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LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

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Page 1: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS

NEW ZEALANDPART 1: FLOODS

Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna,

Virginia, USA 

Page 2: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

Natural Phenomena that Cause Disasters

Planet Earth’s Atmospheric-lithospheric Interactions Cause:

Floods

Page 3: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED DISASTERS IN NEW ZEALAND DISASTERS IN NEW ZEALAND

NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED DISASTERS IN NEW ZEALAND DISASTERS IN NEW ZEALAND

FLOODS

WINDSTORMS

EARTHQUAKES

VOLCANOES

ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE

GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

HIGH BENEFIT/COST PROGRAMS FOR BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT

HIGH BENEFIT/COST PROGRAMS FOR BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT

GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE AND COMMUNITIESAND COMMUNITIES

GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE AND COMMUNITIESAND COMMUNITIES

Page 4: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

ELEMENTS OF RISK AND DISASTER

Page 5: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

HAZARDSHAZARDSHAZARDSHAZARDS

ELEMENTS OF FLOOD RISK ELEMENTS OF FLOOD RISK ELEMENTS OF FLOOD RISK ELEMENTS OF FLOOD RISK

EXPOSUREEXPOSUREEXPOSUREEXPOSURE

VULNERABILITYVULNERABILITYVULNERABILITYVULNERABILITY LOCATIONLOCATIONLOCATIONLOCATION

RISKRISKRISKRISK

Page 6: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

RUGGED TOPOGRAPHY AND THE WAIMAKARIRI RIVER FLOODPLAIN

Page 7: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

The combination of torrential rain from summer rain storms and occasional

cyclones, and the steep slopes favorable for flash

floods leads to opportunities for disaster.

Page 8: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

FLOOD HAZARDS:

ARE POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS

Page 9: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

FLOOD HAZARDS

• TOO MUCH WATER DISCHARGED WITHIN THE DRAINAGE SYSTEM TO BE ACCOMMODATED IN THE REGIONAL WATER CYCLE

• INUNDATION

• EROSION

• SCOUR

• MUDFLOWS

Page 10: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

A DISASTER CAN HAPPENWHEN THE

POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS OF A FLOOD INTERACT WITH

THE VULNERABLE BUILT ENVIRONMENTS OF NEW

ZEALAND’S COMMUNITIES

A DISASTER CAN HAPPENWHEN THE

POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS OF A FLOOD INTERACT WITH

THE VULNERABLE BUILT ENVIRONMENTS OF NEW

ZEALAND’S COMMUNITIES

Page 11: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

NEW ZEALAND’S CITIES

Page 12: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

A DISASTER is ---

--- the set of failures that overwhelm the capability of a community to respond without external help  when three continuums: 1)  people, 2) community (i.e., a set of habitats, livelihoods, and social constructs), and 3) complex events (e.g., floods, earthquakes,..) intersect at a point in space and time.

Page 13: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

Disasters are caused by single- or multiple-event natural hazards that, (for various reasons), cause

extreme levels of mortality, morbidity, homelessness,

joblessness, economic losses, or environmental impacts.

Page 14: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

THE REASONS ARE . . .

• When it does happen, the functions of the community’s buildings and infrastructure will be LOST because they are UNPROTECTED with the appropriate codes and standards.

Page 15: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

THE REASONS ARE . . .

• The community is UN-PREPARED for what will likely happen, not to mention the low-probability of occurrence—high-probability of adverse consequences event.

Page 16: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

THE REASONS ARE . . .

• The community has NO DISASTER PLANNING SCENARIO or WARNING SYSTEM in place as a strategic framework for concerted local, national, regional, and international countermeasures.

Page 17: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

THE REASONS ARE . . .

• The community LACKS THE CAPACITY TO RESPOND in a timely manner to the full spectrum of expected and unexpected emergency situations.

Page 18: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

THE REASONS ARE . . .

• The community is INEFFICIENT during recovery and reconstruction because it HAS NOT LEARNED from either the current experience or the cumulative prior experiences.

Page 19: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

NOTABLE FLOOD DISASTERS

FEBRUARY 13, 2004

Page 20: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

FLOOD DISASTER OF 2004

• The flooding began on February 13, when a series of unusual summer storms that brought heavy rain and strong winds to the lower North Island.

Page 21: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

FLOOD DISASTER OF 2004

• The floods damaged at least 19 bridges, affected water and sewer systems, and knocked out power and communications for several days.

Page 22: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

FLOOD DISASTER OF 2004

• Instead of being beneficial to agriculture by adding rich soil, the 2004 floods destroyed crops and devastated cattle and sheep farmers.

Page 23: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

FLOOD DISASTER OF 2004

• As a result of 2004’s flooding, vegetable prices increased more than 200 percent.

Page 24: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

ECONOMIC LOSS:

ESTIMATED AT $200 million.

Page 25: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

NOTABLE FLOOD DISASTERS

SOUTH ISLAND DECEMBER 13, 2011

Page 26: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

THE CAUSE: FIVE DAYS OF TORENTIAL RAIN

• The flood started on 12/13/2011 and ended on 12/17/2011 11:59:59 PM, a duration of 5 days.

• This flood was assigned a severity class 2 (i.e. this is an extreme event with an estimated recurrence interval greater than 100 years).

Page 27: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

IMPACTS

The damage was widespread and in some cases spectacular, as walls of water and mud smashed through some houses and across roads, rendering them impassable, but no deaths.

Page 28: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

DEC. 13 FLOODING

Page 29: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

DEC. 13 FLOODING

Page 30: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

DEC. 13 FLOODING

Page 31: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

THE IMPACTS

• More than 100 people were evacuated from their homes.

• Collingwood was cut off for three days after a large portion of State Highway 60 was washed away by the one-in-100-year rainfall event.

Page 32: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

DEC. 13 FLOODING

Page 33: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

THE IMPACTS

• "Nelson and Tasman faced a massive clean-up bill from the destructive torrential downpour, which produced nearly three months' rain in just 24 hours.

Page 34: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

NOTABLE FLOOD IMAGES

Page 35: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

HIGH DISCHARGE AFTER A STORM

Page 36: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

FLOODING: WHAKATANE RIVER

Page 37: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

INUNDATION

Page 38: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

CHRISTCHURCH: FLOODING

Page 39: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

FLOODING: SOUTH ISLAND

Page 40: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

CYCLONE BOLA PASSED NEAR NEW ZEALAND : MARCH 1988

Page 41: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

FLOODING AFTER CYCLONE BOLA

Page 42: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

FLOODING

Page 43: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

FLOOD INDUCED LANDSLIDE

Page 44: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

ROAD WASHED OUT

Page 45: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

NEW ZEALAND’S NEXT FLOOD IS INEVITABLE

NEW ZEALAND’S NEXT FLOOD IS INEVITABLE

• ---SO, START IMPLEMENTING MEASURES FOR BECOMING MORE RESILIENT TO A FLOOD DISASTER NOW.

Page 46: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

THE ALTERNATIVE TO A FLOOD DISASTER IS

FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE

THE ALTERNATIVE TO A FLOOD DISASTER IS

FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE

Page 47: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

NEW NEW ZEALAND’S ZEALAND’S

COMMUNITIESCOMMUNITIES

NEW NEW ZEALAND’S ZEALAND’S

COMMUNITIESCOMMUNITIES

DATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATIONDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATION

HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

• FLOOD HAZARDS•INVENTORY•VULNERABILITY•LOCATION

FLOOD RISK FLOOD RISK

RISK

ACCEPTABLE RISK

UNACCEPTABLE RISK

FLOOD DISASTER FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCERESILIENCE

•PREPAREDNESS•PROTECTION•FORECASTS/SCENARIOS•EMERGENCY RESPONSE•RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION

POLICY OPTIONSPOLICY OPTIONS

Page 48: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL FLOODS PREPAREDNESS FOR ALL OF THE LIKELY FLOOD HAZARDS IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

Page 49: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL FLOODS PROHIBITING THE CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS AND LIFELINE SYSTEMS IN A RIVER FLOODPLAIN IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

Page 50: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL FLOODS EARLY WARNING AND EVACUATION PLANS TO MOVE PEOPLE TO SAFE HAVENS ARE ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

Page 51: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL FLOODS EFFICIENT AND TIMELY EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

Page 52: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS NEW ZEALAND PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL FLOODS TIMELY RECONSTRUCTION AND RESTORATION OF SERVICES TO NORMAL IS ESSENTIAL FOR RECOVERY AND DISASTER RESILIENCE


LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS ALGERIA PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS FROM PAST NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES. Part III Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance For Disaster Reduction

NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN CHINA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 4: WILDFIRES Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS FROM PAST NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES PART VIII Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS PERU PART 4: VOLCANOES Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN THE USA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

FLOODS IN REPUBLIC OF GEORGIA June 13-15, 2015 Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction,…

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS. THE PHILIPPINES. PART 2: TYPHOONS, FLOODS, AND LANDSLIDES Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction,

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS TURKEY PART 2: STORMS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

2013 REVIEW OF NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION 2013 REVIEW OF NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION Walter Hays, Global Alliance

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS ALGERIA PART 1: FLOODS

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS RUSSIA PART 5: WILDFIRES Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS JAPAN PART 1A: EARTHQUAKES Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS FROM PAST NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES PART VI Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS. TAIWAN PART 2: TYPHOONS, FLOODS, AND LANDSLIDES

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS KAZAKHSTAN PART 2: EARTHQUAKE Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

NOTABLE HISTORIC FLOODS IN EUROPE Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

Part 4. 2014 notable disasters. floods

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS CHILE PART 5: WILDFIRES Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

FLOODS IN GHANA June 5, 2015 Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction,

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS. PART II B – PAKISTAN’S FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS CHILE PART 2: WINDSTORMS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS FROM PAST NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES. Part I Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS INDIA PART 1: FLOODS (NOTE: FLOODS ALSO TRIGGER LANDSLIDES) Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction,

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS INDIA PART 3: EARTHQUAKES Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS EGYPT PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS CHILE PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS EGYPT PART 1: FLOODS

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS MEXICO PART 3B: EARTHQUAKE VULNERABILITY OF BUILDINGS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction,

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS TURKEY PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS KAZAKHSTAN PART 1: FLOODS