lessons learned from past notable disasters part ii a– pakistan’s earthquakes

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LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

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LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA . NATURAL DISASTERS FACED BY PAKISTAN. EARTHQUAKES. GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCE. CYCLONES. FLOODS. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS

PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna,

Virginia, USA 

Page 2: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

NATURAL DISASTERS FACED BY PAKISTAN NATURAL DISASTERS FACED BY PAKISTAN NATURAL DISASTERS FACED BY PAKISTAN NATURAL DISASTERS FACED BY PAKISTAN

EARTHQUAKES

CYCLONES

FLOODS

LANDSLIDES

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

DEVELOP POLICIES FOR ACTIONS HAVING HIGH BENEFIT/COST

DEVELOP POLICIES FOR ACTIONS HAVING HIGH BENEFIT/COST

GOAL: DISASTER GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCE RESILIENCE

GOAL: DISASTER GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCE RESILIENCE

Page 3: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

OCTOBER 8, 2005 PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKE

Page 4: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

KASHMIR EARTHQUAKE

8:50 AM OCTOBER 8, 2005M7.6

10 KM (6 MI) DEPTH79,000 DEAD IN PAKISTAN;

1,400 IN INDIACOLLAPSED SCHOOLS AND

HOSPITALS3 MILLION HOMELESS

Page 5: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

THE SEVERITY OF THE KASHMIR EARTHQUAKE

DAMAGE WAS RELATED TO ITS MAGNITUDE, SHALLOW DEPTH,

SOIL AMPLIFICATION, AND POOR BUILDING MATERIALS AND

CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES

Page 6: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

PAKISTAN PAKISTAN COMMUNITIESCOMMUNITIES

PAKISTAN PAKISTAN COMMUNITIESCOMMUNITIES

DATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATIONDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATION

HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

•HAZARD MAPS•INVENTORY•VULNERABILITY•LOCATION

EARTHQUAKE RISK EARTHQUAKE RISK

RISK

ACCEPTABLE RISK

UNACCEPTABLE RISK

TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCEDISASTER RESILIENCE

•PREPAREDNESS•PROTECTION•EMERGENCY RESPONSE•RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION

RISK MANAGEMENTRISK MANAGEMENT

Page 7: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

EARTHQUAKES

EARTHQUAKES LIKE THE 2005 QUAKE OCCUR MAINLY AS A RESULT OF

INTERACTIONS OF THE INDO-AUS-TRALIAN AND INDIAN (EURASIAN)

PLATES

Page 8: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

OCCURRENCE

• The earthquake occurred in the Main Boundary Thrust Zone (MBTZ), which runs along the Himalayan Arc for about 2,500 km.

• The epicenter was near Muzaffarabad, the capital of Pakistani administered Kashmir.

Page 9: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

OUTLOOK FOR THE FUTURE

• Experts believe that the October 8th earthquake released only about 10 percent of the accumulated strain energy.

Page 10: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES
Page 11: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

COLLISION OF INDO-AUSTRALIAN AND EURASIAN PLATES

COLLISION OF INDO-AUSTRALIAN AND EURASIAN PLATES

Page 12: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES

• PREPAREDNESS PLANNING FOR THE INEVITABLE STRONG GROUND MOTION IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

Page 13: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES

• PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

Page 14: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

GROUND SHAKING MAP

Page 15: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

INADEQUATE RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL GROUND SHAKING

EARTHQUAKESEARTHQUAKES

SOIL AMPLIFICATION

PERMANENT DISPLACEMENT (SURFACE FAULTING & GROUND

FAILURE)

IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN

TSUNAMI WAVE RUNUP

POOR DETAILING AND WEAK CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

FRAGILITY OF NON-STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

CAUSES OF DAMAGE

CAUSES OF DAMAGE

“DISASTER LABORATORIES”

“DISASTER LABORATORIES”

Page 16: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

ISLAMABAD

Page 17: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

MUZARAFFABAD

Page 18: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

BALAKOT

Page 19: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

BALAKOT

Page 20: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES

• PREPAREDNESS PLANNING FOR THE INEVITABLE GROUND FAILURE IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

Page 21: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

MUZAFFARABAD (LANDSLIDE)

Page 22: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

JAMMU, INDIA

Page 23: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES

• CAPACITY FOR EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

Page 24: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

ISLAMABAD

Page 25: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

ISLAMABAD

Page 26: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

MUZAFFARABAD

Page 27: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

MUZAFFARABAD

Page 28: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

LAHORE

Page 29: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

BALAKOT

Page 30: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

KASHMIR

Page 31: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

AFGHANISTAN

Page 32: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

MUZAFFARABAD FOOD LINE

Page 33: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

URI, INDIA

Page 34: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

URI, INDIA

Page 35: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

JABALA, INDIA

Page 36: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

RELIEF FROM USAID

Page 37: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

FOOD FROM CHINA

Page 38: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

FOOD DISTRIBUTION

Page 39: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

FOOD DISTRIBUTION

Page 40: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

KAMAL KOT, INDIA

Page 41: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES

• CAPACITY FOR RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

Page 42: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

TO ACHIEVE EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE - - - TO ACHIEVE EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE - - -

• ALL SECTORS OF THE COMMUNITY NEED TO HAVE A ROLE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF POLICIES THAT WILL LEAD TO COMMUNITY EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE.

• ALL SECTORS OF THE COMMUNITY NEED TO HAVE A ROLE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF POLICIES THAT WILL LEAD TO COMMUNITY EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE.

Page 43: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

LONG-TERM NEEDS OF PAKISTAN

• NEED: 2 TO 3 MILLION NEW DWELLINGS THAT ARE EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT.

• NEED: NEW SCHOOLS THAT ARE EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT.

• NEED: NEW HOSPITALS THAT ARE EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT.

• NEED: NEW INFRASTRUCTURE THAT IS EARTHQUAKE RESILIENT.

Page 44: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

STEPS TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE

STEPS TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE

• CONTINUOUS PUBLIC AWARENESS PROGRAMS

• EDUCATIONAL SURGES AND TRAINING FOR PROFESSIONALS

• EXPAND SEISMIC AND BUILDING MONITORING SYSTEMS

• EXPAND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

• CONTINUOUS PUBLIC AWARENESS PROGRAMS

• EDUCATIONAL SURGES AND TRAINING FOR PROFESSIONALS

• EXPAND SEISMIC AND BUILDING MONITORING SYSTEMS

• EXPAND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

• MODERN BUILDING CODES FOR NEW BUILDINGS

• MODERN STANDARDS FOR NEW INFRASTRUCTURE

• STRENGTHENING AND RETROFIT OF EXISTING STRUCTURES

• EXPAND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

• MODERN BUILDING CODES FOR NEW BUILDINGS

• MODERN STANDARDS FOR NEW INFRASTRUCTURE

• STRENGTHENING AND RETROFIT OF EXISTING STRUCTURES

• EXPAND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

Page 45: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS  PART II A– PAKISTAN’S EARTHQUAKES

STARTING POINTS STARTING POINTS

• IN-COUNTRY BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH

• LESSONS FROM THE OCTOBER 8, 2005 DISASTER

• IN-COUNTRY BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH

• LESSONS FROM THE OCTOBER 8, 2005 DISASTER

• GROUND SHAKING MAPS

• INFORMATION• EDUCATIONAL

SURGES AND TRAINING FOR COMMUNITY PROFESSIONALS

• GROUND SHAKING MAPS

• INFORMATION• EDUCATIONAL

SURGES AND TRAINING FOR COMMUNITY PROFESSIONALS