macro photography close-up and macro photographyx

7/29/2019 Macro Photography Close-Up and Macro Photographyx

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Close-u p and Macr o Ph o t ogr aph y

Ken t Messam ore

9 / 5 / 2 0 1 1



Close-up and Macro Photography

Reproduction Ratio

Size of Subject related to Size it appears on “Sensor”

Same Size or Life size = 1:1 Ratio or 1X

Five Times = 5:1 Ratio or 5X

Close up Photography is generally 1:10 to 1:1

Macro Photography is generally 1:1 to 10:1 or 10X

Micro Photography is generally 10:1 up

JKM 9/5/2011 Enhanced Images 2

One Inch 1/4 Inch

= 1:4 Ratio or ¼ X

Camera

Sensor

Camera

Lens



Close-up and Macro Photography




Close-up & Macro equipment

Macro Lenses

Tripod, Remote Cable

Macro Focusing Rail

Extension Tubes

Bellows

Teleconverters

Lighting Equipment

Polarizer Filters

Macro Filters

Reflector

Plamp

Right Angle View Finder




Macro with a point & shoot


Point & Shoot Macro Icon

Macro Movies



Designed for Close-up photography

Also useful for general photography

Most are 1:1 Life size

Preferred choice for Close-upphotography

Expensive Canon 100 mm f/2.8 1X ($949)

Canon 60 mm f/2.8 1X ($409)

Canon 65 mm f/2.8 5X ($929)

Canon 180 mm f/3.5 1X ($1,300)

Nikon 60mm f/2.8 1X ($519)

Macro Lenses


Canon 180 mm f/2.8

Canon 65 mm

f/2.8 1 – 5X

Canon 100 mm f/2.8 1X

Nikon60 mm f/2.8 1X

Canon 60 mm f/2.8 1X



Tripod - Preventing Camera vibration

Requirements for a tripod to support Macro

Sturdy

Convenient height without center post

Legs flex to get close to ground

No or movable center post Joby GorillaPod – very nice portable &

flexible small tripod

Beanbag


Joby GorillaPod



Macro focusing Rail

Adorama Macro Focusing Rail ($180)

Extremely fine focusing adjustments

Movement in four directions

– right, left, forward, backward

Fits on most tripods




Extension Tubes

Enable lens to focus closer than normal

minimum focusing distance

Getting closer magnifies your subject

Converts almost any lens to a Macro lens


No optics, but create distance between lens and sensor

The greater the length of extension tube, closer lens can focus

Extension Tubes can be stacked to give even closer focus

Extension Tubes will cause loss of several stops of light

Loss of light will probably cause loss of auto-focus. Focus

Manually



Bellows

Similar to Extension Tubes, Bellows

increases distance between lens and

sensor.

Achieves a variety of ReproductionRations

Extended Monorail Bellows for

SLRs ($1750)




Teleconverters

Optical components that fit between lens and

camera

Usually 1.4x or 2x multipliers to lens focal

length Increase lens magnification without altering

minimum focus distance

Cause loss of light: 1.4x – 1 stop; 2x – 2 stops

Very slight loss in image quality Some lenses are incompatible with them


Canon 1.4x

$300

Canon 2x

$300

Nikon 2x

$300

Nikon 2x

$300



Lighting Equipment

Canon Ring Light ($495)

Canon Macro Twin Light ($729)

Nikon Macro Twin Light ($489)

Phoenix Flash Macro Ring Flash ($98)


Nikon

Canon

Canon

Third Party

(Phoenix)

http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/images/B000C0QGB0/sr=1-3/qid=1271015850/ref=dp_image_z_0?ie=UTF8&n=502394&s=photo&qid=1271015850&sr=1-3

http://www.amazon.com/Canon-MR-14EX-Macro-Digital-Cameras/dp/B00004WCI7/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&s=photo&qid=1271015580&sr=1-3



Polarizer Filter

Increases color saturation and contrast. Works on

blue not gray sky

Change the degree of polarization by rotating the

filter

Zero polarization into or away from sun.

Max effect perpendicular to line to the sun

Effect cannot be reproduced in post-production

Reduces light as much as 1- 2 stops; 2 stops at

full polarization effect.

Two types of Polarizer: Circular and Linear.

Only buy a Circular polarizer as it will have an

effect on both Linear and Circular polarized light.


Reduces reflections on non-metallic surfaces such as water and glass



Macro Filter

Extra lens placed in front of lens

Makes close-ups possible with

normal lens

Can be stacked to increaseeffect

Can soften image considerably

reducing quality

Not recommended. Use Extension Tubes instead




Reflector

12 Inch Silver & Gold Reflector ($10)

You might try making your own

reflector by taping a piece of

aluminum foil to a piece of cardboard.




Plamp

Wimberley Plamp ($37)

Clamps to Tripod

Great for Macro shots

Holds subject

Holds obstructing background

objects out of way

Steady windblown objects

Holds reflector, diffuser, flags




Right angle Finder

Canon Right Angle Finder ($180)

Nikon Right Angle Finder ($220)

Opteka Professional 1X-2.5X Right

Angle Viewfinder for Canon,Nikon ($50)


Canon Nikon Third Party (Opteka)

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Depth of Field

Point size object becomes a circle.

The circle size is a characteristic of the Lens and Focal Length.

What is acceptably sharp is acharacteristic of the human eye

Perfect lens would focus a point size objectat a point on the sensor

No lenses are perfect and Human eye canonly resolve a point size object down to asmall circle

Thus the point size object becomes a verysmall circle

As you scale the point size object to anentire photograph, some portions of thephotograph are sharply in focus and someare blurred

This is a very complex subject: Depth of Field is determined by:

f/stop or Aperture

Focal Length

Distance to the Subject

Lens sharpness

Sensor size

Print Size

Print viewing distance

Human eye characteristics


Object

Focal Length

S

e n s o r

LensDepth of Field

O

What is “Sharp” in a photograph?

For more depth on the subject try this link:http://www.cambridgeincolour.com/tutorials/depth-of-field.htm

Your eye perceives

sharpness within this

distance

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http://www.cambridgeincolour.com/tutorials/depth-of-field.htm








Depth of Field


Focus Point

Focus Point

Shallow DOF

Large DOF

1/3 2/3Distance: The greater the distance from the subject, the

greater the DOF. If you want more DOF, Step back . If

you want less DOF move close up

Control over DEF:

Three (3) things you can do to

control DOF:

Lens Focal Length:

Increasing focal

length reduces DOF.

Decreasing focal

Length increases

DOF. Telephotostypically have small

DOFs; Wide Angle

lenses have large

DOF.

Watch out for Zoom

Lenses as the DOF

changes as you

Zoom in and out.

f/stop: Decreasing aperture (increasing

f/stop) gives you greater DOF;

Increasing aperture reduces DOF. LessDOF – Open your lens; More DOF –

Stop it down.



Depth of Field

Hyperfocal distance is the closest distance at which a lens can be

focused while keeping objects at infinity acceptably sharp.

Focus 1/3 of way into scene for maximum Depth of Field

For practical Macro application

Focus on infinity

Look at Depth of Field Preview

Identify closest spot in scene which still remains sharp

Refocus on that spot Take the shot and you will have maximum DOF


Focus Point

Max DOF

1/3 2/3

Hyperfocal

Distance



Depth of Field

In Macro Photography we are pushingone of the key factors influencingDepth of Field.

The close r you r a re t o you r sub j ectt h e n ar r o w er y o u r DOF

50 mm lens at f/4 focused at 1 foot -

DOF = 1/16 inch 50 mm lens at f/11 focused at 1 foot -

DOF = 1/2 inch




For Maximum DOF keep sensor plane

parallel to subject to maximize DOF


Plane o f Sensor

Sensor equ id i s tan tf rom sub j ect



Dragon Flies


http://bugguide.net/node/view/15740 http://www.macro-photo.org/

http://bugguide.net/node/view/15740

http://www.macro-photo.org/




http://bugguide.net/node/view/15740



Butterflies


Westford Butterfly Place - https://butterflyplace-ma.com/ Butterfly Conservatory Deerfield, MA https://wwwmagicwings.net

https://butterflyplace-ma.com/

https://wwwmagicwings.net/

https://wwwmagicwings.net/

https://butterflyplace-ma.com/




Look for the proboscis



Bees




See if you can catch one flying




Arachnids

Spiders & Spider Webs are great Macro Subjects




Misc Bugs




Really big Bugs


Art Vaughn



Caterpillers




Reptiles


Blue Tongued Skank



Frogs




Flesh Eating Plants




Flower Buds




Beautiful Flowers




Shooting Flowers

Flowers usually have long stems whichare susceptible to small breezes

Use fast shutter speed

Use stick to stabilize stem (out of picture)

If you open the aperture to get more

light you will get narrow depth of field If you use high ISO you will get noise




Beautiful Flowers




Focusing in Closer




Mushrooms




Misc


Pepper Corns



Food – Hmmm!! Chocolate!!


macro photography close-up and macro photographyx

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