Lipids

Nutrition: Lipids Fats: are the most concentrated of the

energy-producing nutrients Animal fats:

from eggs, dairy products, and meats high in saturated fats and cholesterol

Vegetable fats: from avocados, olives, some nuts, and certain

vegetable oil rich in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated

fat.

Lipids Excess food is stored as fat in animals.

It is found in tissues and as butterfat in milk and other dairy products.

Recall Carbohydrates, to answer the following:

To break down the fat molecule to use it for energy or building blocks, we would add ….., in the process called...

Water…….Hydrolysis.

Lipid Functions

stored in the body cushions vital organs

protects us from extreme cold builds cell membranes helps the body absorb some

vitamins

Macromolecules: Lipids

Lipids are macromolecules made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (C,H,O). The ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is

much greater than 2:1. (Waaaay more H’s)

Lipids are made of fatty acids attached to alcohol.

Lipids: Triglycerides Useful for long-term storage of energy;

warmth; organ protection (cushion) What reaction took place?

Lipids

Types: Fats (Triglycerides)

Phospholipids

Cholesterol

Steroids

Lipids: Fat

Composed of fatty acids and glycerol

Dehydration Synthesis of Fat

Prentice Hall, Biology

Lipids: Saturated versus Unsaturated Fats

Too much fat = bad (heart disease) Unsaturated better than saturated

Also called trans fat

Lipids: Phospholipids Cell membranes, remember?

Lipids: Cholesterol Cholesterol is a large

lipid molecule located in the cell membranes of animals (helps to make it not so fluid).

In excess, it can form deposits and clog up the inner walls of blood vessels

Lipids: Steroids Many animal hormones are

steroids E.g., testosterone