Unit 2 Middle Ages, Renaissance and Reformation

Lesson 10 Henry VIII (DAD)

Henry VIII (DADLearning Target

Students can explain the importance of Henry VIII in the Reformation and list the basic reforms Henry VIII made during the Reformation

Henry VIII (DADProtestant Reformation Re-cap

Martin Luther’s religious reform movement quickly spread beyond Germany. By 1543, it reached England where Henry VIII ruled. Just 13 years before, Henry had attacked Luther’s ideas. To thank him, Pope Leo X called the king “Defender of the Faith”

Henry VIII breaks with the Catholic Church

A political problem started the Reformation in England. Henry VIII became king there in 1509. He married a Spanish princess, Catherine of Aragon. They had a daughter named Mary. In 1527, Henry VIII tried to end his marriage in order to have a son to follow after him.

Henry VIII (DADD – Divorce

Henry wanted a son, a male heir, to his throne

They had a daughter named Mary, and Catherine could not have more children.

Henry tried to divorce Catherine, the Pope refused to allow the divorce. Henry asked the Pope to annul, or break off, his marriage

Catherine refused to accept this and asked her nephew the Holy Roman Emperor to influence the pope’s decisions

By this time Henry had already secretly married another woman, Ann Boleyn

Henry VIII (DADA – Anglican Church

The pope excommunicated Henry as a result of his secret marriage so Henry proceeded to establish the Church of England

In order to divorce Catherine, Henry VIII appointed a new archbishop, a top religious figure in the church, of Canterbury, England

The archbishop declared Henry’s marriage to Catherine not legal

In 1543 Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy which made the king the head of the Anglican Church

Henry VIII (DADD – Dissolved Catholic owned lands in England

Dissolved monasteries and sold the land to rich merchants

This made the rich merchants happy because they now owned land

His treasury gained a boost and new supporters to his cause

Henry claimed to be independent from the Catholic Church but he rejected many protestant reforms and kept a most Catholic forms of worship

Henry VIII (DADEdward

Henry and Ann Boleyn had a daughter named Elizabeth

Three years later he declared Ann unfaithful to the marriage and had her executed

He then married Jane Seymour and had a son named Edward

Henry died in 1547 and Edward became King of England at 9 years old

Edward was a protestant follower and accepted many protestant reforms

Henry VIII (DADMary

Edward ruled for 6 years and died in 1553 of illness

Henry’s first daughter Mary became Queen of England

Mary was a Catholic and used her power to make England a Catholic nation again

To strengthen her power she married the Catholic King of Spain, Phillip II

The English protestants hated Mary and refused to become Catholics again

Henry VIII (DADElizabeth

Mary died in 1558 and her half sister Elizabeth became Queen of England

She tried to join together Protestants and Catholics into the Anglican Church

Many Anglican rituals became a blend of Catholic and Protestant ceremonies

Not all Protestants liked this compromise, they were called Puritans

This group wanted to “purify” the church of Catholic rituals

In the 1600’s some Puritans left England to settle in North America

Henry VIII (DADKey Words

Arch-Bishop – a top religious leader in a church province

Act of Supremacy – appointed the king of England the head of the Church of England

Compromised – An agreement in which both sides give up something as to stop arguing

Purify – to make clean and simple

Puritans – Any English protestant who wanted to purify the Anglican Church