Lesson 3: Vocabulary Lesson 3: Vocabulary SkillsSkills

Competency Goal 6.01Competency Goal 6.01

Numismatist? Indefatigable? Numismatist? Indefatigable? Quisling? Traduce? Zyzzyva?Quisling? Traduce? Zyzzyva?

RELAX!!!RELAX!!!

There’s no way to know EVERY word There’s no way to know EVERY word that you’ll see on the EOG.that you’ll see on the EOG.

However, knowing other basic words, However, knowing other basic words, will help you figure some of these will help you figure some of these words out.words out.

Let’s see how this works:Let’s see how this works:

Spencer, usuallly a quiet guy, became Spencer, usuallly a quiet guy, became positivelypositively

garrulousgarrulous whenever anyone mentioned his all- whenever anyone mentioned his all-timetime

favorite TV show, favorite TV show, The Brady BunchThe Brady Bunch..

1. What is the meaning of the word 1. What is the meaning of the word garrulousgarrulous as it is used in the sentence?as it is used in the sentence?

a.a. FranticFranticb.b. FriendlyFriendlyc.c. TalkativeTalkatived.d. DisturbedDisturbed

Look at other words that you Look at other words that you know!!know!!

You saw the words “positively” and You saw the words “positively” and “all-time favorite” used to describe “all-time favorite” used to describe Spencer’s feelings about Spencer’s feelings about The Brady The Brady BunchBunch, right?, right?

Use process of elimination: rule out Use process of elimination: rule out any negative words (frantic, disturbed)any negative words (frantic, disturbed)

Friendly sounds good, BUT because Friendly sounds good, BUT because we are told in the statement that we are told in the statement that Spencer is “usually quiet,” Spencer is “usually quiet,” garrulousgarrulous must mean the opposite.must mean the opposite.

Tip #1Tip #1

Look for other words in the sentence or Look for other words in the sentence or paragraph that have a meaning similar paragraph that have a meaning similar to the unknown word.to the unknown word.Remember synonyms? Words that have Remember synonyms? Words that have

the same meaning.the same meaning.

Ex. Moe was obviously Ex. Moe was obviously vexedvexed; Larry never ; Larry never had seen him looking so annoyed with had seen him looking so annoyed with Curly.Curly.

Which word is similar to Which word is similar to vexedvexed??

Moe was obviously Moe was obviously vexedvexed; Larry ; Larry had never seen him looking so had never seen him looking so

annoyed with Curly.annoyed with Curly. In the sentence about Moe, what is In the sentence about Moe, what is

the meaning of the word the meaning of the word vexedvexed??

a.a. BoredBored

b.b. IrritatedIrritated

c.c. IdioticIdiotic

d.d. EntertainedEntertained

Tip #2Tip #2 Look for causes and effects Look for causes and effects

connected to the unknown word.connected to the unknown word. The amateur magician grew more and The amateur magician grew more and

more more chagrinedchagrined as members of her as members of her audience yelled out the supposed audience yelled out the supposed secret to every trick.secret to every trick.

What does What does chagrinedchagrined mean (use mean (use cause/effect method)?cause/effect method)?a.a. EnthusiasticEnthusiastic

b.b. FrightenedFrightened

c.c. ConfidentConfident

d.d. EmbarrassedEmbarrassed

Tip #3Tip #3

Look for clues showing that the Look for clues showing that the unknown word fits into a category.unknown word fits into a category. If a word appears in a list of things or in a description of a If a word appears in a list of things or in a description of a

scene, you should be able to guess its meaning by the way it scene, you should be able to guess its meaning by the way it fits into a category.fits into a category.

Example: Tom, the native North Carolinian and well-known Example: Tom, the native North Carolinian and well-known sculptor, prefers to work with pliable materials, such as sculptor, prefers to work with pliable materials, such as clay, wire, and soft metals.clay, wire, and soft metals.

What do clay, wire, and soft metals have in common?What do clay, wire, and soft metals have in common?

PliablePliable: lightweight? Sturdy? Flexible? Colorful?: lightweight? Sturdy? Flexible? Colorful?

Tip #4Tip #4

Look for clues that point to the opposite Look for clues that point to the opposite meaning of the unknown word.meaning of the unknown word.Antonym (opposite)Antonym (opposite)Example: What a shock! We had expected him to be Example: What a shock! We had expected him to be

morose, but he showed up at the party and danced morose, but he showed up at the party and danced until dawn, wearing a constant smile on his until dawn, wearing a constant smile on his untroubled face.untroubled face.

What words mean the opposite of What words mean the opposite of morosemorose??

What does What does morosemorose mean: sad? Late? Odd? Pleasant? mean: sad? Late? Odd? Pleasant?

Tip #5Tip #5 Watch out for multiple-meaning Watch out for multiple-meaning

words.words. What does What does courtcourt mean in the following mean in the following

statement?statement? Hillary knew that Big Ed meant to court her Hillary knew that Big Ed meant to court her

the moment he offered her the first swig from the moment he offered her the first swig from his diet root beer.his diet root beer.

a.a. Place where trials are heldPlace where trials are held

b.b. Surface for playing tennisSurface for playing tennis

c.c. To provoke or inciteTo provoke or incite

d.d. To seek the affections ofTo seek the affections of

Words can have multiple Words can have multiple meanings!!meanings!!

DenotativeDenotative: a word at its basic, : a word at its basic, dictionary definition.dictionary definition.

ConnotativeConnotative: when a word has : when a word has “extra” meaning“extra” meaningEx. hotEx. hot

Denotative: having a high temperatureDenotative: having a high temperatureConnotative: impressive, emotional, excited, Connotative: impressive, emotional, excited,

fresh, stolen, etc.fresh, stolen, etc.

Tip #6Tip #6

Learn your common roots, prefixes, Learn your common roots, prefixes, and suffixes!!!and suffixes!!!Copy the chart with prefixes in your Copy the chart with prefixes in your

notes from page 34.notes from page 34.Copy the chart with suffixes in your Copy the chart with suffixes in your

notes from page 36.notes from page 36.

Tip #7Tip #7

Plug in answer choices.Plug in answer choices.If you’ve tried all the previous If you’ve tried all the previous

strategies, do like you would in a math strategies, do like you would in a math problem, insert the answer choices in problem, insert the answer choices in the sentence and see which word fits the sentence and see which word fits best.best.

Ex. Melvin believed that someday the finger holes in Ex. Melvin believed that someday the finger holes in bowling balls would be obsolete; people would simply bowling balls would be obsolete; people would simply bowl telepathically, with their minds.bowl telepathically, with their minds.

Figure out what Figure out what obsoleteobsolete means: creative, difficult, means: creative, difficult, outdated, or plentiful?outdated, or plentiful?

Tip #8Tip #8

Use vocabulary techniques to answer Use vocabulary techniques to answer questions about idioms, technical questions about idioms, technical terms, figurative language, and terms, figurative language, and dialect.dialect.

Tip #9Tip #9

Create a sentence to help you Create a sentence to help you answer analogy questions.answer analogy questions.An analogy is a comparison between An analogy is a comparison between

two things. You must understand the two things. You must understand the relationship between the two words relationship between the two words given, in order to determine the correct given, in order to determine the correct answer.answer.

Look at the examples on the next slide.Look at the examples on the next slide.

1. Which of the following is most similar to the relationship below?

surgeon : doctor

a. Foot : body

b. Nurse : study

c. Painter : artist

d. Hospital : emergency

What about this one?What about this one?

2. Which of the following relationships 2. Which of the following relationships is is most similarmost similar to the relationship to the relationship below?below?

Ship : fleetShip : fleeta.a. Star : galaxyStar : galaxyb.b. Crew : airplaneCrew : airplanec.c. Planet : orbitPlanet : orbitd.d. View : skyscraperView : skyscraper

Tip #10 and #11Tip #10 and #11

Use a dictionary when available—Use a dictionary when available—don’t just skip over words you don’t don’t just skip over words you don’t know.know.

Learn new words wherever you can—Learn new words wherever you can—in the grocery store, at the mall, road in the grocery store, at the mall, road signs, etc.signs, etc.