure with a Soil Cover and Revegetated Surface on the TMF Deck ................... 5.24

Closure by Creating a Wetland and/or Waterbody on the TMF Deck .............. 5.24

5.3.2 Screening of Alternative Methods for Technical and Economic Feasibility ............................................................ 5.24

5.3.2.1 Technical Feasibility ................................................ 5.24

5.3.2.2 Economic Feasibility ................................................ 5.24


Table of Contents Page xvi

5.3.2.3 Summary Results of the Initial Screening ................ 5.33

5.3.3 Detailed Evaluation of Technically and Economically Feasible Alternative Methods .............................................. 5.35

5.3.3.1 Detailed Evaluation Criteria and Ratings .................. 5.35

5.3.4 Identification of the Preferred Alternative Methods .............. 5.38

5.3.4.1 Ore Processing ........................................................ 5.46

5.3.4.2 Local Transmission Line Re-routing ......................... 5.46

5.3.4.3 TMF and MRMF Area .............................................. 5.47

5.3.4.4 Non-Hazardous Non-Mining Solid Waste Disposal ................................................................... 5.47

5.3.4.5 Access Roads .......................................................... 5.47

5.3.4.6 Accommodations for the Operation Phase ............... 5.48

5.3.4.7 Mine Pit Closure ...................................................... 5.49

5.3.4.8 Closure of Tailings Management Facility ................. 5.49

5.3.5 Summary and Conclusions .................................................. 5.50

5.4 References ........................................................................................... 5.53

Appendix 5-1: Detailed Evaluation of Alternatives Methods ............................ 5.54

Appendix 5-2: IRC-5 and IRC-6 Response – Evaluation of Alternatives ....... 5.114

1. Introduction ........................................................................ 5.114

2. Mine Waste Alternatives Assessment ................................ 5.114

2.1 Context .................................................................. 5.114

2.2 Criteria for Determining the Technical and Economic Feasibility of the Mine Waste Disposal Alternatives ............................................................ 5.115

3. Alternative Tailings Deposition Methods ............................ 5.115

3.1 Description of ATDs .............................................................. 5.116

3.1.1 In-Pit Tailings Disposal – ATD #1 ...................................... 5.116

3.1.2 Dry Stack Tailings Disposal – ATD #2 ............................... 5.116

3.1.3 Surface Paste Tailings Disposal – ATD #3 ........................ 5.116

3.1.4 Thickened Tailings Disposal – ATD #4 .............................. 5.117

3.1.5 Conventional Tailings Disposal – ATD #5 .......................... 5.117

3.1.6 Co-Disposal of Tailings and Mine Rock– ATD #6 .............. 5.117

3.2 Screening of Tailings Disposal Methods (ATD) ..................... 5.118

3.2.1 Pre-Screening Criteria for Alternative Tailings Disposal Methods ................................................................. 5.120

3.2.2 In-Pit Tailings Disposal – ATD #1 ...................................... 5.124

3.2.3 DryStack Tailings Disposal – ATD #2 ................................ 5.125


Table of Contents Page xvii

3.2.4 Surface Paste Tailings Disposal – ATD #3 ........................ 5.127

3.2.5 Thickened Tailings Disposal – ATD #4 .............................. 5.128

3.2.6 Conventional Tailings Disposal – ATD #5 .......................... 5.129

3.2.7 Co-Disposal of Tailings and Mine Rock – ATD #6 ............. 5.129

3.3 Technically Feasible Tailing Disposal Method for the Magino Project ....................................................... 5.130

4. Mine Rock Disposal ........................................................... 5.130

4.1 Economic Considerations for Disposal of Mine Rock ............ 5.130

4.2 Preferred Disposal Location for Mine Rock ........................... 5.132

5. Conclusion of the Technical and Economic Feasibility Analysis for the TMF and MRMF ....................................... 5.136

6. Freshwater Make-up Alternatives Assessment .................. 5.136

7. Site Drainage ..................................................................... 5.136

6.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED UNDERTAKING ................................... 6.1

6.1 Project Location ...................................................................................... 6.2

6.2 Magino Site Access ................................................................................ 6.2

6.3 Existing Infrastructure ............................................................................. 6.5

6.4 Project Components ............................................................................... 6.5

6.4.1 Project Schedule.................................................................. 6.12

6.4.2 Access to the Magino Property ............................................ 6.14

6.4.2.1 Road Access ........................................................... 6.14

6.4.2.2 Public Bypass Road (Ring Road) ............................. 6.14

6.4.2.3 Rail Access and Staging Area at Goudreau ............. 6.14

6.4.3 Ore Body and Open Pit ........................................................ 6.15

6.4.3.1 Open Pit .................................................................. 6.15

6.4.3.2 Explosives Magazine ............................................... 6.15

6.4.3.3 Overburden Stockpiles ............................................ 6.16

6.4.3.4 Mitigation by Design Summary ................................ 6.16

6.4.4 Mining Material Management Area ...................................... 6.17

6.4.4.1 Mine Waste Disposal Alternatives Evaluation .......... 6.17

6.4.4.2 Conceptual Design of the Tailings Management Facility (TMF) ........................................................... 6.18

6.4.4.3 Mine Rock Management Facility (MRMF) ................ 6.21

6.4.4.4 Runoff Water Management for TMF and MRMF ...... 6.21

6.4.4.5 Mitigation by Design for the TMF and MRMF ........... 6.21


Table of Contents Page xviii

6.4.5 Plant Area ............................................................................ 6.23

6.4.5.1 Plant Site Facilities .................................................. 6.25

6.4.5.2 Coarse Ore Stockpile and Crushing ......................... 6.25

6.4.5.3 Mill Building ............................................................. 6.25

6.4.5.4 Grinding and Classification ...................................... 6.25

6.4.5.5 Gravity Circuit .......................................................... 6.25

6.4.5.6 Leaching Area ......................................................... 6.26

6.4.5.7 CIP & CIC Circuit ..................................................... 6.26

6.4.5.8 Carbon Plant and Refinery Area .............................. 6.26

6.4.5.9 Process Control Systems ......................................... 6.26

6.4.5.10 Plant Utilities ............................................................ 6.26

6.4.5.11 Surface Water Management .................................... 6.27

6.4.5.12 Mitigation by Design Summary for Plant Area .......... 6.27

6.4.6 Ancillary Facilities ................................................................ 6.28

6.4.6.1 Administration, Mine Dry, Security and First Aid Buildings .................................................................. 6.28

6.4.6.2 Truck Shop .............................................................. 6.28

6.4.6.3 Warehouse & Maintenance Shop Building ............... 6.29

6.4.6.4 Detonator and Explosives Facilities ......................... 6.29

6.4.6.5 Assay Laboratory and Metallurgical Laboratory ....... 6.29

6.4.6.6 Fuel Storage ............................................................ 6.29

6.4.7 Chemical and Hazardous Materials Management and Storage Facilities ................................................................. 6.29

6.4.7.1 Reagents ................................................................. 6.29

6.4.7.2 Chemical and Hazardous Materials Management and Storage Facilities ......................... 6.29

6.4.7.3 Cyanide Destruction ................................................ 6.30

6.4.7.4 Mitigation by Design for Hazardous Chemical Use and Storage ...................................................... 6.31

6.4.8 Waste Management (Non Mining Wastes) .......................... 6.31

6.4.8.1 Hydrocarbon Contaminated Wastes ........................ 6.32

6.4.8.2 Hazardous Wastes .................................................. 6.32

6.4.8.3 Solid Waste ............................................................. 6.32

6.4.9 Enabling Infrastructure ......................................................... 6.33

6.4.9.1 Construction Camp and Mine Dry ............................ 6.33

6.4.9.2 Project Roads .......................................................... 6.33

6.4.9.3 Electrical Transmission Lines and Substation .......... 6.34


Table of Contents Page xix

6.4.9.4 Power Generation Equipment .................................. 6.34

6.4.9.5 Potable Water Supply System ................................. 6.34

6.4.9.6 Sewage Treatment System ...................................... 6.34

6.4.9.7 Communications Systems ....................................... 6.34

6.4.9.8 Site Security ............................................................ 6.35


6.4.10 Surface Water Management Systems and Strategies ......... 6.36

6.4.10.1 Processing Plant, Maintenance Facilities and Indoor Storage Facilities .......................................... 6.38

6.4.10.2 Open Pit Dewatering ................................................ 6.38

6.4.10.3 Management of Surface Runoff ............................... 6.38

6.4.10.4 Diversions ................................................................ 6.39

6.4.10.5 TMF Water Management ......................................... 6.39

6.4.10.6 TMF Seepage Water ............................................... 6.39

6.4.10.7 Water Supply ........................................................... 6.41

6.4.10.8 Fresh Water Requirements ...................................... 6.41


6.5 Project Works and Activities ................................................................. 6.43

6.5.1 Site Preparation Phase ........................................................ 6.43

6.5.1.1.1 Public Bypass Road and Access to the Magino Site ................................... 6.43

6.5.1.1.2 Electrical Transmission Lines and Substation ........................................... 6.43

6.5.1.1.3 Other Site Preparation Activities ......... 6.45

6.5.1.2 Site Clearing, Grubbing, and Pre-stripping ............... 6.45

6.5.1.3 Site Clearing ............................................................ 6.46

6.5.1.4 Grubbing and Pre-Stripping ..................................... 6.46

6.5.1.5 Production of Aggregate for Construction of the Project Infrastructure ............................................... 6.46

6.5.1.6 Water Management Strategies During Site Preparation .............................................................. 6.47

6.5.1.7 Construction of the Open Pit Slurry Wall and Stream Diversions ................................................... 6.47

6.5.1.8 Site Preparation Phase Workforce Requirements and Personnel Management ............. 6.47

6.5.1.9 Site Preparation Phase and Procurement ................ 6.47

6.5.1.10 Site Preparation Phase Materials and Personnel Transportation ......................................................... 6.47

6.5.1.11 Waste Management During Site Preparation ........... 6.48


Table of Contents Page xx


6.5.2 Construction Phase Works and Activities ............................ 6.48

6.5.2.1 Closure of Existing Mine Facilities ........................... 6.49

6.5.2.1.1 Existing Buildings and Structures ........ 6.49

6.5.2.1.2 Existing Non-Mining Waste Landfill ..... 6.49

6.5.2.1.3 Existing Tailings .................................. 6.49

6.5.2.1.4 Residual Soils Removal ...................... 6.50

6.5.2.2 Topsoil and Overburden Stripping and Stockpiling ............................................................... 6.50

6.5.2.2.1 Topsoil Management .......................... 6.50

6.5.2.2.2 Overburden Management ................... 6.50

6.5.2.3 Stream Diversions, Draining, and Backfilling ............ 6.51

6.5.2.4 Construction of Enabling Infrastructure .................... 6.52

6.5.2.4.1 Accommodation .................................. 6.52

6.5.2.4.2 Mine Haul Roads ................................ 6.53

6.5.2.4.3 Potable and Process Water Infrastructure ....................................... 6.53

6.5.2.4.4 Sewage Treatment System ................. 6.53

6.5.2.4.5 Waste Management during Construction ........................................ 6.53

6.5.2.4.6 Site Security ........................................ 6.53

6.5.2.5 Construction of Plant Area Components .................. 6.54

6.5.2.6 Construction of Chemical, Fuel, and Hazardous Materials Management Facilities .............................. 6.54

6.5.2.7 Construction of Mining Waste Management Components ............................................................ 6.54

6.5.2.7.1 MRMF Construction Phase ................. 6.54

6.5.2.7.2 Tailings Management Facility Construction ........................................ 6.55

6.5.2.8 Construction of Environmental Management Infrastructure and Monitoring ................................... 6.56

6.5.2.9 Construction Phase Workforce Requirements and Personnel Management .................................... 6.56

6.5.2.10 Construction Phase Payroll and Procurement .......... 6.56

6.5.2.11 Construction Materials and Personnel Transportation ......................................................... 6.56


6.5.3 Operations Phase Works and Activities ............................... 6.58


Table of Contents Page xxi

6.5.3.1 Operations and Maintenance of Enabling Infrastructure ........................................................... 6.58

6.5.3.1.1 Roads ................................................. 6.58

6.5.3.1.2 Mine Haul Roads and Service Roads ................................................. 6.58

6.5.3.1.3 Electrical Transmission Lines and Substation ........................................... 6.58

6.5.3.1.4 Potable and Process Water Infrastructure ....................................... 6.59

6.5.3.1.5 Sewage Treatment System ................. 6.59

6.5.3.1.6 Non-mining Waste Facilities ................ 6.59

6.5.3.1.7 Site Security ........................................ 6.59

6.5.3.2 Open Pit Mining ....................................................... 6.60

6.5.3.2.1 Mining Method .................................... 6.60

6.5.3.2.2 Pit Dewatering .................................... 6.60

6.5.3.2.3 Explosives Handling and Use.............. 6.60

6.5.3.2.4 Mining Equipment ............................... 6.70

6.5.3.2.5 Support/Ancillary Equipment ............... 6.70

6.5.3.2.6 On-site Materials Haulage ................... 6.71

6.5.3.2.7 Ore Stockpiling ................................... 6.71

6.5.3.2.8 Existing Tailings .................................. 6.71

6.5.3.2.9 Top-Soil and Overburden Stockpiling .......................................... 6.72

6.5.3.3 Operation and Maintenance of Ore Processing Plant and Plant Area Facilities ................................. 6.72

6.5.3.3.1 Ore Transport ..................................... 6.72

6.5.3.3.2 Primary Crusher Operations ............... 6.72

6.5.3.3.3 SAG and Ball Mills, Cyclone and Gravity Circuit Operations ................... 6.72

Leaching and Refining Operations ........................... 6.73

Electrowinning and Smelting .................................... 6.73

Cyanide Treatment .................................................. 6.75

6.5.3.4 Chemical, Fuel and Hazardous Materials Management ............................................................ 6.75

Chemical Reagents ................................................. 6.75

Fuels 6.76

6.5.3.5 Mining Waste Management ..................................... 6.77

Mining Material Management Facility Operations..... 6.77

Tailings Management Facility Operations ................ 6.77


Table of Contents Page xxii

6.5.3.6 Progressive Rehabilitation of Mining Material Management Facilities ............................................. 6.78

Existing Tailings Facility ........................................... 6.78

Mine Rock Management Facility .............................. 6.78

Tailings Management Facility .................................. 6.79

6.5.3.7 Operation and Maintenance of Water Management Infrastructure ...................................... 6.79

6.5.3.7.1 Groundwater Controls and Pit Water Management ............................ 6.81

6.5.3.7.2 Surface Water Diversions and Collection ............................................ 6.81

6.5.3.7.3 TMF and MRMF Seepage Water Management ....................................... 6.81

6.5.3.7.4 Sewage Treatment Facility Operations .......................................... 6.81

6.5.3.7.5 Water Quality Control Pond ................ 6.82

6.5.3.7.6 Discharge to the Receiving Environment ........................................ 6.82

6.5.3.7.7 Adaptive Management ........................ 6.82

6.5.3.7.8 Ongoing Environmental Monitoring ..... 6.82

6.5.3.8 Support Mobile Equipment for Mill Operation ........... 6.83

6.5.3.9 Operations Phase Workforce Requirements and Personnel Management ........................................... 6.83

6.5.3.9.1 General Administration and Labour Staffing Schedule ................................ 6.83

6.5.3.9.2 Mine Personnel and Organization Structure ............................................. 6.84

6.5.3.9.3 Milling Operation Labour and Staffing Schedule ................................ 6.86

6.5.3.10 Operations Phase Materials and Personnel Transportation ......................................................... 6.86

6.5.3.11 Mitigation by Design Summary during Operation Phase ...................................................................... 6.87

6.5.4 Closure and Rehabilitation Related Works and Activities .... 6.90

6.5.4.1 Closure of Explosives Management Facilities .......... 6.90

6.5.4.2 Closure of Chemical, Fuel and Hazardous Materials Management Facilities .............................. 6.90

6.5.4.3 Closure of Enabling Infrastructure ............................ 6.90

Accommodation Complex ........................................ 6.90

Mine Haul Roads and Service Roads ...................... 6.90


Table of Contents Page xxiii

Electrical Transmission Lines and Substation .......... 6.90

Potable and Process Water Infrastructure ............... 6.91

Sewage Treatment System ...................................... 6.91

Non-Mining Waste Facilities .................................... 6.91

Site Security 6.91

6.5.4.4 Closure of Ore Processing Plant and Plant Area Facilities .................................................................. 6.91

Low-Grade Ore Stockpile ......................................... 6.91

Primary Crushing Facility and Crushed Ore Stockpile ............................................. 6.91

Gold Processing & Ancillary Facilities ...................... 6.92

6.5.4.5 Final Rehabilitation of Mining Waste Management ............................................................ 6.92

Mine Rock Management Facility .............................. 6.92

Tailings Management Facility .................................. 6.92

6.5.4.6 Site Rehabilitation .................................................... 6.93

6.5.4.7 Operation and Maintenance of Environmental Management Infrastructure ...................................... 6.93

6.5.4.7.1 Surface Water Controls ....................... 6.95

6.5.4.7.2 Pit Filling ............................................. 6.95

6.5.4.7.3 Ongoing Environmental Monitoring ..... 6.95

6.5.4.8 Closure and Rehabilitation Phase Workforce Requirements & Personnel Management ................ 6.95

6.5.4.9 Closure and Rehabilitation Phase Payroll and Procurement ............................................................ 6.95

6.5.4.10 Closure and Rehabilitation Phase Materials and Personnel Transportation ......................................... 6.96


6.5.5 Post Closure Phase ............................................................. 6.96

6.5.5.1 Pit Lake Filling ......................................................... 6.96


6.5.5.3 Adaptive Management ............................................. 6.98

6.6 Temporary Suspension of Operations or State of Inactivity .................. 6.98

6.7 Evolution of the Project ......................................................................... 6.98

6.7.1 Feasibility Studies ................................................................ 6.99

6.7.1.1 Current Feasibility Study .......................................... 6.99

6.7.1.2 Implication for the EIS .............................................. 6.99


Table of Contents Page xxiv

6.7.2 Environmental Baseline Studies, Traditional Knowledge, and, Public Consultations .................................................. 6.100

6.7.2.1 Feedback from Engagement with Aboriginal Groups ................................................................... 6.100

6.7.2.2 Changes to the Project Design as a result of Public Consultation ................................................ 6.101

6.7.3 Changes to the Project ...................................................... 6.101

6.8 Summary of Mitigation Measures Incorporated into the Project .......... 6.104

6.9 References ......................................................................................... 6.115

7.0 EFFECTS ASSESSMENT................................................................................. 7.1 I. Preamble ................................................................................................ 7.1 II. IRC-3 Response ..................................................................................... 7.2

1. Effects on Indigenous Peoples – Forestry and Logging by Indigenous Peoples .......................................................... 7.2

7.1 Scope and Methodology ......................................................................... 7.3 7.1.1 Overview ................................................................................ 7.3

7.1.1.1 Valued Components and Indicators ........................... 7.3

7.1.2 Effects Assessment ............................................................... 7.7 7.1.2.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance ........... 7.7

7.1.2.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters .............. 7.7

7.1.2.3 Effects Mechanisms ................................................... 7.8

7.1.2.4 Assessment Methods ................................................ 7.8

7.1.2.5 Assumptions and the Conservative Approach ............ 7.8

7.1.2.6 Description of Effects on VCs and Indicators ............. 7.8

7.1.2.7 Effects Mitigation or Enhancement ............................ 7.9

7.1.2.8 Residual Effects ....................................................... 7.10

7.1.2.9 Significance of Residual Effects ............................... 7.10

7.1.2.10 Follow-up and Monitoring ......................................... 7.11

7.2 Atmospheric Environment ..................................................................... 7.11 7.2.1 Meteorology and Air Quality ................................................ 7.11

7.2.1.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance ......... 7.11

7.2.1.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Air Quality ................................................................ 7.12

7.2.1.3 Effects Mechanisms ................................................. 7.13

7.2.1.4 Assessment Methods .............................................. 7.16

7.2.1.4.1 Assumptions and the Conservative Approach ............................................ 7.17


Table of Contents Page xxv

7.2.1.5 Effects Analysis ....................................................... 7.18

7.2.1.5.1 Effect on Air Quality Concentrations .................................... 7.18

7.2.1.6 Effects Mitigation or Enhancement .......................... 7.20

7.2.1.7 Residual Effects on Air Quality................................. 7.20

7.2.1.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Air Quality ......... 7.20

7.2.1.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Air Quality ..................................................................... 7.22

7.2.1.9.1 Preliminary Monitoring Program .......... 7.22 7.2.2 Noise ................................................................................... 7.26


7.2.2.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Noise ....................................................................... 7.27





7.2.2.5.1 Effect on Nighttime Equivalent Levels ................................................. 7.31


7.2.2.7 Residual Effects on Noise ........................................ 7.32

7.2.2.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Noise ................ 7.32

7.2.2.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Noise ........... 7.35

7.2.3 Vibration .............................................................................. 7.35 7.2.3.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance ......... 7.35

7.2.3.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Vibration .................................................................. 7.36




7.2.3.5 Effects on Vibration .................................................. 7.37

7.2.3.5.1 Effect on Peak Air Pressure Level and Peak Particle Velocity .................. 7.37

7.2.3.5.2 Effect on Ground Vibration and Instantaneous Underwater Overpressure ...................................... 7.38


7.2.3.7 Residual Effects on Vibration ................................... 7.40


Table of Contents Page xxvi

7.2.3.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Vibration ........... 7.41

7.2.3.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Vibration ...... 7.44

7.2.3.9.1 Preliminary Monitoring Program .......... 7.44 7.2.4 Light ..................................................................................... 7.46


7.2.4.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Light ........................................................................ 7.46





7.2.4.5.1 Effect on Light Trespass ..................... 7.51 7.2.4.5.2 Effects on Sky Glow ............................ 7.51


7.2.4.7 Residual Effects on Light ......................................... 7.52

7.2.4.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Light ................. 7.52

7.2.4.8.1 Increased Anthropogenic Light and Reduced Sky Quality due to Increased Light and Sky Glow at Points of Reception. ............................ 7.55

7.2.4.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Light ............ 7.55

7.2.5 Greenhouse Gases .............................................................. 7.55 7.2.5.1 Guidance ................................................................. 7.55

7.2.5.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Greenhouse Gases .................................................. 7.57





7.2.5.5.1 Effect on Direct Greenhouse Gas Emissions ........................................... 7.60

7.2.5.5.2 Effect on Indirect Greenhouse Gas Emissions ........................................... 7.60


7.2.5.7 Residual Effects on Greenhouse Gases .................. 7.61

7.2.5.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Greenhouse Gases ...................................................................... 7.61

7.2.5.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Greenhouse Gases .................................................. 7.63


Table of Contents Page xxvii

7.2.5.9.1 Preliminary Monitoring Program .......... 7.63 7.3 Physical Environment ........................................................................... 7.63

7.3.1 Terrain and Soils.................................................................. 7.63 7.3.1.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance ......... 7.63

7.3.1.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Terrain and Soils ..................................................... 7.65





7.3.1.5.1 Site Preparation Phase ....................... 7.67 7.3.1.5.2 Construction Phase ............................. 7.67 7.3.1.5.3 Operations .......................................... 7.68 7.3.1.5.4 Closure ............................................... 7.68

7.3.1.6 Mitigation ................................................................. 7.73

7.3.1.7 Residual Effects on Terrain and Soils ...................... 7.73

7.3.1.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Terrain and Soils ........................................................................ 7.73

7.3.1.8.1 Altered Ground Surface Slopes and Site Topography ........................... 7.73

7.3.1.8.2 Increased Potential for Slope Failures and Erosion of Natural Soils .................................................... 7.73

7.3.1.8.3 Reduced Soil Quality .......................... 7.73 7.3.1.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Terrain

and Soils .................................................................. 7.75

7.3.1.9.1 Operations and Monitoring Program .............................................. 7.75

7.3.2 Groundwater ........................................................................ 7.75 7.3.2.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance ......... 7.75

7.3.2.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Groundwater ............................................................ 7.77



7.3.2.4.1 Conceptual Hydrogeologic Model ....... 7.79 7.3.2.4.2 Computer Models ................................ 7.79 7.3.2.4.3 Groundwater Quality ........................... 7.80

7.3.2.5 Assumptions and the Conservative Approach .......... 7.80



Table of Contents Page xxviii

7.3.2.6.1 Potential Effects on Groundwater Levels and Flow .................................. 7.81

7.3.2.7 Potential Effects on Groundwater Quality ................ 7.83


7.3.2.9 Residual Effects on Groundwater ............................ 7.85

7.3.2.10 Significance of Residual Effects on Groundwater .... 7.85

7.3.2.10.1 Lowering of groundwater levels in the vicinity of the open pit .................... 7.89

7.3.2.10.2 Increase in groundwater levels in the vicinity of the TMF and MRMF ...... 7.89

7.3.2.10.3 Reduction of the flow of groundwater due to dewatering of the pit .................................................. 7.89

7.3.2.10.4 Reduced groundwater quality under the TMF, MRMF and to the east of the pit lake ............................... 7.89

7.3.2.11 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Groundwater ............................................................ 7.89

7.3.2.11.1 Preliminary Monitoring Program .......... 7.89 7.3.3 Surface Water Hydrology ..................................................... 7.91

7.3.3.1 Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance ........ 7.91

7.3.3.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Surface Water Quantity ........................................... 7.92



7.3.3.5 Assumptions of the Conservative Approach............. 7.94


7.3.3.7 Effect on Surface Water Quantity and Flow ............. 7.95

7.3.3.7.1 Site Preparation Phase ....................... 7.95 7.3.3.7.2 Construction Phase Works .................. 7.95 7.3.3.7.3 Operations Phase Works and

Activities ............................................. 7.97 7.3.3.7.4 Closure and Rehabilitation Phase

and Works......................................... 7.100 7.3.3.7.5 Post Closure Phase Works and

Activities ........................................... 7.100 7.3.3.8 Effects Mitigation or Enhancement ........................ 7.102

7.3.3.9 Residual Effects on Surface Water Quantity and Flow ....................................................................... 7.103

7.3.3.10 Significance of Residual Effects on Surface Water Quantity and Flow ....................................... 7.103


Table of Contents Page xxix

7.3.3.10.1 Increased Water Levels and Flows in Spring Lake and McVeigh Creek Associated With Lovell Lake Dewatering During Construction ....... 7.106

7.3.3.10.2 Increased Water Levels and Flows in Goudreau Lake and Goudreau Lake Outflow Associated With Webb Lake Dewatering During Construction ...................................... 7.106

7.3.3.10.3 Reduction in Water Levels and Flows in Spring Lake due to Changes in Upstream Catchment Area During Operations, Closure and Post-Closure .............................. 7.106

7.3.3.10.4 Reduction in Water Levels of Goudreau Lake Water Levels and Goudreau Lake Outflows Resulting From Surface Water Takings and Pit Dewatering .................................. 7.107

7.3.3.11 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Surface Water Quantity and Flow ....................................... 7.107

7.3.3.11.1 Preliminary Monitoring Program ........ 7.107 7.3.4 Surface Water Quality ........................................................ 7.110

7.3.4.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance ....... 7.110

7.3.4.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Water Quality ......................................................... 7.111

7.3.4.3 Effects Mechanisms ............................................... 7.112

7.3.4.4 Assessment Methods ............................................ 7.113

7.3.4.5 Effects Analysis ..................................................... 7.121

7.3.4.5.1 Effect on Water Quality ..................... 7.121 7.3.4.5.1.1 Site Preparation Phase……. 7.121

7.3.4.5.1.2 Construction Phase ……….. 7.121

7.3.4.5.1.3 Operations Phase ………….. 7.124

7.3.4.5.1.4 Closure Phase ……………… 7.136

7.3.4.5.1.5 Post-Closure Phase ……….. 7.137

7.3.4.6 Effects Mitigation or Enhancement ........................ 7.141

7.3.4.7 Residual Effects on Water Quality ......................... 7.142

7.3.4.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Water Quality ................................................................... 7.142

7.3.4.8.1 Increase in Sulphate, Total Phosphorus, Copper, Mercury and Silver ................................................. 7.146


Table of Contents Page xxx

7.3.4.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Water Quality ................................................................... 7.146

7.3.4.9.1 Preliminary Monitoring Program ........ 7.146 7.3.4.9.1.1 Scope and Resource Considerations 7.146

7.3.4.9.1.2 Adaptive Management Measures 7.147

7.3.5 Stream and Lake Sediments ............................................. 7.149 7.3.5.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance ....... 7.149

7.3.5.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Sediment Quality ................................................... 7.150



7.3.5.4.1 Assumptions and the Conservative Approach .......................................... 7.154


7.3.5.5.1 Effect on Sediment Quality ................ 7.154 7.3.5.5.1.1 Site Preparation Phase 7.154

7.3.5.5.1.2 Construction Phase 7.155

7.3.5.5.1.3 Operations Phase 7.157

7.3.5.5.1.4 Closure Phase 7.162

7.3.5.5.1.5 Post-Closure Phase 7.163


7.3.5.7 Residual Effects on Stream and Lake Sediments .. 7.164

7.3.5.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Sediment Quality ................................................................... 7.165

7.3.5.8.1 Increased sediment concentrations in Otto Lake ...................................... 7.169

7.3.5.8.2 Increased sediment concentrations in Herman Lake ................................ 7.169

7.3.5.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Sediment Quality ................................................................... 7.169

7.3.5.9.1 Preliminary Monitoring Program ........ 7.169 7.3.5.9.2 Scope and Resource

Considerations .................................. 7.169 7.3.5.9.2.1 Adaptive Management Measures 7.170

7.3.6 Visual Resources ............................................................... 7.172 7.3.6.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance ....... 7.172

7.3.6.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Visual Resources ................................................... 7.172




Table of Contents Page xxxi



7.3.6.6 Effect on Visibility................................................... 7.173


7.3.6.8 Residual Effects on Visual Resources ................... 7.177

7.3.6.9 Significance of Residual Effects on Visual Resources ............................................................. 7.177

7.4 Biological Environment ....................................................................... 7.180 7.4.1 Fish and Fish Habitat ......................................................... 7.180


7.4.1.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Fish and Fish Habitat ............................................. 7.189



7.4.1.4.1 Lower Trophic Levels ........................ 7.192 7.4.1.4.2 Commercial, Recreational and

Aboriginal Fisheries .......................... 7.198 7.4.1.4.3 Fish Habitat ....................................... 7.200 7.4.1.4.4 Assumptions and the Conservative

Approach .......................................... 7.201 7.4.1.5 Effects Analysis ..................................................... 7.202

7.4.1.5.1 Effects on Lower Trophic Community........................................ 7.202

7.4.1.5.2 Effects on CRA Fisheries .................. 7.203 7.4.1.5.3 Effects on Fish Habitat ...................... 7.205


7.4.1.7 Residual Effects on Fish and Fish Habitat ............. 7.212

7.4.1.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Fish and Fish Habitat ........................................................... 7.212

7.4.1.8.1 Effects of Changes in Water and Sediment Quality on Lower Trophic Levels ............................................... 7.217

7.4.1.8.2 Blasting from the Open Pit ................ 7.217 7.4.1.8.3 Loss of CRA Fish associated with

Fish Relocations ............................... 7.217 7.4.1.8.4 Loss of Fish Habitat Due to

Removal of Water Bodies and Watercourses .................................... 7.217

7.4.1.9 Follow-up and Monitoring for Fish and Fish Habitat ................................................................... 7.217

7.4.2 Terrestrial Vegetation ........................................................ 7.220


Table of Contents Page xxxii


7.4.2.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Terrestrial Vegetation ............................................ 7.221





7.4.2.5.1 Effect on Upland Forest .................... 7.225 7.4.2.5.2 Effects on Rock Barrens ................... 7.227


7.4.2.7 Residual Effects on Terrestrial Vegetation ............. 7.228

7.4.2.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Terrestrial Vegetation ............................................................. 7.229

7.4.2.8.1 Removal of upland forest and associated rock barrens .................... 7.232

7.4.2.8.2 Fragmentation of pathways of connectivity within the Webb-Goudreau and Lovell-Spring Lake watersheds ....................................... 7.232

7.4.2.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Terrestrial Vegetation ............................................................. 7.232

7.4.3 Wetlands ............................................................................ 7.235 7.4.3.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance ....... 7.235

7.4.3.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Wetlands ............................................................... 7.236





7.4.3.6 Effect on Organic/Peat Accumulating Wetlands ..... 7.241

7.4.3.6.1 Site Preparation Phase ..................... 7.242 7.4.3.6.2 Construction Phase ........................... 7.242 7.4.3.6.3 Operations Phase ............................. 7.243 7.4.3.6.4 Closure and Post Closure Phases .... 7.243

7.4.3.7 Effects on Mineral Wetlands .................................. 7.244

7.4.3.7.1 Site Preparation Phase ..................... 7.244 7.4.3.7.2 Construction Phase ........................... 7.245 7.4.3.7.3 Operations Phase ............................. 7.245 7.4.3.7.4 Closure and Post-Closure Phases .... 7.245


Table of Contents Page xxxiii


7.4.3.9 Residual Effects on Wetlands ................................ 7.245

7.4.3.10 Significance of Residual Effects on Wetlands ........ 7.245

7.4.3.10.1 Removal of Organic/Peat Accumulating and Mineral Wetlands ........................................... 7.248

7.4.3.10.2 Reduced Quality/Function of Retained Wetlands Due to Altered Water Quality and Quantity ............... 7.248

7.4.3.10.3 Reduced Quality/Function of Retained Wetlands Due to Indirect Effects of Dust, Wind, and Sun Exposure .......................................... 7.248

7.4.3.11 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Wetlands ... 7.248

7.4.4 Significant Wildlife Habitat ................................................. 7.248 7.4.4.1 Overview ............................................................... 7.248


7.4.4.3 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Significant Wildlife Habitat ..................................... 7.250





7.4.4.6.1 Effects on Moose Calving, Aquatic Feeding, and Late Winter Cover Areas ................................................ 7.254

7.4.4.6.2 Effects on Amphibian Breeding Areas ................................................ 7.256

7.4.4.6.3 Effect on Habitat for Species of Special Concern ............................... 7.257


7.4.4.8 Residual Effects on Significant Wildlife Habitat ...... 7.259

7.4.4.9 Significance of Residual Effects on Significant Wildlife Habitat ....................................................... 7.259

7.4.4.9.1 Removal of Moose Calving, Aquatic Feeding and Late Winter Cover Habitat .................................... 7.262

7.4.4.9.2 Removal of Habitat for Species of Special Concern ............................... 7.262

7.4.4.9.2.1 Removal of Amphibian Breeding Habitat 7.264

7.4.4.10 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Significant Wildlife Habitat ..................................... 7.264


Table of Contents Page xxxiv

7.4.4.10.1 Preliminary Monitoring Program ........ 7.264 7.4.5 Migratory and Breeding Birds ............................................ 7.266


7.4.5.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Migratory and Breeding Birds ................................ 7.267





7.4.5.5.1 Effect on Canopy Warblers and Habitat .............................................. 7.270

7.4.5.5.2 Effect on Waterfowl and Waterfowl Habitat .............................................. 7.271

7.4.5.5.3 Effect on Raptors .............................. 7.273 7.4.5.6 Effects Mitigation or Enhancement ........................ 7.274

7.4.5.7 Residual Effects on Migratory and Breeding Birds ...................................................................... 7.274

7.4.5.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Migratory and Breeding Birds ................................................ 7.274

7.4.5.8.1 Loss of Mature Forest Canopy Habitat for Warblers .......................... 7.277

7.4.5.8.2 Loss of Foraging and Staging Habitat for Waterfowl ........................ 7.277

7.4.5.8.3 Loss of Foraging Habitat for Raptors ............................................. 7.277

7.4.5.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Migratory and Breeding Birds ................................................ 7.277

7.4.6 Mammals ........................................................................... 7.277 7.4.6.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance ....... 7.277

7.4.6.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Mammals ............................................................... 7.279





7.4.6.5.1 Effect on Bear Berry Foraging Habitat and Bear ............................... 7.283

7.4.6.5.2 Effects on Moose Travel Corridors and Moose ........................................ 7.285


Table of Contents Page xxxv

7.4.6.5.3 Effect on Furbearer Habitat and Furbearers ........................................ 7.286


7.4.6.7 Residual Effects on Mammals ............................... 7.289

7.4.6.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Mammals ........ 7.290

7.4.6.8.1 Removal of Black Bear Berry Foraging Habitat ............................... 7.294

7.4.6.8.2 Creation of barriers to landscape connectivity including Removal of Moose Travel Corridors..................... 7.294

7.4.6.8.3 Changes in Mammal Behaviour due to Noise, Vibration and Light ...... 7.294

7.4.6.8.4 Attraction of bears and other mammals to kitchen waste disposal areas; dining facilities and human activity where food might be available ....................................... 7.294

7.4.6.8.5 Removal of Beaver Lodges and Furbearer Habitat due to Draining of Wetlands and Waterbodies ........... 7.294

7.4.6.8.6 Increased Mammal-vehicular Collisions .......................................... 7.295

7.4.6.8.7 Increased Exposure of Mammals to Contaminants in Water Quality Ponds, Constructed Treatment Wetlands and from Dustfall ............... 7.295

7.4.6.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Mammals ... 7.295

7.4.6.9.1 Preliminary Monitoring Program ........ 7.295 7.4.7 Species at Risk .................................................................. 7.298


7.4.7.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Species at Risk (Threatened and Endangered) ..... 7.300





7.4.7.5.1 Effect on Whip-poor-will (Caprimulgus vociferous) .................. 7.303

7.4.7.5.2 Effect on Chimney Swift (Chaetura pelagic) ............................................. 7.303

7.4.7.5.3 Effect on Little Brown Bat (Myotis lucifugus) and Northern Long-eared Bat (Myotis septentrionalis) ..... 7.303


Table of Contents Page xxxvi


7.4.7.7 Residual Effects on SAR........................................ 7.303

7.4.7.8 Significance of Residual Effects on SAR ................ 7.304

7.4.7.8.1 Removal of Bat Hibernaculum........... 7.307 7.4.7.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for

Threatened and Endangered SAR ......................... 7.307

7.4.7.9.1 Preliminary Monitoring Program ........ 7.307 7.5 Social Environment ............................................................................. 7.309

7.5.1 Population and Demographics ........................................... 7.309 7.5.1.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance ....... 7.309

7.5.1.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Population and Demographics ............................... 7.309





7.5.1.5.1 Effect on Population Levels and Mobility ............................................. 7.311

7.5.1.5.2 Effect on Population Demographics .. 7.312 7.5.1.6 Effects Mitigation or Enhancement ........................ 7.312

7.5.1.7 Residual Effects on Population and Demographics ....................................................... 7.312

7.5.1.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Population and Demographics ................................................. 7.313

7.5.1.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Population and Demographics ............................... 7.313

7.5.1.9.1 Preliminary Monitoring Program ........ 7.313 7.5.1.10 Influence of Community and Traditional

Knowledge on the Assessment .............................. 7.315

7.5.2 Community Vitality ............................................................. 7.315 7.5.2.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance ....... 7.315

7.5.2.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Community Vitality ................................................. 7.315





7.5.2.5.1 Effect on Recreation and Leisure ...... 7.318


Table of Contents Page xxxvii

7.5.2.5.2 Effect on Community Character ........ 7.326 7.5.2.5.3 Effect on Community Facilities and

Services ............................................ 7.326 7.5.2.5.4 Effect on Health and Social

Services ............................................ 7.327 7.5.2.5.5 Effect on Adult Education and

Training ............................................. 7.327 7.5.2.5.6 Effect on Crime and Public Safety ..... 7.328 7.5.2.5.7 Effect on Individual and Family

Well-Being ........................................ 7.328 7.5.2.6 Effects Mitigation or Enhancement ........................ 7.328

7.5.2.7 Residual Effects on Community Vitality .................. 7.330

7.5.2.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Community Vitality .................................................................... 7.330

7.5.2.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Community Vitality ................................................. 7.333



7.5.3 Infrastructure and Services ................................................ 7.334 7.5.3.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance ....... 7.334

7.5.3.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Infrastructure and Services .................................... 7.334





7.5.3.5.1 Effect on Housing.............................. 7.336 7.5.3.5.2 Effect on Emergency Services .......... 7.337 7.5.3.5.3 Effect on Utilities ............................... 7.337 7.5.3.5.4 Effect on Road Transportation .......... 7.337 7.5.3.5.5 Effect on Communications ................ 7.338 7.5.3.5.6 Effect on Energy Supply.................... 7.338


7.5.3.7 Residual Effects on Infrastructure and Services ..... 7.339

7.5.3.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Infrastructure and Services .......................................................... 7.340

7.5.3.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Infrastructure and Services .................................... 7.344

7.5.3.9.1 Preliminary Monitoring Program ........ 7.344


Table of Contents Page xxxviii

7.5.3.10 Influence of Community and Traditional Knowledge on the Assessment .............................. 7.344

7.6 Economic Environment ....................................................................... 7.345 7.6.1 Land Use and Tourism ...................................................... 7.345


7.6.1.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Land Use and Tourism .......................................... 7.345





7.6.1.5.1 Effect on Land Ownership/ Tenure .... 7.348 7.6.1.5.2 Effect on Mining ................................ 7.348 7.6.1.5.3 Effect on Forestry .............................. 7.348 7.6.1.5.4 Effect on Commercial Tourism and

Recreation ........................................ 7.349 7.6.1.5.5 Effect on Commercial Trapping ......... 7.354 7.6.1.5.6 Effect on Parks and Protected

Areas ................................................ 7.355 7.6.1.5.7 Effect on Other Land Uses ................ 7.355


7.6.1.7 Residual Effects on Land Use and Tourism ........... 7.357

7.6.1.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Land Use and Tourism ........................................................... 7.357

7.6.1.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Land Use and Tourism ........................................................... 7.361

7.6.1.9.1 Preliminary Monitoring Program ........ 7.361 7.6.1.9.1.1 Context and Objectives 7.361

7.6.1.9.1.2 Scope and Resource Considerations 7.361

7.6.1.9.1.3 Adaptive Management Measures 7.361

7.6.1.10 Influence of Community and Traditional Knowledge on the Assessment .............................. 7.361

7.6.2 Employment and Business Opportunities .......................... 7.361 7.6.2.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance ....... 7.362

7.6.2.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Employment and Business Opportunities .............. 7.362




Table of Contents Page xxxix



7.6.2.5.1 Effect on Employment and Wage Income .............................................. 7.364

7.6.2.5.2 Effect on Labour Supply .................... 7.369 7.6.2.5.3 Effect on Business Activity ................ 7.370


7.6.2.7 Residual Effects on Employment and Business Opportunities ......................................................... 7.371

7.6.2.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Employment and Business Opportunities ................................... 7.372

7.6.2.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Employment and Business Opportunities .............. 7.372



7.6.3 Government Revenues ...................................................... 7.373 7.6.3.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance ....... 7.373

7.6.3.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Government Revenues .......................................... 7.374





7.6.3.5.1 Effect on Municipal Revenues ........... 7.375 7.6.3.5.2 Effect on Provincial Revenues .......... 7.375 7.6.3.5.3 Effect on Federal Revenues .............. 7.377


7.6.3.7 Residual Effects on Government Revenues........... 7.378

7.6.3.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Government Revenues .............................................................. 7.378

7.6.3.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Government Revenues .......................................... 7.379



7.7 Aboriginal Interests ............................................................................. 7.379 7.7.1 Aboriginal Employment and Business Opportunities ......... 7.380



Table of Contents Page xl

7.7.1.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Aboriginal Employment and Business Opportunities ......................................................... 7.381





7.7.1.5.1 Effect on Aboriginal Employment and Wage Income ............................. 7.383

7.7.1.5.2 Effect on Aboriginal Labour Supply ... 7.384 7.7.1.5.3 Effect on Aboriginal Education and

Training ............................................. 7.385 7.7.1.5.4 Effect on Aboriginal Business

Activity .............................................. 7.385 7.7.1.6 Effects Mitigation or Enhancement ........................ 7.386

7.7.1.7 Residual Effects on Aboriginal Employment and Business Opportunities .......................................... 7.386

7.7.1.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Aboriginal Employment and Business Opportunities .............. 7.387

7.7.1.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Aboriginal Employment and Business Opportunities .............. 7.387



7.7.2 Traditional Use of Lands and Resources ........................... 7.389 7.7.2.1 Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance ...... 7.390

7.7.2.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Traditional Use of Lands and Resources ............... 7.391





7.7.2.5.1 Summary of Traditional Use of Land and Resources ......................... 7.397

7.7.2.5.1.1 Summary of Traditional Hunting Uses 7.397

7.7.2.5.1.2 Summary of Fishing Uses 7.397

7.7.2.5.1.3 Summary of Trapping Uses 7.397

7.7.2.5.1.4 Summary of Gathering Uses 7.398


Table of Contents Page xli

7.7.2.5.2 Effects Assessment – Traditional Use of Lands and Resources ............ 7.399


7.7.2.7 Residual Effects on Traditional Use of Lands and Resources ...................................................... 7.404

7.7.2.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Traditional Use of Lands and Resources ................................. 7.405

7.7.2.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Traditional Use of Lands and Resources ............... 7.407



7.7.3 Aboriginal Cultural Activities and Special Places ............... 7.408 7.7.3.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance ....... 7.408

7.7.3.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Aboriginal Cultural Activities and Special Places ... 7.410





7.7.3.5.1 Effect on Spiritual Sites ..................... 7.416 7.7.3.5.2 Effect on Trails and Camps ............... 7.417

7.7.3.5.2.1 Trails 7.417

7.7.3.5.2.2 Cabins/Camps 7.417

7.7.3.5.3 Effect on Cultural Activities ............... 7.418 7.7.3.5.4 Effect on Archaeological Sites........... 7.418


7.7.3.7 Residual Effects on Aboriginal Cultural Activities and Special Places ................................................ 7.420

7.7.3.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Traditional Use of Lands and Resources ................................. 7.421

7.7.3.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Aboriginal Cultural Activities and Special Places .................... 7.425



7.8 Summary of Residual Effects and Significance .................................. 7.425 7.9 References ......................................................................................... 7.432 APPENDIX 7-1 IRC-1 Response ................................................................... 7.444


Table of Contents Page xlii

8.0 ACCIDENTS AND MALFUNCTIONS AND WORKER SAFETY……………….8.1

8.1 Effects of Accidents and Malfunctions .................................................... 8.1

8.1.1 Approach ............................................................................... 8.1

8.1.2 Hazard Identification .............................................................. 8.1

8.1.3 Emergency Response and Spill Prevention / Contingency (ERSPC) Plan ................................................... 8.2

8.1.4 Structural Failures .................................................................. 8.3

8.1.4.1 Open Pit Slope Failure ............................................... 8.3

Potential Effects ......................................................... 8.4

Mitigation by Design and Operational Safeguards ........................................... 8.4

Contingency and Emergency Response Procedures ........................................... 8.5

8.1.4.2 Tailings Management Facility Embankment Failure ....................................................................... 8.5

Potential Environmental Effects ................................. 8.6

Worst Case Dam Failure Assessment ....................... 8.6



8.1.4.3 MRMF Slope Failure .................................................. 8.8

Potential Environmental Concerns ............................. 8.8



8.1.4.4 Overburden/Topsoil Stockpile Slope Failure .............. 8.9

Potential Environmental Concerns ............................. 8.9



8.1.5 Accidents ............................................................................... 8.9

8.1.5.1 Explosives Accident ................................................... 8.9

Potential Environmental Effects ............................... 8.10

Mitigation by Design and Operational Safeguards ......................................... 8.10


Table of Contents Page xliii

Contingency and Emergency Response Procedures ......................................... 8.10

8.1.5.2 Tailings Pipeline Failure ........................................... 8.10



8.1.5.3 Water Pipeline Failure ............................................. 8.12




8.1.5.4 Fuel Transport, Transfer and Storage ...................... 8.13




8.1.5.5 Reagent Transport, Transfer and Storage ............... 8.14


Hydrochloric Acid (36-38% Solution) ....................... 8.15

Sodium Hydroxide (30% Solution) ........................... 8.16

Sodium Cyanide (solid briquettes) ........................... 8.17

Solid Reagents ........................................................ 8.19

8.1.5.6 Chemical Spill within Containment Areas ................. 8.20




8.1.6 Other Malfunctions ............................................................... 8.21

8.1.6.1 Project Related Fires ............................................... 8.21



8.1.7 Significance Assessment ..................................................... 8.22

8.2 Worker Safety ....................................................................................... 8.25


Table of Contents Page xliv

8.2.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance .................... 8.25

8.2.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters Worker Safety .................................................................................. 8.26

8.2.3 Effects Mechanisms ............................................................. 8.27

8.2.4 Assessment Methods .......................................................... 8.27

8.2.5 Effects Analysis ................................................................... 8.27

8.2.5.1 Types of Workplace Hazards ................................... 8.27

8.2.5.2 Ontario Mining Industry Safety Record .................... 8.28

8.2.6 Effects Mitigation or Enhancement ...................................... 8.28

8.2.7 Residual Effects on Worker Safety ...................................... 8.29

8.3 References ........................................................................................... 8.29

9.0 EFFECTS OF THE ENVIRONMENT ON THE PROJECT ................................ 9.1

9.1 Potential Effects of Flooding or Drought ................................................. 9.1

9.2 Potential Effects of Larger Temperature Fluctuations ............................. 9.4

9.2.1 Warmer Temperatures ........................................................... 9.4

9.3 Storms .................................................................................................... 9.7

9.4 Seismic Activity ..................................................................................... 9.11

9.5 Implications of Climatic Change Trends................................................ 9.13

9.6 References ........................................................................................... 9.16

10.0 HUMAN HEALTH ............................................................................................ 10.1

I. Introduction ........................................................................................... 10.1

II. Preamble .............................................................................................. 10.1

III. IRC-4 Response ................................................................................... 10.2

1. Effects on Indigenous Peoples – Baseline Health Conditions ............................................................................ 10.2

2. Documenting Efforts to Gather Baseline Health Conditions of Indigenous Peoples in the Areas ................... 10.2

3. Description of How General Health Conditions Were Used in Assessing Significance of Residual Effects on Human Health ...................................................................... 10.3

10.1 Legislative Requirements and other Guidance ..................................... 10.4

10.2 Key Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Human Health .......... 10.10

10.3 Effects Mechanisms ............................................................................ 10.10

10.4 Assessment Methods.......................................................................... 10.11


Table of Contents Page xlv

10.4.1 Assumptions and the Conservative Approach ................... 10.14

10.5 Effects Analysis .................................................................................. 10.15

10.6 Effects Mitigation or Enhancement ..................................................... 10.17

10.7 Residual Effects on Human Health ..................................................... 10.17

10.8 Significance of Residual Effects on Human Health ............................. 10.17

10.9 Follow-up and Monitoring Program for Human Health ........................ 10.21

10.10 References ......................................................................................... 10.22

11.0 CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ................................................................................ 11.1

11.1 Preamble .............................................................................................. 11.1

11.2 Introduction ........................................................................................... 11.2

11.3 Context for the Cumulative Assessment ............................................... 11.2

11.3.1 Description of Existing Conditions ....................................... 11.2

11.3.2 VCs Identified for the Magino Project Environmental Assessment ......................................................................... 11.2

11.3.2.1 Spatial Boundaries for the Magino Project Effects Assessment ................................................. 11.7

11.3.2.2 Temporal Boundaries for the Magino Project ........... 11.7

11.4 Cumulative Effects Assessment ........................................................... 11.9

11.4.1 Types of Cumulative Effects ................................................ 11.9

11.4.2 Cumulative Effects Assessment Methodology ..................... 11.9

11.4.3 SCOPING of VCs for Cumulative Effects Assessment ...... 11.10

11.4.3.1 Criteria for Determining Whether VC should be carried forward to Step 2........................................ 11.10

11.4.3.1.1 Guidelines for the Preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement for the Magino Gold Project (November 2013) and CEAA Operational Policy Guidance .. 11.10

11.4.3.1.2 Aboriginal Consultations and Aboriginal Interests ........................... 11.12

11.4.3.1.3 Community Consultation ................... 11.16

11.4.3.1.4 Screening based on Possible Pathways for Cause of Cumulative Effects ............................................... 11.17

11.4.3.1.5 Other Considerations for Cumulative Effects ................................. 22

11.4.3.1.6 Outcome of VCs Screening .................... 22


Table of Contents Page xlvi

11.4.3.2 Determining Spatial Boundaries............................. 11.38

11.4.3.2.1 VC-Centered Spatial Boundaries ...... 11.38

11.4.3.2.2 Greenhouse Gases (GHG) ............... 11.38

11.4.3.2.3 Biological VCs ................................... 11.38

11.4.3.3 Temporal Boundaries ............................................ 11.39

11.4.4 Examining Physical Activities That Have Been or Will Be Carried Out ........................................................................ 11.43

11.4.4.1 Past Activities ........................................................ 11.43

11.4.4.2 Description of Current Economic Activities within PSA, LSA and RSA ............................................... 11.45

11.4.4.2.1 Mining ............................................... 11.45

11.4.4.2.2 Forestry ............................................ 11.49

11.4.4.2.3 Commercial Tourism and Recreation ........................................ 11.50

11.4.4.2.4 Commercial Trapping ........................ 11.50

11.4.4.2.5 Parks and Protected Areas ............... 11.50

11.4.4.2.6 Other Land Uses ............................... 11.54

11.4.4.2.7 List of Existing Activities within RSA and Potential for Cumulative Effects ............................................... 11.54

11.4.4.3 Identification of Future Activities with Potential Project Interactions ................................................ 11.61

11.4.4.4 List of Current and Future Activities Carried Forward for Cumulative Effects Assessment .......... 11.62

11.5 STEP 2 – ANALYSIS .......................................................................... 11.64

11.5.1 Additive or Synergetic Effects of Past and Current Activities within the RSA .................................................... 11.64

11.5.1.1 Past Activities ........................................................ 11.64

11.5.1.2 Current and Ongoing Activities .............................. 11.64

11.5.1.3 Future Activities ..................................................... 11.65

11.5.1.3.1 Algoma Power System Inc. ............... 11.65

11.5.1.3.2 Forest Management Units ................. 11.65

11.5.2 Matrix of Interaction for Current and Future Activities with the Magino Project. .................................................... 11.65

11.5.3 Availability of Data and Information for Identification of Cumulative Effects ............................................................. 11.68

11.5.3.1 Description of Existing Conditions within RSA, LSA and PSA ......................................................... 11.68

11.5.3.2 Overview of Terrestrial Vegetation within RSA ....... 11.68


Table of Contents Page xlvii

11.5.3.3 Overview of Wetlands within RSA .......................... 11.71

11.5.3.4 Overview of Significant Wildlife Habitat within RSA ....................................................................... 11.73

11.5.3.5 Overview of Migrating and Breeding Birds within RSA ....................................................................... 11.74

11.5.3.5.1 Raptors ............................................. 11.75

11.5.3.5.2 Passerines and Other Upland Nesting Birds ..................................... 11.76

11.5.3.5.3 Marsh Birds ....................................... 11.76

11.5.3.5.4 Waterfowl .......................................... 11.77

11.5.3.6 Overview of Mammals within RSA ......................... 11.78

11.5.3.6.1 Beaver .............................................. 11.79

11.5.3.6.2 Moose ............................................... 11.79

11.5.3.6.3 Black Bear ........................................ 11.80

11.5.3.6.4 Marten .............................................. 11.80

11.5.3.6.5 Red Fox ............................................ 11.81

11.5.3.6.6 Wolf .................................................. 11.81

11.5.3.6.7 Lynx .................................................. 11.81

11.5.3.6.8 Red Squirrel ...................................... 11.82

11.5.3.6.9 Snowshoe Hare ................................ 11.82

11.5.3.6.10 Star-nosed Mole................................ 11.82

11.5.3.6.11 Bats .................................................. 11.82

11.5.3.7 Overview of Species at Risk within RSA ................ 11.83

11.5.3.7.1 Whip-Poor-Will .................................. 11.83

11.5.3.7.2 Common Nighthawk .......................... 11.84

11.5.3.7.3 Olive-sided Flycatcher ...................... 11.84

11.5.3.7.4 Bald Eagle ........................................ 11.84

11.5.3.7.5 Canada Warbler ................................ 11.85

11.5.3.7.6 Chimney Swift ................................... 11.85

11.5.3.7.7 Northern Long-Eared Bat .................. 11.85

11.5.3.7.8 Little Brown Bat ................................. 11.85

11.5.4 Cumulative Effects Assessment ........................................ 11.86

11.5.4.1 Cumulative Effects of Greenhouse Gas Emissions .............................................................. 11.88

11.5.4.1.1 Significance of Current and Future GHG Emissions ................................ 11.88

11.5.4.2 Cumulative Effects on Biological VECs within RSA ....................................................................... 11.88


Table of Contents Page xlviii

11.5.4.2.1 Type of Cumulative Effects ............... 11.89

Cumulative Effects Mechanism .............................. 11.89

Assumptions and the Conservative Approach ........ 11.89

11.5.4.2.2 Cumulative Effects Analysis – Terrestrial Vegetation ........................ 11.90

11.5.4.2.3 Cumulative Effects Analysis – Wetlands ........................................... 11.97

Removal of Organic/Peat Accumulating and Mineral Wetlands .............................. 11.99

11.5.4.2.4 Cumulative Effects Analysis – Significant Wildlife Habitat ............... 11.101

11.5.4.2.5 Cumulative Effects Analysis – Migratory and Breeding Birds .......... 11.112

11.5.5 Addressing Uncertainty of Prediction for Cumulative Effects .............................................................................. 11.122

11.6 Step 3 - Mitigation ............................................................................. 11.122

11.6.1 Mitigation Targeting Future Forestry Operation ............... 11.122

11.6.2 Other Industrial Projects .................................................. 11.123

11.6.3 Aboriginal Interest ............................................................ 11.123

Step 4 – Significance of Cumulative Effects ................................................ 11.123

11.7 Step 5 – Follow-up ............................................................................ 11.123

11.8 References ....................................................................................... 11.125

Appendix 11-1: Description of Past and Current Actions ............................. 11.126

Existing Transportation Network ....................................................... 11.126

Abandoned Forestry Operation ......................................................... 11.126

Abandoned Mines ............................................................................. 11.127

Existing Mineral Exploration .............................................................. 11.127

Existing Mines and Mills .................................................................... 11.129

Existing Forestry Facilities and Harvesting ....................................... 11.132

Existing Power Generation Facilities ................................................ 11.134

Existing Power, Oil and Gas Transmission Facilities ........................ 11.135

Appendix 11-2: Brief Description of Future Actions ..................................... 11.136

Planned Community Development ................................................... 11.136

Transportation Network Improvements ............................................. 11.136

Planned Forestry Facilities and Harvesting ....................................... 11.137

Reasonably Foreseeable Projects and Activities .............................. 11.137

Proposed Mines and Mills ................................................................. 11.137


Table of Contents Page xlix

Proposed Power, Oil and Gas Transmission Facilities ..................... 11.138

12.0 ABORIGINAL ENGAGEMENT ....................................................................... 12.1

I. Preamble .............................................................................................. 12.1

II. IRC-2 Response ................................................................................... 12.2

1. Introduction ....................................................................................... 12.2

1.1 Structure 12.2

1.2 Overview of Prodigy’s Response to IRC-2 .............................. 12.2

2. Indigenous Engagement – Missing Documentation on Effects, Issues and Concerns .............................................. 12.5

3. How Comments of Indigenous Groups Have Been Addressed and How the Comments Informed Analysis of Project’s Effects .................................................................................. 12.7

3.1 Overview 12.7

3.2 Choice of Valued Components ............................................... 12.7

3.3 Changes in Project Design ................................................... 12.11

3.3.1 Changes to the Mine Footprint ...................... 12.11

3.3.2 Changes to Water Discharge Design ............ 12.12

3.3.3 Changes to the Tailings Management ........... 12.12

3.4 Identification of Mitigation Measures ..................................... 12.12

3.5 Residual Effects and Significance Conclusions..................... 12.15

3.5.1 Atmospheric Environment (Section 7.2 of EIS)................................................... 12.15

3.5.2 Physical Environment (Section 7.3 of EIS) .... 12.16

3.5.3 Biological Environment (Section 7.4 of EIS)................................................... 12.18

3.5.4 Social and Economic Environments (Sections 7.5 & 7.6 of EIS) ................ 12.20

3.5.5 Aboriginal Interests (Section 7.7 of EIS) ........ 12.21

3.6 Consideration of Aboriginal Comments in Assessment of Significance of Residual Effects ............................. 12.22

3.7 Consideration of Comments from Aboriginal Groups in the Cumulative Effects Analysis ................................... 12.23

3.8 Impacts on Aboriginal and Treaty Rights .............................. 12.23

12.1 Introduction ......................................................................................... 12.24

12.2 Identification of Aboriginal Groups Engaged ....................................... 12.24

12.3 Aboriginal Engagement Approach ...................................................... 12.24


Table of Contents Page l

12.3.1 Traditional Knowledge Studies/Traditional Land Use Studies ............................................................................... 12.25

12.3.2 Agreements with Aboriginal Groups .................................. 12.26

12.3.3 Aboriginal Engagement Techniques .................................. 12.26

12.3.3.1 Meetings with Chief and Council/Leadership ......... 12.26

12.3.3.2 Guided Site Tours .................................................. 12.26

12.3.3.3 Annual Gatherings and General Membership Meetings ................................................................ 12.27

12.3.3.4 Community Open Houses ...................................... 12.27

12.3.3.5 Interviews with Aboriginal Leadership/Membership ........................................ 12.27

12.3.3.6 Argonaut Gold Website .......................................... 12.27

12.3.4 Aboriginal Engagement Materials ...................................... 12.27

12.3.5 Aboriginal Notification Techniques..................................... 12.28

12.3.5.1 Notification posters ................................................ 12.28

12.3.5.2 Letters and emails ................................................. 12.28

12.3.5.3 Radio advertisements ............................................ 12.29

12.3.5.4 Newsprint advertisements ...................................... 12.29

12.3.5.5 Websites and Social Media .................................... 12.29

12.3.6 Chronological Summary of Aboriginal Engagement to Date ................................................................................... 12.29




12.3.6.4 Batchewana First Nation ...................................... 12.103

12.3.6.5 Red Sky Métis Independent Nation ...................... 12.110

12.3.6.6 Garden River First Nation .................................... 12.117

12.3.6.7 Pic Mobert First Nation ........................................ 12.118

12.4 Proposed Future Engagement Activities ........................................... 12.120

12.5 Key Comments and Questions Raised During Aboriginal Engagement ..................................................................................... 12.121

12.5.1 Michipicoten First Nation ................................................. 12.121

12.5.2 Missanabie Cree First Nation .......................................... 12.133

12.5.3 Métis Nation of Ontario .................................................... 12.148

12.5.4 Batchewana First Nation .................................................. 12.156

12.5.5 Red Sky Métis Independent Nation ................................. 12.165

12.6 References ....................................................................................... 12.175


Table of Contents Page li

APPENDIX 12-1: Record of Communication – Aboriginal Groups .............. 12.177

Section 1: Detailed Chronology of Aboriginal Engagement .............. 12.177

1.1 Michipicoten First Nation – Record of Engagement .................... 12.178

1.2 Missanabie Cree First Nation – Record of Engagement ............. 12.223

1.3 Métis Nation of Ontario – Record of Engagement ...................... 12.271

1.4 Batchewana First Nation – Record of Engagement .................... 12.308

1.5 Red Sky Métis Independent Nation – Record of Engagement .... 12.324

1.6 Garden River First Nation – Record of Engagement .................. 12.337

1.7 Pic Mobert First Nation – Record of Engagement ....................... 12.340

Section 2: Selected Aboriginal Engagement Materials ..................... 12.343

2.1 Michipicoten First Nation – Engagement Materials ..................... 12.343

2.2 Missanabie Cree First Nation – Engagement Materials .............. 12.344

2.3 Métis Nation of Ontario – Engagement Materials ....................... 12.345

2.4 Batchewana First Nation – Engagement Materials ..................... 12.346

2.5 Red Sky Métis Independent Nation – Engagement Materials ..... 12.347

2.6 Garden River First Nation – Engagement Materials ................... 12.348

2.7 Pic Mobert First Nation – Engagement Materials ........................ 12.348

APPENDIX 12-2: Aboriginal Engagement Materials ................................... 12.349

13.0 PUBLIC CONSULTATION .............................................................................. 13.1

I. Preamble .............................................................................................. 13.1

13.1 Introduction ........................................................................................... 13.2

13.2 Identification of Parties Consulted ........................................................ 13.2

13.3 Public Consultation Approach ............................................................... 13.2

13.3.1 Public Consultation Techniques .......................................... 13.2

13.3.1.1 Community Open Houses ........................................ 13.2

13.3.1.2 Meetings .................................................................. 13.3

13.3.1.3 Prodigy Website ...................................................... 13.3

13.3.2 Public Consultation Materials .............................................. 13.3

13.3.3 Public Notifications .............................................................. 13.4

13.3.3.1 Notification Posters .................................................. 13.4

13.3.3.2 Radio Advertisements .............................................. 13.4

13.3.3.3 Newsprint Advertisements ....................................... 13.4

13.3.3.4 Letters and e-mails to Identified Parties ................... 13.5

13.3.3.5 Websites/Social Media ............................................ 13.5


Table of Contents Page lii

13.3.4 Chronological Summary of Public Consultation ................... 13.5

13.3.4.1 Dubreuilville ............................................................. 13.5

13.3.4.2 Wawa ...................................................................... 13.6

13.3.4.3 White River .............................................................. 13.7

13.3.4.4 Other Interested Parties ........................................... 13.8

13.4 Proposed Future Public Consultation Activities .................................... 13.9

13.5 Key Comments and Questions Made During Public Consultation ........ 13.9

13.6 References ......................................................................................... 13.16

APPENDIX 13-1: RECORD OF COMMUNICATION – PUBLIC .................... 13.17

Section 1: Detailed Chronology of Public Consultation ....................... 13.17

1.1 Township of Dubreuilville – Record of Communications ....... 13.17

1.2 Municipality of Wawa – Record of Communications ............. 13.26

1.3 Township of White River – Record of Communications ........ 13.32

1.4 Other Interested Parties – Record of Communications ......... 13.35

Section 2: Public Consultation Materials ............................................. 13.40

2.1 2012 Public Consultation Materials ....................................... 13.40




APPENDIX 13-2 Public Communication Materials ........................................ 13.42

14.0 BENEFITS TO ONTARIO AND CANADA ......................................................... 14

Supporting a Sustainable Mining Industry in Ontario and Canada .................. 14.1

Supporting Sustainable Development through Project Closure Planning ........ 14.1

Economic Benefits to Ontario .......................................................................... 14.2

Economic Benefits to Canada ......................................................................... 14.3

References ...................................................................................................... 14.5

15.0 ADDITIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL APPROVALS .............................................. 15

Section 5(2) Effects ......................................................................................... 15.1

15.1.1. Migratory Birds Convention Act ........................................... 15.1

15.1.2. Explosives Act ..................................................................... 15.1

15.1.3. Fisheries Act and MMER Schedule 2 Authorizations........... 15.2

15.1.4. Transboundary or Changes on Federal Lands .................... 15.7

15.1.5. Potential Effects on Aboriginal Peoples ............................... 15.7


Table of Contents Page liii

15.1.6. Effects of Changes to the Environment that are Directly Linked or Necessarily Incidental to Federal Decisions ......... 15.8

Approvals and Authorizations .......................................................................... 15.8

References .................................................................................................... 15.11 16.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ..................................................................... 16

16.1 Summary of Environmental Effects ....................................................... 16.1

16.2 Project Implications for Aboriginal and Treaty Rights ........................... 16.2

16.2.1 Aboriginal Groups Potentially Affected by the Project .......... 16.2

16.2.2 History of Industrial and Other Human Activities ................. 16.3

16.2.3 Aboriginal Engagement in EIS Process ............................... 16.3

16.2.4 Aboriginal Interests Effects Assessment .............................. 16.4

16.2.5 Conclusion ........................................................................... 16.6

16.3 Environmental Management System .................................................... 16.6

16.4 Preliminary Follow-up and Monitoring Program .................................... 16.9

16.5 Table of Commitments .......................................................................... 16.9

16.6 Conclusions .......................................................................................... 16.9

16.7 References ......................................................................................... 16.10

APPENDICES APPENDIX 1 APPENDIX 2 APPENDIX 3-1 APPENDIX 3-2 APPENDIX 4 APPENDIX 5

EIS GUIDELINES TABLE OF CONCORDANCE RECORD OF COMMUNICATION – GOVERNMENT AGENCIES GOVERNMENT COMMUNICATION MATERIALS ACRONYMS GLOBAL GLOSSARY


Table of Contents Page liv

TECHNICAL SUPPORT DOCUMENTS TSD 1 TSD 2 TSD 3 TSD 4 TSD 5 TSD 6 TSD 7 TSD 8 TSD 9 TSD 10 TSD 11 TSD 12 TSD 13 TSD 14 TSD 15 TSD 15 TSD 16 TSD 16 TSD 17 TSD 18 TSD 18 TSD 18 TSD 19 TSD 20-1 TSD 20-2 TSD 20-3 TSD 20-4 TSD 20-5 TSD 20-6 TSD 20-8 TSD 20-11 TSD 20-12 TSD 20-13 TSD 20-14

GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOHYDROLOGIC INVESTIGATION SUMMARY GEOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT SURFACE WATER HYDROLOGY HYDROGEOLOGICAL STUDY AND GROUNDWATER MODELLING SCHEDULE 2 ASSESSMENT OF ALTERNATIVES FOR MINE WASTE MANAGEMENT TAILINGS AND MINE ROCK MANAGEMENT FACILITY AND OVERBURDEN STOCKPILES – CONCEPTUAL DESIGN REPORT SITE WATER BALANCE AND QUALITY VISUAL IMPACT ANALYSIS METEOROLOGY AND AIR QUALITY CLIMATE CHANGE NOISE VIBRATION LIGHT HUMAN HEALTH FISH AND FISH HABITAT FISH AND FISH HABITAT ADDENDUM SURFACE WATER AND SEDIMENT QUALITY SURFACE WATER AND SEDIMENT QUALITY ADDENDUM TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY BASELINE STAGE 1 ARCHEOLOGY ASSESSMENT STAGE 1 ARCHEOLOGY ASSESSMENT SUPPLEMENTAL STAGE 2 ARCHEOLOGY REPORT PRELIMINARY CLOSURE PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT PLAN CONCEPTUAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND SPILL PREVENTION CONTINGUENCY PLAN HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES MANAGEMENT PLAN WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN CONSTRUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PLAN MINE MATERIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT PLAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN DRAFT FISH HABITAT COMPENSATION PLAN


Table of Contents Page lv

TABLES

Table 1-1: Magino Project Dispositions .................................................................................... 1.9

Table 1-2: Listing of Required Federal Approvals and Permits ............................................... 1.15

Table 1-3: Listing of Required Provincial Approvals and Permits ........................................... 1.17

Table 1-4: EIS Organization ................................................................................................... 1.21

Table 1-5: Technical Support Documents (TSDs) .................................................................. 1.24

Table 2-1: List of Management Plans for the Magino Project ................................................... 2.5

Table 2-2: Summary of Environmental Assessment Framework ............................................ 2.14

Table 4-1: Confromity Response Comments ............................................................................ 4.3

Table 4-2: Breakdown of stream fish habitat (m2) by waterbody and watershed lost to the development of the Magino Mine ................................................................ 4.6

Table 4-3: Breakdown of waterbody fish habitat (m2) by waterbody and watershed lost to the development of the Magino Mine ...................................................... 4.8

Table 4-4: Station Used to Characterize Historical Climate .................................................... 4.44

Table 4-5: Climate Normals and Historical Climate Trends .................................................... 4.54

Table 4-6: Monthly Temperature Summary (2007 – 2011) ..................................................... 4.57

Table 4-7: Precipitation Summary (2007 to 2011) .................................................................. 4.57

Table 4-8: Summary of Existing Air Quality Concentrations for the Project ............................ 4.58

Table 4-9: Existing Noise Levels at the Identified Monitoring Locations ................................. 4.59

Table 4-10: Existing Illuminance Levels ................................................................................. 4.60

Table 4-11: Existing Sky Quality Levels at the Identified Measurement Locations .................. 4.60

Table 4-12: Total Canadian and Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions ..................................... 4.61

Table 4-13: PSA Soil Quality Analytical Testing Results ........................................................ 4.78

Table 4-14: Primary Bedrock Lithological Units Encountered in the PSA ............................... 4.83

Table 4-15: Hydraulic Testing Results .................................................................................... 4.89

Table 4-16: Lithologic Composition of Ore and Waste from the Magino Mine Pit ................... 4.90

Table 4-17: Summary of Static ABA Analysis ......................................................................... 4.92

Table 4-18: Summary of Mine Rock Samples Analyzed for ICP Metals ................................. 4.93

Table 4-19: Percentage of Samples with Concentrations Exceeding the CCME Guidelines ....................................................................................................... 4.94

Table 4-20: Comparative Static and Kinetic ARD Test Acidity, Sulfate and Alkalinity Generation (Dissolution) Data (Weeks 32/114) ............................................... 4.98

Table 4-21: Depletion Analysis Results .................................................................................. 4.99

Table 4-22: Overall Balance of Acid/Base Accounts ............................................................ 4.101

Table 4-23: Water Quality at Existing Units .......................................................................... 4.102

Table 4-24: Observed Vertical Hydraulic Gradients .............................................................. 4.107


Table of Contents Page lvi

Table 4-25: Summary of Exceedances of ODWS and PWQO Limits ................................... 4.108

Table 4-26: Average Monthly Runoff in the Project Study Area ............................................ 4.112

Table 4-27: Long-Term Average, Minimum, and Maximum Mean Annual Flows .................. 4.114

Table 4-28: Long-Term Average Seasonal Mean Flows ....................................................... 4.115

Table 4-29: Monthly Mean Flows ......................................................................................... 4.116

Table 4-30: Long-Term Average, Minimum, Maximum and Range of Annual Mean Water Levels ................................................................................................. 4.118

Table 4-31: Long-Term Average Monthly Mean Water Levels .............................................. 4.119

Table 4-32: Water Hardness Scale ...................................................................................... 4.120

Table 4-33: Lake Acid Sensitivity Scale................................................................................ 4.121

Table 4-34: Stream Acid Sensitivity Scale ............................................................................ 4.121

Table 4-35: Trophic Classification of Lakes and Streams Based on Total Phosphorus Concentrations .............................................................................................. 4.122

Table 4-36: Summary of Exceedances of CWQG and PWQO Limits ................................... 4.126

Table 4-37: Summary of Exceedances of CEQG and PSQG Guideline Limits ..................... 4.133

Table 4-38: Summary of Available Fish Habitat in Water Body 9 ......................................... 4.155




Table 4-42: Summary of Available Fish Habitat in Otto Lake ................................................ 4.166

Table 4-43: Summary of Available Fish Habitat in Herman Lake .......................................... 4.167



Table 4-46: Summary of Available Fish Habitat in the Tailings Pond .................................... 4.175

Table 4-47: Summary of Available Fish Habitat in the Polishing Pond ................................. 4.177

Table 4-48: Summary of Available Fish Habitat in Water Body 11........................................ 4.179



Table 4-51: Summary of Available Fish Habitat in McVeigh Tributary .................................. 4.182

Table 4-52: Summary of Available Fish Habitat in Lovell Lake ............................................. 4.184


Table 4-54: Summary of Available Fish Habitat in Spring Lake ............................................ 4.188

Table 4-55: Summary of Available Fish Habitat in McVeigh Creek ....................................... 4.190

Table 4-56: Summary of Available Fish Habitat in Water Body 10........................................ 4.194

Table 4-57: Summary of Available Fish Habitat in Webb Lake ............................................. 4.196

Table 4-58: Summary of Available Fish Habitat in Goudreau Lake....................................... 4.199


Table of Contents Page lvii

Table 4-59: Upland Forest and Bare Ground/Disturbed Vegetation Communities ................ 4.201

Table 4-60: Areas of Upland Forest Vegetation Communities and Rock Barrens in the Property Study Area ...................................................................................... 4.210

Table 4-61: List of Medicinal and Cultural Species of Importance for Indigenous Communities ................................................................................................. 4.210

Table 4-62: Regional Study Area - Vegetation ..................................................................... 4.213

Table 4-63: Herman-Otto Watershed Wetland Ecological Land Classification ...................... 4.214

Table 4-64: Spring-Lovell Watershed Wetland Ecological Land Classification ..................... 4.217

Table 4-65: Webb-Goudreau Wetland Ecological Land Classification .................................. 4.218

Table 4-66: Areas of Wetland Communities in the Property Study Area ............................... 4.221

Table 4-67: Significant Wildlife Habitat in the LSA ................................................................ 4.223

Table 4-68: Areas of Significant Wildlife Habitat in the Property Study Area ........................ 4.226

Table 4-69: Raptor Species Observed in the Regional Study Area1 ..................................... 4.228

Table 4-70: Marsh Bird Species Observed in the Regional Study Area1 ............................... 4.230

Table 4-71: Waterfowl Species Observed in the Regional Study Area1 ................................ 4.231

Table 4-72: Habitat of Migratory and Breeding Birds in the Property Study Area.................. 4.234

Table 4-73: Furbearer Harvest Estimates in the Regional Study Area .................................. 4.241

Table 4-74: Areas of Upland Forest Vegetation Communities and Rock Barrens in the Property Study Area ...................................................................................... 4.246

Table 4-75: Species at Risk Summary ................................................................................. 4.250

Table 4-76: Median Age – Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario (2006, 2011) ..................................................................................... 4.271

Table 4-77: Occupied Private Dwelling Characteristics - Dubreuilville (2006 - 2011) ............ 4.291

Table 4-78: Parks and Protected Areas in the Vicinity of the Project .................................... 4.310

Table 4-79: Michipicoten First Nation On-Reserve Population Trend 2001 to 2014 .............. 4.340

Table 4-80: Total Population by Age Group - Michipicoten First Nation (2014) .................... 4.341

Table 4-81: Reserve Population by Age Group - Michipicoten First Nation (2006-2011) ............................................................................................................ 4.342

Table 4-82: Total Population by Age Group - Batchewana First Nation, Rankin Reserve (2006) ............................................................................................. 4.350

Table 4-83: Total Population by Age Group - Batchewana First Nation, Goulais Bay Reserve (2006) ............................................................................................. 4.351

Table 4-84: Total Population by Age Group – Garden River First Nation (2011) .................. 4.356

Table 4-85: Total Population by Age Group – Pic Mobert First Nation (North and South Reserves) (2011) ................................................................................ 4.360

Table 4-86: Workforce by Industry - Batchewana First Nation (2006) ................................... 4.362

Table 4-87: Workforce by Occupation - Batchewana First Nation (2006) ............................. 4.362


Table of Contents Page lviii

Table 4-88: Workforce by Industry – Garden River First Nation (2011) ................................ 4.364

Table 4-89: Workforce by Occupation – Garden River First Nation (2011) ........................... 4.365

Table 4-90: Workforce by Industry – Pic Mobert First Nation (2011) .................................... 4.366

Table 4-91: Workforce by Occupation – Pic Mobert First Nation (2011) ............................... 4.367

Table 4-92: Labour Force - Batchewana First Nation (2006) ................................................ 4.369

Table 4-93: Labour Force – Garden River First Nation ......................................................... 4.370

Table 4-91: Labour Force – Pic Mobert First Nation (2011) .................................................. 4.370

Table 4-95: Educational Attainment - Michipicoten First Nation (2011) ................................ 4.372

Table 4-96: Educational Attainment - Batchewana First Nation, Rankin Reserve (2006) ........................................................................................................... 4.374

Table 4-97: Educational Attainment - Batchewana First Nation, Goulais Bay Reserve (2006) ........................................................................................................... 4.375

Table 4-98: Educational Attainment – Garden River First Nation (2011) .............................. 4.376

Table 4-99: Educational Attainment – Pic Mobert First Nation (2011) .................................. 4.377

Table 5-1: Water Bodies Impacted by the Proposed Layout ..................................................... 5.3

Table 5-2: Identified Alternative Methods for the Project .......................................................... 5.7

Table 5-3: Screening of Alternative Methods for Technical and Economic Feasibility............. 5.26

Table 5-4: Summary Results of the Initial Screening .............................................................. 5.33

Table 5-5: Detailed Evaluation Criteria ................................................................................... 5.36

Table 5-6: Rating Scheme for the Detailed Evaluation of Alternative Methods ....................... 5.37

Table 5-7: Summary of Detailed Evaluation of Ore Processing Alternatives ........................... 5.39

Table 5-8: Summary of the Detailed Evaluation of Local Transmission Line Re-routing Alternatives ..................................................................................................... 5.40

Table 5-9: Summary of the Detailed Evaluation of Non-Hazardous Non-Mining Solid Waste Disposal Alternatives ........................................................................... 5.41

Table 5-10: Summary of the Detailed Evaluation of Access Roads Alternatives..................... 5.42

Table 5-11: Summary of the Detailed Evaluation of Accommodations Alternatives for the Operation Phase ....................................................................................... 5.43

Table 5-12: Summary of the Detailed Evaluation of Mine Pit Closure Alternatives ................. 5.44

Table 5-13: Summary of the Detailed Evaluation of Closure of Tailings Management Facility Alternatives ......................................................................................... 5.45

Table 5-14: Summary of the Alternatives Evaluation and Identification of the Preferred Alternative Methods ........................................................................................ 5.50

Table 5-15: Detailed Evaluation of Ore Processing Alternatives ............................................. 5.54

Table 5-16: Detailed Evaluation of Local Transmission Line Re-routing Alternatives ............. 5.65

Table 5-17: Detailed Evaluation of Water Supply Alternatives ................................................ 5.73


Table of Contents Page lix

Table 5-18: Detailed Evaluation of Non-Hazardous Non-Mining Solid Waste Disposal Alternatives ..................................................................................................... 5.81

Table 5-19: Detailed Evaluation of Routine Access Road Alternatives ................................... 5.90

Table 5-20: Detailed Evaluation of Mine Pit Closure Alternatives ........................................... 5.99

Table 5-21: Detailed Closure of Tailings Management Facility Alternatives .......................... 5.106

Table 5-22: Considered Tailings Disposal Methods – Advantages and Disadvantages ........ 5.118

Table 5-23: Pre-Screening Summary for Alternative Tailings Disposal Methods for the Magino Project .............................................................................................. 5.123

Table 5-24: Distance from the Mine Pit and Mine Rock Haulage Costs for Candidate Sites.............................................................................................................. 5.133

Table 5-25: Characteristics of Candidate Tailings Disposal Sites ......................................... 5.134

Table 6-1: Magino Project Key Facts Table .............................................................................. 6.8

Table 6-2: Pit Area and Overburden Stockpiles Mitigation by Design Summary ..................... 6.16

Table 6-3: Mine Rock Management Facility Mitigation by Design Summary ........................... 6.22

Table 6-4: Plant Area Mitigation by Design Summary ............................................................ 6.27

Table 6-5: Mitigation by Design Summary for Hazardous Chemical Use and Storage............ 6.31

Table 6-6: Enabling Infrastructure Mitigation by Design Summary ......................................... 6.35

Table 6-7: Environmental Management Infrastructure Mitigation by Design Summary ........... 6.41

Table 6-8: Site Preparation Phase Mitigation by Design Summary......................................... 6.48

Table 6-9: On-site Waterbodies Impacted by the Mine Project Components .......................... 6.51

Table 6-10: Construction Phase Mitigation by Design Summary ............................................ 6.57

Table 6-11: Expected Mine Production and Ore Processing Schedule ................................... 6.62

Table 6-12: Initial Primary Open Pit Mining Equipment .......................................................... 6.70

Table 6-13: Reagent Consumption and On-site Storage ........................................................ 6.76

Table 6-14: Hydrocarbon Usage ............................................................................................ 6.77

Table 6-15: Support Mobile Equipment for Milling Operation.................................................. 6.83

Table 6-16: Expected General Administration and Labour Staffing Schedule ......................... 6.84

Table 6-17: Expected Mill Operation Staffing Requirements .................................................. 6.86

Table 6-18: Expected Heavy Vehicle Traffic Volume to Site for Operation Phase .................. 6.87

Table 6-19: Operation Phase Mitigation by Design Summary ................................................ 6.88

Table 6-20: Changes in Project Definition ............................................................................ 6.102

Table 6-21: Summary of Mitigation Measures Incorporated into the Project ......................... 6.106

Table 7-1: Listing of Proposed Valued Components and Indicators ......................................... 7.4 Table 7-2: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance ...................................... 7.11

Table 7-3: Selected Indicators and Measures – Air Quality .................................................... 7.12 Table 7-4: Emissions Parameters during Construction and Operations Phases ..................... 7.14


Table of Contents Page lx

Table 7-5: Project Interactions with Air Quality ....................................................................... 7.15

Table 7-6: Emission Rates for Indicator Compounds Used in the Air Quality Analysis ........... 7.18 Table 7-7: Modelled Air Concentrations as a Result of the Project with Respect to the

Study Areas .................................................................................................... 7.18 Table 7-8: Ambient Air Concentrations, including Baseline, for the Project ............................ 7.19 Table 7-9: Effects Criteria and Levels for Determining Significance ....................................... 7.20

Table 7-10: Magnitudes Assessment of Residual Air Quality Effects for the Project ............... 7.21 Table 7-11: Significance of Residual Effects on Air Quality .................................................... 7.23

Table 7-12: Scope of the Monitoring Program for Effects on Air Quality ................................. 7.25 Table 7-13: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance .................................... 7.26 Table 7-14: Selected Indicators and Measures for Noise ....................................................... 7.27

Table 7-15: Project Interactions with Noise ............................................................................ 7.29 Table 7-16: Location of the Identified Points of Reception for Noise(a) .................................... 7.30

Table 7-17: Effects for Noise .................................................................................................. 7.31 Table 7-18: Mitigation by Design Measures ........................................................................... 7.32

Table 7-19: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Noise ...................... 7.32 Table 7-20: Significance of Residual Effects on Noise ........................................................... 7.34 Table 7-21: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance .................................... 7.35

Table 7-22: Selected Indicators and Measures – Vibration .................................................... 7.36 Table 7-23: Project Interactions with Vibration ....................................................................... 7.36

Table 7-24: Estimated Peak Air Vibration and Ground Vibration Levels at Points of Reception ....................................................................................................... 7.37

Table 7-25: Effects Criteria and Levels for Determining Significance ..................................... 7.41

Table 7-26: Significance of Residual Effects on Vibration ...................................................... 7.43 Table 7-27: Scope of the Monitoring Program for Effects on Vibration ................................... 7.45

Table 7-28: Relevant Guidance Documents ........................................................................... 7.46 Table 7-29: Selected Indicators and Measures for Light ......................................................... 7.47 Table 7-30: Project Interactions with Light .............................................................................. 7.48

Table 7-31: Location of Identified Points of Reception(a) ......................................................... 7.49 Table 7-32: Environmental Lighting Zones, Recommended Light Trespass Limits and

Suggested Delta-mag Limits ........................................................................... 7.50 Table 7-33: Light Trespass Predictions .................................................................................. 7.51 Table 7-34: Summary of Predicted Results for Sky Glow ....................................................... 7.51

Table 7-35: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Light ........................ 7.52 Table 7-36: Significance of Residual Effects on Light ............................................................. 7:54

Table 7-37: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance .................................... 7.56


Table of Contents Page lxi

Table 7-38: Selected Indicators and Measures – Greenhouse Gases .................................... 7.57

Table 7-39: Project Interactions with Greenhouse Gases ....................................................... 7.57 Table 7-40: Sources Included in this Greenhouse Gas Assessment ...................................... 7.59

Table 7-41: Areas of Conservatism in the Emission Rate Calculations .................................. 7.59 Table 7-42: Direct Annual Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Key Sources for

Maximum Operating Scenario ......................................................................... 7.60

Table 7-43: Indirect Annual Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Major Sources for Maximum Operating Scenario .................................................................... 7.61

Table 7-44: Comparison of the Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions ...................................... 7.62 Table 7-45: Comparison of Project Greenhouse Gas Emissions to Changes Used in

the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Emission Scenarios ............ 7.62

Table 7-46: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance .................................... 7.63 Table 7-47: Selected Indicators and Measures – Terrain and Soils ........................................ 7.65

Table 7-48: Project Interactions with Terrain and Soils Component ....................................... 7.66 Table 7-49: Project Effects on Terrain and Soils .................................................................... 7.69

Table 7-50: Significance of Residual Effects on Terrain and Soils .......................................... 7.74 Table 7-51: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance .................................... 7.76 Table 7-52: Selected Indicators and Measures – Groundwater .............................................. 7.78

Table 7-53: Project Interactions with Groundwater Valued Component .................................. 7.79 Table 7-54: Water Quality Comparison .................................................................................. 7.86

Table 7-55: Residual Effects to Groundwater ......................................................................... 7.88 Table 7-56: Groundwater Monitoring ...................................................................................... 7.90 Table 7-57: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance .................................... 7.91

Table 7-58: Selected Indicators and Measures – Surface Water Hydrology ........................... 7.92 Table 7-59: Project Interactions with Surface Water Quantity and Flow ................................. 7.92

Table 7-60: Predicted Lake Outflows, Lake Levels, and Flows for Dewatering of Lovell Lake and Existing Polishing and Tailings Ponds ................................... 7.96

Table 7-61: Predicted Lake Outflows and Lake Levels for Dewatering of Webb Lake ............ 7.96

Table 7-62: Changes in Catchment Areas - Operations ......................................................... 7.98 Table 7-63: Summary of Effects on Surface Water Quantity and Flow - Operations ............... 7.99

Table 7-64: Changes in Catchment Areas – Post-Closure ................................................... 7.101 Table 7-65: Summary of Effects on Surface Water Quantity and Flow – Post-Closure ......... 7.102 Table 7-66: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Surface Water

Quantity and Flow ......................................................................................... 7.103 Table 7-67: Significance of Residual Effects on Surface Water Quantity and Flow .............. 7.105

Table 7-68: Scope of the Monitoring Program for Effects on Surface Water Quantity and Flow ....................................................................................................... 7.109


Table of Contents Page lxii

Table 7-69: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance .................................. 7.110

Table 7-70: Selected Indicators and Measures – Water Quality ........................................... 7.111 Table 7-71: Project Interactions with Water Quality .............................................................. 7.112

Table 7-72: Metal Mining Effluent Regulations (MMER) and Municipal-Industrial Strategy for Abatement (MISA) limits ............................................................ 7.114

Table 7-73: Assumptions and values used in the Cormix modelling of a 12-port diffuser in Otto Lake ...................................................................................... 7.115

Table 7-74: Water quality guidelines for Otto Lake under GoldSim modelled conditions in the Otto Lake ............................................................................ 7.117

Table 7-75: Baseline concentrations (75th percentile) and water quality guidelines in Otto and Herman Lakes ................................................................................ 7.119

Table 7-76: On-site Waterbodies Directly Affected by Mine Infrastructure ............................ 7.122 Table 7-77: Change in Lake Levels during Operations Phase .............................................. 7.125

Table 7-78: Water quality modelling results in Otto and Herman Lake during the operations stage under average precipitation conditions ............................... 7.128

Table 7-79: Water quality modelling results in Otto and Herman Lake during the operations stage under 3 wettest consecutive years precipitation conditions ..................................................................................................... 7.130

Table 7-80: Water quality modelling results in Otto and Herman Lake during the operations stage under 3 driest consecutive years precipitation conditions ..................................................................................................... 7.132

Table 7-81: Concentrations1 within the effluent plume of substances greater than water quality guidelines relative to short-term ............................................... 7.135

Table 7-82: Water quality modelling results in Goudreau Lake under natural and accelerated filling conditions ......................................................................... 7.139

Table 7-83: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Surface Water Quality .......................................................................................................... 7.142

Table 7-84: Significance of Residual Effects on Surface Water Quality ................................ 7.144

Table 7-85: Scope of the Monitoring Program for Effects on Water Quality .......................... 7.148 Table 7-86: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance .................................. 7.149

Table 7-87: Selected Indicators and Measures – Sediment Quality ...................................... 7.150 Table 7-88: Project Interactions with Sediment Quality ........................................................ 7.150 Table 7-89: Concentrations Used to Predict and Evaluate Sediment Quality ....................... 7.153

Table 7-90: On-site Waterbodies Directly Affected by Mine Infrastructure ............................ 7.156 Table 7-91: Predicted Sediment Concentrations in Otto and Herman Lake Relative to

Sediment Quality Guidelines and Established Effects Levels ........................ 7.161 Table 7-92: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Stream and

Lake Sediments ............................................................................................ 7.165

Table 7-93: Significance of Residual Effects on Stream and Lake Sediments ...................... 7.167


Table of Contents Page lxiii

Table 7-94: Scope of the Monitoring Program for Effects on Sediment Quality .................... 7.171

Table 7-95: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance .................................. 7.172 Table 7-96: Selected Indicators and Measures – Visual Resources ..................................... 7.172

Table 7-97: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Visual Resources..................................................................................................... 7.177

Table 7-98: Significance of Residual Effects on Visual Resources ....................................... 7.179

Table 7-99: Summary of Fish Species Presence / Absence in Magino Mine Area Stream and Lake Habitat .............................................................................. 7.183

Table 7-100: Summary of Habitat Requirements for Various Life Stages of Key Sport Fish Found in the Vicinity of the Magino Gold Project ................................... 7.185

Table 7-101: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance ................................ 7.187

Table 7-102: Selected Indicators and Measures – Fish and Fish Habitat ............................. 7.189 Table 7-103: Project Interactions with Fish and Fish Habitat ................................................ 7.191

Table 7-104: Water Quality Guidelines for Herman Lake Epilimnion Layer under GoldSim Modelled Conditions in the Herman Lake Discharge Scenerio (Hardness = 429.7 mg/L as CaCO3 and pH= 7.6)......................................... 7.194

Table 7-105: Water Quality Guidelines for Herman Lake Epilimnion Layer under GoldSim Modelled Conditions in the Otto Lake Discharge Scenario (Hardness = 437.0 mg/L as CaCO3 and pH =7.6)......................................... 7.196

Table 7-106: Summary of total habitat (m2) lost for the development of the Magino Mine .............................................................................................................. 7.201

Table 7-107: Effects on Water Bodies and Watercourses .................................................... 7.206 Table 7-108: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Fish and

Fish Habitat ................................................................................................... 7.213 Table 7-109: Significance of Residual Effects on Lower Trophic Level, CRA Fish and

Fish Habitat ................................................................................................... 7.215 Table 7-110: Scope of Monitoring Program to Assess Effects on Fish and Fish Habitat

and the Effectiveness of Mitigation Measures .................................................. 219

Table 7-111: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance ................................ 7.220 Table 7-112: Selected Indicators and Measures – Terrestrial Vegetation ............................. 7.221

Table 7-113: Project Interactions with Terrestrial Vegetation ................................................ 7.222 Table 7-114: Effects on Upland Forest ................................................................................. 7.225 Table 7-115: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Terrestrial

Vegetation..................................................................................................... 7.229 Table 7-116: Significance of Residual Effects on Terrestrial Vegetation ............................... 7.231

Table 7-117: Scope of the Monitoring Program for Effects on Terrestrial Vegetation ........... 7.234 Table 7-118: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance ................................ 7.235 Table 7-119: Selected Indicators and Measures – Wetlands ................................................ 7.236

Table 7-120: Project Interactions with Wetlands ................................................................... 7.237


Table of Contents Page lxiv

Table 7-121: Effects on Organic/Peat Accumulating Wetlands ............................................. 7.241

Table 7-122: Effects on Mineral Wetlands ............................................................................ 7.244 Table 7-123: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Wetlands ............. 7.246

Table 7-124: Significance of Residual Effects on Wetlands .................................................. 7.247 Table 7-125: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance ................................ 7.249 Table 7-126: Selected Indicators and Measures – Significant Wildlife Habitat ...................... 7.250

Table 7-127: Project Interactions with Significant Wildlife Habitat......................................... 7.251 Table 7-128: Effects on Moose Calving, Aquatic Feeding, and Late Winter Cover

Areas ............................................................................................................ 7.254 Table 7-129: Effects on Amphibian Breeding Areas ............................................................. 7.256 Table 7-130: Effects on Species of Special Concern ............................................................ 7.257

Table 7-131: Effects Criteria and Effects Level Definitions for Determining Significance on Significant Wildlife Habitat .................................................... 7.260

Table 7-132: Significance of Residual Effects on SWH ........................................................ 7.261 Table 7-133: Scope of the Monitoring Program for Effects on Significant Wildlife

Habitat .......................................................................................................... 7.265 Table 7-134: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance ................................ 7.266 Table 7-135: Selected Indicators and Measures – Migratory and Breeding Birds ................. 7.267

Table 7-136: Project Interactions with Migratory and Breeding Birds .................................... 7.268 Table 7-137: Potential Effects on Canopy Warblers and their Habitat .................................. 7.270

Table 7-138: Canopy Warblers and Sensitivity to Size of Breeding Habitat .......................... 7.271 Table 7-139: Potential Effects on Waterfowl and their Habitat .............................................. 7.272 Table 7-140: Potential Effects on Raptors and their Habitat ................................................. 7.273

Table 7-141: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Migratory and Breeding Birds ....................................................................................... 7.275

Table 7-142: Significance of Residual Effects on Migratory and Breeding Birds ................... 7.276 Table 7-143: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance ................................ 7.278 Table 7-144: Selected Indicators and Measures – Mammals ............................................... 7.279

Table 7-145: Project Interactions with Mammals .................................................................. 7.281 Table 7-146: Effects on Bear and Their Habitat .................................................................... 7.283

Table 7-147: Effects on Moose and Pathways of Connectivity ............................................. 7.285 Table 7-148: Effects on Furbearing Mammals ...................................................................... 7.287 Table 7-149: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Mammals ............ 7.290

Table 7-150: Significance of Residual Effects on Mammals ................................................. 7.292 Table 7-151: Scope of the Monitoring Program for Effects on Mammals .............................. 7.297

Table 7-152: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance ................................ 7.298 Table 7-153: Selected SAR Species (Indicators), Rationale and Selected Measures ........... 7.300


Table of Contents Page lxv

Table 7-154: Project Interactions with Species at Risk ......................................................... 7.301

Table 7-155: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Species at Risk (Threatened and Endangered) .............................................................. 7.304

Table 7-156: Significance of Residual Effects on Threatened and Endangered SAR ........... 7.306 Table 7-157: Scope of the Monitoring Program for Effects on Threatened or

Endangered SAR .......................................................................................... 7.308

Table 7-158: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance ................................ 7.309 Table 7-159: Selected Indicators and Measures – Population and Demographics ............... 7.309

Table 7-160: Project Interactions with Population and Demographics .................................. 7.310 Table 7-161: Scope of the Monitoring Program for Effects on Population and

Demographics ............................................................................................... 7.314

Table 7-162: Selected Indicators and Measures – Community Vitality ................................. 7.315 Table 7-163: Project Interactions with Community Vitality .................................................... 7.316

Table 7-164: Summary of Effects on Selected Points of Reception in the Local Study Area .............................................................................................................. 7.322

Table 7-165: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Community Vitality ........................................................................................................... 7.330

Table 7-166: Significance of Residual Effects on Community Vitality ................................... 7.332

Table 7-167: Selected Indicators and Measures – Infrastructure and Services .................... 7.334 Table 7-168: Project Interactions with Infrastructure and Services ....................................... 7.335

Table 7-169: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Infrastructure and Services ................................................................................................. 7.340

Table 7-170: Significance of Residual Effects on Infrastructure and Services ...................... 7.342

Table 7-171: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance ................................ 7.345 Table 7-172: Selected Indicators and Measures – Land Use and Tourism ........................... 7.345

Table 7-173: Project Interactions with Land Use and Tourism .............................................. 7.346 Table 7-174: Summary of Effects on Selected Points of Reception in the Local Study

Area .............................................................................................................. 7.352

Table 7-175: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Land Use and Tourism .................................................................................................. 7.357

Table 7-176: Significance of Adverse Residual Effects on Land Use and Tourism ............... 7.359 Table 7-177: Selected Indicators and Measures – Employment and Business

Opportunities ................................................................................................ 7.362

Table 7-178: Project Interactions with Employment and Business Opportunities .................. 7.363 Table 7-179: Magino Mine – Estimated Provincial Economic Impact by Phase (USD) ......... 7.366

Table 7-180: Magino Mine – Estimated National Economic Impact by Phase (USD) ........... 7.367 Table 7-181: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance ................................ 7.373 Table 7-182: Selected Indicators and Measures – Government Revenues .......................... 7.374


Table of Contents Page lxvi

Table 7-183: Project Interactions with Government Revenues ............................................. 7.374

Table 7-184: Magino Mine – Estimated Government Revenue (USD) .................................. 7.377 Table 7-185: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance ................................ 7.380

Table 7-186: Selected Indicators and Measures – Aboriginal Employment and Business Opportunities ................................................................................. 7.381

Table 7-187: Project Interactions with Aboriginal Employment and Business Opportunities ................................................................................................ 7.382

Table 7-188: Scope of the Monitoring Program for Effects on Aboriginal Employment and Business Opportunities .......................................................................... 7.388

Table 7-189: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance ................................ 7.390 Table 7-190: Selected Indicators and Measures – Traditional Use of Lands and

Resources..................................................................................................... 7.391 Table 7-191: Project Interactions with Traditional Use of Lands and Resources .................. 7.392

Table 7-192: Summary of Effects on Selected Points of Reception – Traditional Use of Lands and Resources ............................................................................... 7.402

Table 7-193: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Traditional Use of Lands and Resources ........................................................................ 7.405

Table 7-194: Significance of Residual Effects on Traditional Use of Lands and Resources..................................................................................................... 7.406

Table 7-195: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance ................................ 7.408

Table 7-196: Selected Indicators and Measures – Aboriginal Cultural Activities and Special Places .............................................................................................. 7.410

Table 7-197: Project Interactions with Aboriginal Cultural Activities and Special Places ....... 7.411

Table 7-198: Summary of Effects on Selected Points of Reception – Aboriginal Cultural Activities and Spiritual Sites ............................................................. 7.414

Table 7-199: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Aboriginal Cultural Activities and Special Places ........................................................... 7.421

Table 7-200: Significance of Residual Effects on Aboriginal Cultural Activities and Special Places .............................................................................................. 7.423

Table 7-201: Summary of Residual Effects of the Project and Their Significance ................. 7.428

Table 7-202: Project Interactions with Air Quality (Updated) ................................................ 7.444 Table 7-203: Significance of Residual Effects on Air Quality ................................................ 7.446 Table 7-204: Project Interactions with Noise ........................................................................ 7.448

Table 7-205: Significance of Residual Effects on Noise ....................................................... 7.450 Table 7-206: Project Interactions with Vibration ................................................................... 7.451

Table 7-207: Significance of Residual Effects on Vibration .................................................. 7.452 Table 7-208: Project Interactions with Light .......................................................................... 7.453 Table 7-209: Significance of Residual Effects on Light ......................................................... 7.454


Table of Contents Page lxvii

Table 7-210: Project Interactions with Greenhouse Gases ................................................... 7.455

Table 7-211: Project Interactions with Terrains and Soils ..................................................... 7.456 Table 7-212: Significance of Residual Effects on Terrain and Soils ...................................... 7.458

Table 7-213: Project Interactions with Groundwater ............................................................. 7.459 Table 7-214: Residual Effects to Groundwater ..................................................................... 7.461 Table 7-215: Project Interactions with Hydrology (Surface Water Flow and Quantity) .......... 7.462

Table 7-216: Significance of Residual Effects on Surface Water Quantity and Flow ............ 7.465 Table 7-217: Project Interactions with Water Quality ............................................................ 7.466

Table 7-218: Significance of Residual Effects on Surface Water Quality .............................. 7.471 Table 7-219: Project Interactions with Streams and Lake Sediments ................................... 7.472 Table 7-220: Significance of Residual Effects on Stream and Lake Sediments .................... 7.474

Table 7-221: Project Interactions with Visual Resources ...................................................... 7.476 Table 7-222: Significance of Residual Effects on Visual Resources ..................................... 7.477

Table 7-223: Project Interactions with Fish Habitat .............................................................. 7.478 Table 7-224: Significance of Residual Effects on Lower Trophic Level, CRA Fish and

Fish Habitat ................................................................................................... 7.482 Table 7-225: Project Interactions with Terrestrial Vegetation ................................................ 7.484 Table 7-226: Significance of Residual Effects on Terrestrial Vegetation ............................... 7.486

Table 7-227: Project Interactions with Wetlands ................................................................... 7.487 Table 7-228: Significance of Residual Effects on Wetlands .................................................. 7.489

Table 7-229: Project Interactions with Significant Wildlife Habitat......................................... 7.490 Table 7-230: Significance of Residual Effects on Significant Wildlife Habitat ........................ 7.492 Table 7-231: Project Interactions with Migratory and Breeding Birds .................................... 7.493

Table 7-232: Significance of Residual Effects on Migratory and Breeding Birds ................... 7.495 Table 7-233: Project Interactions with Mammals .................................................................. 7.495

Table 7-234: Significance of Residual Effects on Mammals ................................................. 7.498 Table 7-235: Project Interactions with Species at Risk ......................................................... 7.500 Table 7-236: Significance of Residual Effects on Threatened and Endangered SAR ........... 7.501

Table 7-237: Project Interactions with Community Vitality .................................................... 7.502 Table 7-238: Significance of Residual Effects on Community Vitality ................................... 7.505

Table 7-239: Project Interactions with Infrastructure and Services ....................................... 7.506 Table 7-240: Significance of Residual Effects on Infrastructure and Services ...................... 7.508 Table 7-241: Project Interactions with Land Use and Tourism .............................................. 7.510

Table 7-242: Significance of Adverse Residual Effects on Land Use and Tourism ............... 7.512 Table 7-243: Project Interactions with Traditional Use of Land and Resources .................... 7.514


Table of Contents Page lxviii

Table 7-244: Significance of Residual Effects on Traditional Use of Lands and Resources..................................................................................................... 7.515

Table 7-245: Project Interactions with Aboriginal Cultural Activities and Special Places ....... 7.516

Table 7-246: Significance of Residual Effects on Aboriginal Cultural Activities and Special Places .............................................................................................. 7.518

Table 8-1: Summary of Accidents and Malfunctions by Project Phase ……………………….8.2 Table 8-2: Leakage Scenario ................................................................................................. 8.11 Table 8-3: Annual Consumption and On-Site Storage of Hydrocarbon ................................... 8.13 Table 8-4: Reagents and Hydrocarbon Consumption, Transportation and On-Site

Storage ........................................................................................................... 8.15 Table 8-5: Accidents and Malfunctions Rating Summary ....................................................... 8.24 Table 8-6: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance ...................................... 8.25 Table 9-1: Potential Effects of Flooding and Drought on the Project......................................... 9.2 Table 9-2: Potential Effects of Warmer Temperatures and Forest Fires ................................... 9.5 Table 9-3: Potential Effects from Storms .................................................................................. 9.8 Table 9-4: Potential Effects from Seismic Activity ................................................................... 9.12 Table 9-5: Overall Implications of Climate Change Trends ..................................................... 9.14 Table 10-1: Relevant Legislative Requirements and Other Guidance .................................... 10.4

Table 10-2: Selected Indicators and Measures – Human Health .......................................... 10.10

Table 10-3: Project Interactions with Human Health ............................................................. 10.10

Table 10-4: Human Health Receptor Locations .................................................................... 10.14

Table 10-5: Effects Criteria and Levels for Determining Significance ................................... 10.17

Table 10-6: Magnitude Levels for Human Health ................................................................. 10.18

Table 10-7: Significance of Residual Effects on Human Health ............................................ 10.20

Table 10-8: Monitoring Program for Human Health VC ........................................................ 10.21

Table 11-1: Magino Project - List of Valued Components and Indicators................................ 11.4

Table 11-2: Temporal Boundaries for the Magino Project ...................................................... 11.8

Table 11-3: Criteria for Determining Whether VC should be carried forward to Step 2 ......... 11.11

Table 11-4: Screening Considerations for Atmospheric, Physical and Biological VCs to Carry Forward to Step 2 ................................................................................. 18

Table 11-5: Scoping of VCs for Cumulative Effects Assessment ............................................... 24

Table 11-6: Summary of VCs and Residual Effects Retained for Cumulative Effects Assessment (Step 2) .......................................................................................... 36

Table 11-7: Temporal Boundaries for Cumulative Effects Assessment ................................ 11.40

Table 11-8: List of Past Mining and Forestry Activities and their Potential for Cumulative Effects ........................................................................................ 11.44

Table 11-9: Parks and Protected Areas in the Vicinity of the Project .................................... 11.53


Table of Contents Page lxix

Table 11-10: Relevance Criteria for the Potential Additive and Synergetic Cumulative Effects for Current and Future Activities ........................................................ 11.56

Table 11-11: Existing Active Mines and their Potential for Cumulative Effects...................... 11.58

Table 11-12: Existing Active Mineral Exploration and their Potential for Cumulative Effects ........................................................................................................... 11.59

Table 11-13: Existing Power Generation Facilities their Potential for Cumulative Effects ........................................................................................................... 11.60

Table 11-14: Existing Forestry Facilities and Harvesting and their Potential for Cumulative Effects ........................................................................................ 11.60

Table 11-15: List of Future Activities and their Potential for Cumulative Effects ................... 11.61

Table 11-16: Current and Future Activities Relevant for Cumulative Effects ......................... 11.63

Table 11-17: Matrix of Interaction for Current and Future Activities with Magino Project .......................................................................................................... 11.66

Table 11-18: Upland Forest and Bare Ground / Disturbed Vegetation Communities within RSA .................................................................................................... 11.70

Table 11-19: Vegetation of the RSA ..................................................................................... 11.72

Table 11-20: Raptor Species Observed within the RSA ....................................................... 11.75

Table 11-21: Marsh Bird Species Observed within the RSA ................................................. 11.77

Table 11-22: Waterfowl Species Observed within the RSA .................................................. 11.77

Table 11-23: Furbearer Harvest Estimates in the RSA ......................................................... 11.83

Table 11-24: VCs Carried Forward for Cumulative Effects Assessment and Residual Effects of Concern ........................................................................................ 11.86

Table 11-25: Indicators and Measurable Parameters for Cumulative Effects within the RSA .............................................................................................................. 11.87

Table 11-26: Comparison of the Magino Project GHG ......................................................... 11.88

Table 11-27: Effects of Magino Project on Upland Forest within RSA .................................. 11.90

Table 11-28: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Terrestrial Vegetation within the RSA ............................................................................ 11.92

Table 11-29: Terrestrial Vegetation - Significance of Magino Project Residual Effects Compared to Significance of Expected Cumulative effects within RSA ......... 11.96

Table 11-30: Effects of Magino Project on Organic/Peat Accumulating Wetlands within RSA .................................................................................................... 11.97

Table 11-31: Effects of Magino Project on Mineral Wetlands within RSA ............................. 11.98

Table 11-32: Criteria and Effects Level for Determining Significance on Wetlands within RSA .................................................................................................. 11.100

Table 11-33: Effects on Moose Calving, Aquatic Feeding, and late Winter Cover Areas within RSA ........................................................................................ 11.103

Table 11-34: Effects on Amphibian Breeding Areas within RSA ......................................... 11.104

Table 11-35: Effects on Species of Special Concern within RSA ....................................... 11.105


Table of Contents Page lxx

Table 11-36: Effects Criteria and Effects Level Definitions for Determining Significance on Significant Wildlife Habitat within RSA ............................... 11.106

Table 11-37: Significance of Magino Project Residual Effects and Potential Cumulative Effects on Significant Wildlife Habitat within RSA ..................... 11.111

Table 11-38: Selected Indicators and Measures – Migratory and Breeding Birds ............... 11.112

Table 11-39: Potential Effects on Canopy Warblers and their Habitat ................................ 11.114

Table 11-40: Canopy Warblers and Sensitivity to Size of Breeding Habitat ........................ 11.114

Table 11-41: Potential Effects on Waterfowl and their Habitat ............................................ 11.115

Table 11-42: Potential Effects on Raptors and their Habitat ............................................... 11.117

Table 11-43: Criteria and Effects Levels for Determining Significance on Migratory and Breeding Birds ..................................................................................... 11.118

Table 11-44: Significance of Magino Project Residual Effects and Potential Cumulative Effects on Migratory and Breeding Birds within RSA ................ 11.121

Table 11-45: Significance of Cumulative Effects for Current and Future Activities .............. 11.124

Table 12-1: Michipicoten First Nation Engagement Summary .............................................. 12.34

Table 12-2: Missanabie Cree First Nation Engagement Summary ....................................... 12.61

Table 12-3: Métis Nation of Ontario Engagement Summary................................................. 12.93

Table 12-4: Batchewana First Nation Engagement Summary ............................................ 12.107

Table 12-5: Red Sky Métis Independent Nation Engagement Summary ............................ 12.115

Table 12-6: Garden River First Nation Engagement Summary ........................................... 12.121

Table 12-7: Pic Mobert First Nation Engagement Summary ............................................... 12.122

Table 12-8: Michipicoten First Nation – Key Comments and Responses............................ 12.125

Table 12-9: Missanabie Cree First Nation – Key Comments and Responses ..................... 12.137

Table 12-10: Métis Nation of Ontario – Key Comments and Response .............................. 12.152

Table 12-11: Batchewana First Nation – Key Comments and Responses .......................... 12.160

Table 12-12: Red Sky Métis Independent Nation – Key Comments and Responses .......... 12.169

Table 12-13: Michipicoten First Nation – Record of Engagement ....................................... 12.182

Table 12-14: Missanabie Cree First Nation – Record of Engagement ................................ 12.228

Table 12-15: Métis Nation of Ontario – Record of Engagement ......................................... 12.276

Table 12-16: Batchewana First Nation – Record of Engagement ....................................... 12.312

Table 12-17: Red Sky Métis Independent Nation – Record of Engagement ....................... 12.328

Table 12-18: Garden River First Nation – Record of Engagement ..................................... 12.342

Table 12-19: Pic Mobert First Nation – Record of Engagement .......................................... 12.345

Table 13-1: Key Comments/Questions Raised During Public Consultation and Prodigy Gold Responses ................................................................................ 13.9

Table 13-2: Township of Dubreuilville Record of Communications ....................................... 13.17


Table of Contents Page lxxi

Table 13-3: Municipality of Wawa Record of Communications ............................................. 13.26

Table 13-4: White River Record of Communications ............................................................ 13.32

Table 13-5: Other Interested Parties Record of Communications ......................................... 13.35

Table 14-1: Magino Mine – Estimated Provincial Economic Impact by Phase (USD) ............. 14.3

Table 14-2: Magino Mine – Estimated National Economic Impact by Phase (USD) ............... 14.4

Table 15-1: Summary of total fish habitat (m2) lost to the Magino Mine .................................. 15.4

Table 15-2: Breakdown of stream fish habitat (m2) by waterbody and watershed lost to the development of the Magino Mine .......................................................... 15.4

Table 15-3: Breakdown of waterbody fish habitat (m2) by waterbody and watershed lost to the development of the Magino Mine .................................................... 15.6

Table 15-4: Preliminary Schedule for Other Permits, Approvals and Authorizations ............... 15.9

Table 16 1: List of EMPs for the Magino Project ..................................................................... 16.8


Table of Contents Page lxxii

FIGURES

Figure 1-1: Project Location ..................................................................................................... 1.5

Figure 1-2: Magino Claims Map ............................................................................................... 1.8

Figure 1-3: Project Phases and Schedule .............................................................................. 1.10 Figure 3-1: Existing Buildings and Structures ........................................................................... 3.2

Figure 3-2: Existing Landfill Area ‐ Aerial View ......................................................................... 3.3

Figure 3-3: Existing Primary Tailings Pond from Main Embankment Looking East ................... 3.4

Figure 3-4: Existing Tailing Facility Polishing Pond ‐ Facing West............................................ 3.4

Figure 3-5: Magino Project Geological Map ............................................................................. 3.6

Figure 3-6: Typical Mixed Forest at the Magino Property ......................................................... 3.9

Figure 3-7: Typical Beaver Activity on the Magino Property ................................................... 3.10

Figure 3-8: Magino Mine First Nations and Community Context ............................................. 3.13 IRC-7 1: Impacted Areas on the Magino Site Spring-Lovell Watershed .................................. 4.33

IRC-7 2: Impacted Areas on the Magino Site Webb-Goudreau .............................................. 4.34

IRC-7 3: Impacted Areas on the Magino Site Herman-Otto Watershed ................................. 4.35

IRC-8 1: Fish and Fish Habitat in Lake 9 ................................................................................ 4.40

IRC-8 2: Fish and Fish Habitat in Lake 7 ............................................................................... 4.41

IRC-8 3: Fish and Fish Habitat in Lake 8 ............................................................................... 4.42

IRC-8 4: Fish and Fish Habitat in Wetland 6 ......................................................................... 4.43

IRC-8 5: Fish and Fish Habitat in Otto Lake .......................................................................... 4.44

IRC-8 6: Fish and Fish Habitat in Herman Lake .................................................................... 4.45



IRC-8 9: Fish and Fish Habitat in Tailings Pond .................................................................... 4.48

IRC-8 10: Fish and Fish Habitat in Polishing Pond ................................................................ 4.49

IRC-8 11: Fish and Fish Habitat in Wetland 11 ...................................................................... 4.50

IRC-8 12: Fish and Fish Habitat in Wetland 4 and Wetland 5 ................................................ 4.51

IRC-8 13: Fish and Fish Habitat in McVeigh Tributary ........................................................... 4.52

IRC-8 14: Fish and Fish Habitat in Lovell Lake...................................................................... 4.53

IRC-8 15: Fish and Fish Habitat in Wetland 3 ....................................................................... 4.54

IRC-8 16: Fish and Fish Habitat in Spring Lake ..................................................................... 4.55

IRC-8 17: Fish and Fish Habitat in McVeigh Creek ............................................................... 4.56

IRC-8 18: Fish and Fish Habitat in Wetland 10 ...................................................................... 4.57

IRC-8 19: Fish and Fish Habitat in Webb Lake ...................................................................... 4.58


Table of Contents Page lxxiii

IRC-8 20: Fish and Fish Habitat in Dreany Lake ................................................................... 4.59

IRC-8 21: Fish and Fish Habitat in Mountain Lake ................................................................ 4.60

Figure 4-1: Air Quality, Noise, and Light Study Areas............................................................. 4.39

Figure 4-2: Vibration Study Areas .......................................................................................... 4.40

Figure 4-3: Climate Station Location ...................................................................................... 4.43

Figure 4-4: Regional Air Quality Monitoring Stations .............................................................. 4.46

Figure 4-5: Project Air Quality Monitoring Stations ................................................................. 4.48

Figure 4-6: Noise Monitoring Locations .................................................................................. 4.50

Figure 4-7: Sky Glow Measurement Locations ....................................................................... 4.52

Figure 4-8: Wind Rose for the Dispersion Meteorological Data Set ........................................ 4.56

Figure 4-9: Physical Environment Study Areas ...................................................................... 4.63

Figure 4-10: Hydrometric Monitoring stations ......................................................................... 4.67

Figure 4-11: Surface Water and Sediment Quality Stations ................................................... 4.69

Figure 4-12: LSA and PSA Topography ................................................................................. 4.71

Figure 4-13: Surficial Geology of the Project Study Area ........................................................ 4.73

Figure 4-14: Geotechnical Investigations ............................................................................... 4.75

Figure 4-15: Geotechnical Investigations – Southern Portion of Site ...................................... 4.76

Figure 4-16: The Michipicoten Greenstone Belt within the Wawa Subprovince ...................... 4.82

Figure 4-17: Geologic Structure ............................................................................................. 4.84

Figure 4-18: Fracture Frequency with Depth in the Central and Northern Portions of the PSA .......................................................................................................... 4.86

Figure 4-19: Fracture Frequency with Depth in the Southern Portion of the PSA ................... 4.87

Figure 4-20: Summary of Hydraulic Conductivity Testing at Individual Boring/Well Locations ........................................................................................................ 4.88

Figure 4-21: Potentiometric Surface Map ............................................................................. 4.104

Figure 4-22: Conceptual Hydrogeology Section A-A ............................................................ 4.105

Figure 4-23: Conceptual Hydrogeology Section B-B ............................................................ 4.106

Figure 4-24: Current and Prior Borings with VWP and Monitoring Well Completions ........... 4.109

Figure 4-25: Lake Water Level Fluctuations June to November 2013 .................................. 4.117

Figure 4-26: Biological Environmental Component Study Areas .......................................... 4.136

Figure 4-27: Parks, Reserves, and Conservation Preserves ................................................ 4.142

Figure 4-28: Regional, Local, and Project Study Area with Watersheds ............................... 4.146

Figure 4-29: Fisheries – Herman-Otto .................................................................................. 4.149

Figure 4-30: Fisheries – Spring-Lovell .................................................................................. 4.152

Figure 4-31: Fisheries – Webb-Goudreau ............................................................................ 4.154

Figure 4-32: Fish and Fish Habitat in Lake 9 ........................................................................ 4.156


Table of Contents Page lxxiv



Figure 4-35: Fish and Fish Habitat in Wetland 6 ................................................................... 4.163

Figure 4-36: Fish and Fish Habitat in Otto Lake ................................................................... 4.165

Figure 4-37: Fish and Fish Habitat in Herman Lake ............................................................. 4.168



Figure 4-40: Fish and Fish Habitat in Tailings Pond ............................................................. 4.174

Figure 4-41: Fish and Fish Habitat in Polishing Pond ........................................................... 4.176

Figure 4-42: Fish and Fish Habitat in Wetland 11 ................................................................. 4.178

Figure 4-43: Fish and Fish Habitat in Wetland 4 and Wetland 5 ........................................... 4.180

Figure 4-44: Fish and Fish Habitat in McVeigh Tributary ...................................................... 4.183

Figure 4-45: Fish and Fish Habitat in Lovell Lake ................................................................. 4.185


Figure 4-47: Fish and Fish Habitat in Spring Lake ................................................................ 4.189

Figure 4-48: Fish and Fish Habitat in McVeigh Creek .......................................................... 4.191

Figure 4-49: Fish and Fish Habitat in Wetland 10 ................................................................. 4.193

Figure 4-50: Fish and Fish Habitat in Webb Lake ................................................................. 4.195

Figure 4-51: Fish and Fish Habitat in Goudreau Lake .......................................................... 4.198

Figure 4-52: Ecoregion 3E ................................................................................................... 4.200

Figure 4-53: Herman-Otto Subwatershed - All Vegetation Distribution by Percent Area ....... 4.203

Figure 4-54: Herman-Otto Subwatershed - Upland Ecological Land Classification Community Distribution by Percent Area ....................................................... 4.204

Figure 4-55: Spring–Lovell Subwatershed - All Vegetation Cover by Percent Area .............. 4.205

Figure 4-56: Spring–Lovell Subwatershed - Upland Ecological Land Classification Community Distribution by Percent Area ....................................................... 4.206

Figure 4-57: Webb - Goudreau Subwatershed - All Vegetation Distribution by Percent Area .............................................................................................................. 4.207

Figure 4-58: Webb-Goudreau Subwatershed - Upland Ecological Land Classification Community Distribution by Percent Area ....................................................... 4.208

Figure 4-59: Terrestrial Vegetation Communities within the LSA .......................................... 4.209

Figure 4-60: Regional Study Area Wetland Vegetation Composition .................................... 4.212

Figure 4-61: Herman-Otto Wetland Type as a Percent of Total Wetland .............................. 4.214

Figure 4-62: Spring-Lovell Subwatershed - Wetland Type as a Percent of Total Wetland within the Local Study Area ............................................................. 4.216

Figure 4-63: Webb-Goudreau Subwatershed - Wetland Type as a Percent of Total Wetland ........................................................................................................ 4.218


Table of Contents Page lxxv

Figure 4-64: Wetland Communities within the LSA .............................................................. 4.220

Figure 4-65: Significant Wildlife Habitat and Species of Special Concern ............................. 4.227

Figure 4-66: Migratory and Breeding Bird Communities within the LSA................................ 4.236

Figure 4-67: Features of the Landscape Relevant to Mammals ........................................... 4.245

Figure 4-68: Species at Risk (SARA) Threatened and Endangered ..................................... 4.251

Figure 4-69: Regional Study Area – Social Environment ...................................................... 4.254

Figure 4-70: Regional Study Area – Primary Communities .................................................. 4.255

Figure 4-71: Local Study Area and Project Study Area – Social Environment ...................... 4.256

Figure 4-72: Population Trends - Dubreuilville (1989 - 2011) ............................................... 4.262

Figure 4-73: Population Trends - Wawa (1961 - 2011) ......................................................... 4.263

Figure 4-74: Population Trends - White River (1989 - 2009) ................................................ 4.263

Figure 4-75: Population Trends - Algoma District (1996 - 2011) ........................................... 4.264

Figure 4-76: Population Trends - Ontario (1996 - 2011) ....................................................... 4.264

Figure 4-77: One and Five-Year Mobility Status - Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District and Ontario (2011) ............................................................... 4.266

Figure 4-78: One-Year Mobility Status – Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District and Ontario (2006) ............................................................................ 4.267

Figure 4-79: Five-Year Mobility Status – Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District and Ontario (2006) ............................................................................ 4.268

Figure 4-80: Age Structure - Dubreuilville (1996 - 2011) ...................................................... 4.269

Figure 4-81: Age Structure - Wawa (1996 - 2011) ................................................................ 4.269

Figure 4-82: Age Structure - White River (1996 – 2011) ....................................................... 4.270

Figure 4-83: Age Structure - Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario (2011) ............................................................................................... 4.270

Figure 4-84: Age Structure – Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario (2006) ............................................................................................... 4.271

Figure 4-85: Knowledge of Official Languages - Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario (2011) .............................................................. 4.272

Figure 4-86: Language Spoken Most Often at Home - Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario (2011) .................................................... 4.273

Figure 4-87: Aboriginal Identity - Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario (2006 - 2011) ............................................................................. 4.274

Figure 4-88: Educational Attainment - Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario (2011) ........................................................................... 4.285

Figure 4-89: Educational Attainment - Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario (2006) ........................................................................... 4.286

Figure 4-90: Dwelling Characteristics – Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario (2011) ........................................................................... 4.288


Table of Contents Page lxxvi

Figure 4-91: Dwelling Characteristics - Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario (2006) ........................................................................... 4.289

Figure 4-92: Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario - Average Value of Owned Dwellings (2006 – 2011) ..................................................... 4.290

Figure 4-93: Local Study Area – Selected Social and Economic VCs .................................. 4.299

Figure 4-94: Primary Communities ....................................................................................... 4.300

Figure 4-95: Regional Study Area – Selected Social and Economic VC ............................... 4.301

Figure 4-96: LSA Mining Claims and Pending Dispositions .................................................. 4.304

Figure 4-97: Operating Mines in Northern Ontario ................................................................ 4.306

Figure 4-98: Magino Mine – Parks and Protected Areas ...................................................... 4.309

Figure 4-99: Labour Force Characteristics - Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District and Ontario (2006 - 2011) ................................................................. 4.313

Figure 4-100: Employment Rates - Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario (1996 - 2011) ............................................................................. 4.314

Figure 4-101: Unemployment Rates - Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario (1996 - 2011) ................................................................ 4.315

Figure 4-102: Median Individual Income Trends over Time – Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario (1995 – 2010) .............................. 4.316

Figure 4-103: Workforce by Industry – Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario (2006) ........................................................................... 4.319

Figure 4-104: Workforce by Industry – Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario (2011) ........................................................................... 4.320

Figure 4-105: Workforce by Occupation – Dubreulville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario (2006) ........................................................................... 4.323

Figure 4-106: Workforce by Occupation – Dubreuilville, Wawa, White River, Algoma District, and Ontario (2011) ........................................................................... 4.324

Figure 4-107: Contribution of Mining/Quarrying to Ontario GDP (2008 to 2013) ................... 4.330

Figure 4-108: Employment in Mining and Quarrying in Ontario and Canada (except oil and gas) (2008 to 2013) ................................................................................ 4.331

Figure 4-109: Magino Mine First Nation & Community Context ............................................ 4.334

Figure 4-110: Michipicoten First Nation Reserve Lands ....................................................... 4.338

Figure 4-111: Total Population by Age Group (2014) ........................................................... 4.340

Figure 4-112: Missanabie Cree First Nation Set-Aside and Transfer Lands ......................... 4.344

Figure 4-113: Batchewana First Nation Reserve Lands ....................................................... 4.348

Figure 4-114: Total Population by Age Group – Batchewana First Nation, Rankin Reserve (2006) ............................................................................................. 4.349

Figure 4-115: Total Population by Age Group – Batchewana First Nation, Goulais Bay Reserve 15A (2006) ...................................................................................... 4.351

Figure 4-116: Garden River First Nation Reserve Lands ...................................................... 4.354


Table of Contents Page lxxvii

Figure 4-117: Total Population by Age Group – Garden River First Nation (2011) ............... 4.355

Figure 4-118: Pic Mobert First Nation Reserve Lands .......................................................... 4.358

Figure 4-119: Total Population by Age Group – Pic Mobert First Nation (North and South Reserves) (2011) ................................................................................ 4.359

Figure 4-120: Screen Cap of Traplines / Trappers Cabins in Magino Area (Magpie FMP Trapline Areas Map 2009-2019) ........................................................... 4.386

Figure 5-1: Water Bodies Impacted by the Proposed Site Layout ............................................ 5.5

Figure 5-2: Approach to Evaluation of Alternative Methods ...................................................... 5.6

Figure 5-3: Powerline Alternatives.......................................................................................... 5.15

Figure 5-4: Access Road Alternatives .................................................................................... 5.19

Figure 5-5: Access Road Alternatives - Options from Hawk Junction ..................................... 5.21

Figure 5-6: Trends in Dewatering Tailings Technology (Davies et al., 2010) ........................ 5.128

Figure 5-7: Water Bodies Impacted by the Proposed Site Layout ........................................ 5.135

Figure 6-1: Regional Map ......................................................................................................... 6.3

Figure 6-2: Magino Site Map .................................................................................................... 6.4

Figure 6-3: Magino Project Site Layout .................................................................................... 6.6

Figure 6-4: Impacted Areas on the Magino Site ....................................................................... 6.7

Figure 6-5: Project Schedule .................................................................................................. 6.13

Figure 6-6: TMF Conceptual Design – Profile and Sections ................................................... 6.19

Figure 6-7: TMF Conceptual Design – Additional Details ....................................................... 6.20

Figure 6-8: Process Plant Site Layout .................................................................................... 6.24

Figure 6-9: Site Water Management ...................................................................................... 6.37

Figure 6-10: TMF Seepage Drainage System ........................................................................ 6.40

Figure 6-11: Magino Site – Bypass Road and Relocation of Power Line ................................ 6.44

Figure 6-12: Site and Pit Development Year -1 ...................................................................... 6.63

Figure 6-13: Site and Pit Development Year 1 ....................................................................... 6.64





Figure 6-18: Site and Pit Development Year 10 ..................................................................... 6.69

Figure 6-19: Gold Extraction Process Flowsheet .................................................................... 6.74

Figure 6-20: Water Balance for the Life of Project .................................................................. 6.80

Figure 6-21: Water Management Concepts for Closure-Post Closure Phase ......................... 6.94

Figure 7-1: Charge Weight versus Setback Distance for Ground Vibration ............................ 7.39


Table of Contents Page lxxviii

Figure 7-2: Charge Weight versus Setback Distance for Instantaneous Water Overpressure .................................................................................................. 7.40

Figure 7-3: Zone of Influence Pit Dewatering ......................................................................... 7.84

Figure 7-4: Seepage Water Management System .................................................................. 7.87 Figure 7-5: Mine Visibility from Selected Vantage Points ..................................................... 7.175 Figure 7-6: Renderings for Vantage Points with a Visual Resource Class Reduction ........... 7.176

Figure 7-7: Watershed Boundary ......................................................................................... 7.182 Figure 7-8: Example Aquatic Habitat Offset Projects ............................................................ 7.211

Figure 7-9: Selected Points of Reception in the Local Study Area – Community Vitality ........................................................................................................... 7.321

Figure 7-10: Selected Points of Reception in the Local Study Area – Land Use and Tourism ......................................................................................................... 7.351

Figure 7-11: Percentage of Total Jobs by Category for Magino Project Operations ............. 7.365

Figure 7-12: Average Weekly Wages by Industry in Canada ................................................ 7.368 Figure 7-13: Selected Points of Reception in the Local Study Area – Traditional Use

of Lands and Resources / Aboriginal Cultural Activities and Special Places ........................................................................................................... 7.395

Figure 7-14: Local and Regional Study Areas – Traditional Use of Lands and Resources / Aboriginal Cultural Activities and Special Places ....................... 7.396

Figure 8-1: Typical Packaging, Transportation and Storage of Cyanide Briquette 8.18

Figure 8-2: Risk Rating Matrix ................................................................................................ 8.23 Figure 10-1: Human Health Receptors ................................................................................. 10.13 Figure 11-1: Regional Map ................................................................................................... 11.41

Figure 11-2: Biological Environmental Component Study Areas .......................................... 11.42

Figure 11-3: LSA Mining Claims and Pending Dispositions .................................................. 11.46

Figure 11-4: Operating Mines in Northern Ontario ................................................................ 11.48

Figure 11-5: Magino Mine – Parks and Protected Areas ...................................................... 11.51

Figure 11-6: Regional Study Area – Selected Social and Economic VC ............................... 11.52

Figure 11-7: Ecoregion 3E ................................................................................................... 11.69

Figure 11-8: Regional Study Area Wetland Vegetation Composition .................................... 11.72 Figure 15-1: Federal Authorizations ...................................................................................... 15.3