LIGHTINGinHazardous (Classified) Locations

Topics

What is a Hazardous Location?

Who Classifies Hazardous Areas?

Common Hazardous Location Areas

Mechanics of Gas & Vapor Explosions

Lighting for Hazardous Locations

Hazardous Locations

Two Main Categories of Industrial Area Electrical Installations

Ordinary Locations Shock & Fire Hazards

Hazardous (Classified) Locations Explosion Hazards

Who Classifies Hazardous Areas?

Electrical Inspector

Engineer of Record

Owner

Expert

Insurance Company

MANUFACTURERS DO NOT CLASSIFY

Hazardous Locations

First Hazardous Areas

Hazardous Locations Hazardous Location Defined

Gases

Vapors Liquids

Dust Fibers/Flyings

Classes, Divisions & Groups

Class I- Gasses

Class II- Dust

Class III- Fibers/Flyings

Classes, Divisions & Groups

Classifications

“Divisions” (Zones)

Division 1 ( Zone 0 & 1 )

– Normally hazardous

– Normally present

Division 2 ( Zone 2 )

– Not normally hazardous

– Not normally present

Hazardous Locations

Hazardous Location Risks

Fire Explosion Breakdown Equipment Damage

Hazardous Locations

First Method of Protection

Common Hazardous Locations

Grain Delivery Elevator

Textile & Apparel Industry

Common Hazardous Locations

Waste Water Treatment Plant

Common Hazardous Locations

Refineries

Mechanics of an Explosion

Fire Triangle

Prevents Fire or Explosion

OXYGEN

FUEL

IGNITION

COMBUSTION

Hazardous Location Lighting

Explosion Proof Enclosures

Contain the explosion

Prevent the escape of hot gases

Allow only the cool gases to escape

XP Enclosure Explosion occurs inthe enclosure

Gases cool before reaching hazardous area

Hazardous Location Equipment

Hazardous Location Equipment

Common Flame-path

Threaded Joint

Hazardous Location Equipment

Common Flame-path

Ground/Flat Joint

Hazardous Location Equipment

Play - Explosion Demo Videos

Mechanics of an Explosion

Sources of Ignition

Arcing & Sparking Devices Sparking Metals Heat Static Electricity Loose Connections

Hazardous Location and LED

Key Issues

Safety

Harsh environments

Maintenance expenses

Lifecycle costs

Environmental pollution

SAFETYBeyond

Economic Impact $$

Maintenance Free Operation

Lower Temperature

Codes

Vibration, Corrosion,

Dust & Water

Resistance

Lighting Quality

Electrical Protection

& Reliability

Installation

Hazardous Location and LED –Safety

Hazardous Location and LED – Harsh Environments

Hazardous Location and LED –Maintenance Savings

Permit Paperwork Job Safety Analysis

Driving to jobsite Getting Equipment

Getting to fixture Fixture Setup

HID/FL Disposal Closing Permit

Average time to replace light fixture = 5 Hours

% of time using• Ladders – 60%• Man Lift – 20%• Bucket Truck – 15%• Scaffolding* – 5%

* Time to build Scaffolding• 10ft = 16 hrs• 20ft = 20 hrs

P Hours

Q Hours

R Hours

S Hours

Hazardous Location and LED

LED Advantages

Long Life Light Source

– Dim gradually over time

– LEDs rarely fail catastrophically

– Excellent lumen maintenance

– 70% sustained lumens at 60K hours

– Eliminates frequent maintenance

– Typical HID 7K to 15K

Durable Light Source

- Contain no filaments or glass

Hazardous Location and LED

LED Advantages

Long Life

Energy Efficient

Durable

Small Size

Mercury free

Instant On

Dimming capabilities

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Hazardous Location and LED

Directional Light source– Minimizes any wasted light– Places more light on task– Improves overall fixture efficiency

LED Conventional Lighting

Ref

lect

or

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Hazardous Location and LED

Instant Start

– Requires no warm up

– No loss of light at cold temperature

Environmentally Friendly

– Contains no mercury

– Energy efficient

– Reduced disposal cost

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LED fixtures have been well received for use in hazardous locations and harsh industrial

locations

Hazardous Location and LED

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Questions ?

Hazardous Location and LED