leijonhufvud - the uses of the past

Upload: pili-barros

Post on 05-Jul-2018

218 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    1/27

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    2/27

    !

    " # $

    % & '

    ( ) %* ! +

    ,- "' . ! /01

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    3/27

    ! ! " #$ %" & "

    ' ( )* ! & ! & " + ' ,

    ! " - . ' " + " . /

    + 0 0 ! - . 1 "

    ! ! + & . ! 2

    3 4 5 6 " ! / + " . , '

    , ! & 1 + + " ! ! 2

    .

    ' ! & + 1 1 ! + 7 &1 ! -

    & 8.

    , +

    2 & " & 2 ! 2 .

    1 " & & " . , ! 2

    &1 ! 9 . , " ! 1 " ! -

    :! ): ; " & + ! 2 !

    ! .

    , " & " + 1 " "

    ! " && & " 2 6 ++ < " + =

    11 " " & " + ! 1& . , " "

    ! + + " & - " && . ,

    > 3 " % 1 " ' %" & " , 41 (7?08@ 7@@ . 3 " & & / " & ( A & " &

    + " C " " & D #3 " ... & 1+ " " ! 2. 1 " & 1 &

    ! " + " &1 .* .!!!. 1. E & E+ & & E E &

    7 & . 1 ! ' %" & " " "' &+ . < 7@077 ?F. 3 + & " & D #, ! 2

    & + & .*

    8 $. " 2 #$ ( ' %" & " )* < %" & " . F & 2 &" " & " " & "

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    4/27

    7

    + " C ! 1 " C + + &1 9

    B " & " . - G ( 1 . 3 1

    " 1 " & ! & " &

    & " " &+ & " . 4 1 3 2

    " & & " & " & "

    " + & . ; " ! " & "

    " & + ! " " " .

    , " " & " 1 & " + &

    & " ! & & " " &

    " .H & & " " & " & 2 "

    " & " & . 3 +

    " " 5 11 1 & ! ! 11 "

    . 3 + ! + & + &+ 1 "

    : " " : &+ ! + 5 . G &

    ! " 2 1 "

    00 ; A )

    3 + "" ( ! : " " + & "

    3 2 ! " 1 " ! " " & - ""

    " I 3 1 & ! ! + ! : &

    " + + &:J " 1 " " -

    & ! " & 1 1 " " + :

    + :)

    " 9 1 " ! " " 1

    + ! + &D ! 0 " " 1 " ! " , ( 1" ! . " " "

    " " & " &1 ! .

    H , ! 9 ! " & 1 . , + " ! + " & & + " & . % ! " G " # ! 2

    & 1 2 ! 2 "" & . . . & L M& 2 " " & " & & .* ' J7 1. -

    ?F . , & I)

    J ' ! & + + . . ( ! F 11.

    ! : "2 < &: ( 9 6 1 + " 11. 7F807FH.

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    5/27

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    6/27

    H

    & & 1 " 1 ! + &

    ! " & 1 1 ! &

    ! " " &1 - + . ; " " + -

    & - " " 1 1 & 1 1

    " " " " " " ! 1. O " !

    00 9 1 + 00 !

    & & & .

    , 1 " " " ! :3 1 ( : & &

    " &+ 3 ! N " : & " " :

    2 : " 1 &.: G 1 " "

    1 " + 1 55 ! 0 1 1 & 1 "

    ! 1 " 1 &9 " . ( "" 1 ! 1

    . G ! & I G 2 + "2) , 1 1 !

    ! && & & 2 & 2 "

    .

    , " ! - 1 1 " ! " "

    . / & + ! " &

    " - . 4 2

    " 1 & + ! ! & " 11 1 " + "

    " 1 55 ! 1 &. 2 " ! "

    " & + & D

    " " - " + " ! " &&

    + & + " + - " ! + & +

    ! +

    " 1 1 ! ! & & 1 1 ! " +

    " && " ., 2 ! ! & 1 " " &1 "

    " ! " + " .

    %" & ! " " " . %" & " 1

    " " " & & 2 . , 1 1 1 1 !

    - " " " " 1 1 . 3& "

    ! + "2 & ! 1 " &

    & + I 00 ! ! " & 1& ! +, + " "" 1 ! " & 1 " &1 !

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    7/27

    J

    + & + " + & " && . , !

    + " + - K & " &

    " + " ! . , 1

    1 1 2 2K + 1 & 1 1 " .

    3 ! ! 9 & " " & " & 1

    ! & " " 00 ! 1 " ! 00 &

    ! 2 ! + " 1. %" & "

    ! " & 01 + & + 1 1

    " . N , D : & 1 &

    ! .: ?

    1 + & " - C ! " - C 11 2

    ! 1 & . % & - 1 " "

    ! " ! + ! . , + " ""

    " D 3 11 " + 1 ) 3 + " & 1

    & ) $ + + 1 + &

    1 + " ! " - ) ;

    ! & 2 ! + 00 + 1 1 ! 9 00 ! " ! " &

    " ) % + " 9 " & " " &

    &+ " + ! .

    3 ! & 2 ! 1 ! 1 "

    " 0 " + - " & ! 2 1 - 9

    ' ! & " " : : 3 2 !. 3 + ! +

    + ! ! " + . ; ! 2

    1 1 + & ". 3 1 " & " & "

    & - + .

    / : ( : &1 ! & :

    ! .: ' 2 ! + ! ! " 1 1 ! &

    1 1 ! + 1 : 2 ! .: 3 " & " + "2

    & 2 & ! & 2 1 . , + "

    " " " 1 2 " & " 1 1

    2 1 + ! + 11 " . +

    ? & ! " . , " D #; 1 & &1 +

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    8/27

    1 1 ! 2 + ! " & 2 + 1 . " 1

    ! 1 & " 1 1 1 K

    " + & 2 " " " 1 ! 2 +

    1 . : & : 1 " + & + "

    & 1 00 & 2 " &1 "

    1& ! ! 1 "" 1 " . 3 ! 1 !

    : " & " : ! : : - ! + ! &

    1 & & " "

    1 1 ! .

    , + 2 ! ! 2 + "

    & 1 ! 2 : : ! &1

    . & . 4 ! "2 "" . 6 "

    " 0 0 " . , 1 & + " "" &&

    & 1 & 1 1 " 1 ! & "

    &1 + . ; ! ! & 1

    " & ! 00 1 " 1 ! !

    " &+ ! . ! + "2 "2. ; "2 1 !

    1 + 1 + & ! & 1 +

    2 & 1 & & . 1 & & 1 ! 2 +

    + " & .

    A C < " (

    ; "2 "2 ! 1 ! " & :

    : " ! 00 11 .

    ; "2 "2 & 1 1 " " -

    ! ! 1 . 3 & 1 " 1 & ! :1 1 : " . ,

    F@ ! 0 ! " " 1 !

    , & 6 2 :! " ! .:

    ! + ! + " 1

    , 1 + & 1 1 & #, & , ' * ? .

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    9/27

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    10/27

    ?

    ! + 1 " 1 . ' ! " + "

    " + & .

    < ; 1 " 1 & !

    " " " " ! D :% ! ! 1 " :

    " & . , ! & + 1 " .

    & " 1 9 " &

    1 " + &1 2 . 4

    ! 2 & 5 " & 2 " " 1

    1 & " ! ! " .

    " ! 2 2 + ""

    " " " &1 & 2 & !. ! +

    " & ! ! ! " + " .

    , 1 " ! "2 " " ! & &

    ! . ; " . A + " ! !

    & :1 " : "

    &1 " 00 " " .

    , ! 9 ! 2 " ; :& " " 1 1 ! &

    .: G 1 ! 2 " &

    + "2 & 1 "2 & 1 !

    & & + " 7. , " 1 "

    ! " 1 " ! N ! , " 1

    $ . ; "

    .

    , " & " " 1 + &

    1 2 & 4 1 " 1 !

    & " 1 " 1 !. 3 & " + . & + & : 1! 2 : N 8 & ! ! "

    " " + & " 1 "

    ! . , " 5 " + & + + 1 &+

    1 " H ! " 1 1 1 0 " .

    < ; :N 2 ' ( " : +7 "" 9 ! %1 & :/ & " .: ' ! I 4

    + ; 9 1 1 1 9 )8 N , 1! 2 / ! O 2D " ?.H N ! 1 " " + N 1 ! & & 1 ! + 1 "

    1 " & 1 .

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    11/27

    ; " 1 " 1 1 "2 ! &

    + & " " 1 C # *

    / " " , / " "

    , & " " 1 + ! " " & B &

    " " " & " ! ! + 1 & 5 - + &. ; "

    1 " & + "2 1 . 1 J@9

    " & ! + ! . $ & "

    1 & 2 1 " !

    " " 1 ! - + &. %- + ! 1 0 "

    1 1 " . " ! 1 1 " . ,

    1 " " " + & 5 C ! "

    & ! 7@@H . G "

    &1 5 " .J , 1 + &

    ! " " & -

    " " " & " 1 11 & !

    ( 1 + & B P& B P B " & -

    + " + & . G 1 " & -

    ( " " && " - & 5 . , ! +

    & ! " " " & & C " %

    + F . , " &

    & " & & & " &

    #& + * + # ! * . 3 &

    + 2 2 I 4 " & 3 2

    + " - + & .

    % " + 1 " + + # ! * & " " " " "

    1 1 " C + " ! . , ! &

    + + + " & + & & " & 1

    , + & 5 1 " 1 & ! "

    + 1 " " ! 1 " 1

    J A " " ! &1 - + & " " #& 0 ! & H@ ! " & " ! " && " .

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    12/27

    @

    7@@ . ; & 1

    &1 2 " B & .

    ; & 1 ! "" &+

    G " # 1 *. , + + ! +

    ! & . , & &1 1 + & &

    1 1 " " ! & 1 ! ! + " .

    , &+ ; "

    , &+ " " 1 2 ! ! " +

    & - + & . ; 3 ! & ! + (

    + & 1 " + " - + &

    1 " 1 + + & & +

    ! & " & " " & " 1 + " 1

    , + 1 ! " +

    & + & 2 N 01 " G .

    + & " " 1 "

    " 1 & 5 1 + & ! + & 1 & "

    5 7@@ . ; B 3 11 & +

    & " & " . ' ! 1 " )

    4 1 " 1 " " ! 11 0 0 & & ! -

    5 1 " " ! & . 3 " !

    ! 1 " + " ! & 01 " 11 01 " " " -

    1 " . , " " 1 & 1 . , &1

    " D #! & 1 " " & 2 1 " " " &1

    #! & 2 1 " " 11 1 " " 1 " .* &

    & " C ! C & + #! .*

    + & " " " 5 + & 1 &

    & + " . ; " " & & .

    & " &1 + + & "

    + & . , " 1 ! "

    # &+ 1 1 .* , " & B + &

    " & - & 2 1 " .

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    13/27

    , & " 2 0" &1 0 " &1 . G

    & + " 1 & " " "

    & " 1 " + " & " . 3 " & ! 2 !

    & & " 11 " & !

    ! 1 & & . , " & " " 0 &

    + & 2 1 " . 3 "

    11 " 1 & 1 "2 .

    3 2 ! & & 1 1 " ! "

    " 1 & & & & " + & ! & 2 '

    . , " ! + & "

    & " + 1 & " " . , " & & 2 & +

    " . B 2 5

    ,0 & 1 " &1 & 2 & + " " . 3 11

    " && 1 " # " * 1 " & & &

    " 11 ! & 2 ..

    3 1 + & &1 " &

    ! & 2 . &1 " & B 1 + &

    ! " 2 ! & & ! " " . ,

    " ! &. , + B ! ! 1

    1 & 1 + " .F , 11 " 1 ! . A

    & & ! " + "

    + " " . " 1

    ! " & . 3 & +

    2 F 1 1 " # " * + & 1 .?

    $ " & " ) 3 2 . , 5 6

    ! 1 + " + & + + " " " & " " " . 6 B &

    7@@8 + + ( ! . 3 " "

    , &1 + ! & & 2 " 0 0 0 & & & 3 + < ' "2& A & + ! I 00 + & ! 0 2 &

    B &.

    F . ' & J 11. J 0 @.

    ? , " " ' & B & + 2 ! ! " 1 1 " & " 1 & 5 .

    "2 ! ! 2 ! ; + .

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    14/27

    7

    + " & " 1 ! . 1

    - &+ " 2 ! 2 + .

    " G $ / ' 11

    ( 1 ! + N 9 " +

    + " & " " & :! N & .:

    " : : ! " + + ) ; ! & & " 0

    1 1 " :! R & ): & + + -

    1 1 - . , 1 " 2 + "

    - ! + " & + 0 R0 . < 6 + < & ,

    A " ! " N 6 + ! ( $ 00 N

    " + 1 & + " " N 1

    & + &+ " " " & " + & +

    ! " + .

    , 11 " ! - :! & ):

    " &1 " N 9 " &

    & 1 " " + " + ! . 4 & 1

    " 1 + + & 00 ! ! + " &1

    + 1 1 - ! 1 + & ! 9

    N . 3 ! 1 " 1 + ! 2 "

    A & " &+ + "2 ! " 1 2

    1 1 - + :! N : + !

    & && &1 ! 1 & & + & !

    1 + - " + ! . 3 "

    & 7@ " &+ ! & C ! & & &1 1 1 + "

    1 1 N & &. N & ! . '

    & & & + & 2 + +

    & & 2 . ' + & + 0 ".

    " + 1 " & & . & &

    7@ ? + 2 ! &+ " " . 3 " ! 2 31 1 + "2 "2 N & + 1 & & N . 3 ! 1 55 + 2 3 + . , ! "

    + ! .

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    15/27

    8

    ( 0 " 1 &1 " 1

    &1 & . .

    :; & " 11 .: 4 1 . 3 " #+ +

    "" " * & 2 1 & - & 2 + " &

    ! & ! 1 . 3 2 " 1 "

    " 11

    N " & " @97 ! :! N & : 00 ! N

    " & " " & " N & & . % ! 1

    + 2 .

    , 2 + 1 3 2 " &

    - ! - 2 + ! . ,

    + ! ! + & " ! 9

    + " . , ! ! 1 "

    & + & 1 & . G -

    ! & .

    N

    , 3 & & 3 ! & 2 + .

    , 1 1 . 3 C ! 1 + " 1

    G "2 C + " ! 2 + B ! &

    " & ! & ! &1 & - + &. , - & !

    # + * . & )

    N ! 2 ! + " C 1 1 . ;

    $ 1 & & " " ! & & . ' "

    ! &+ . ! " #"

    1 " 1 .* . ' & ! ! " ! ! # " ! * ! ! + + 1 "" . N

    1 & ! " 1 & " 1 " 1 D

    0 & 1 " ! & " " " 1 "

    + 1 "77. ' ! 1 "

    7 00 / ! N %" & " & " .77 ; J ! & 2 ! 1 " & N "

    1 & " . , " " + / ; %" &6 " G " ; ! " "

    " + " " . /;%6 ! # &1 .*

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    16/27

    H

    ! " + ! " . ; ! 1

    " & " ! .

    ' " 1 & C & " ! & C ! & 0

    " . A + 1 " " ! " "

    &1 & - + &. 3 & " + " & 2 & ! . '

    " # " & .* " &

    " &1 + " + " &

    " &1 . - 1 + " 11 & & 2 !

    " 1 " " & ! . 3 1 " 1 " "

    ! ! " # * & + " " & "

    ! " " &1 & " +

    " C 1 # * 00 &1 & .78

    , & 2 " " & & 5 . B !

    N & . , & N B " & " + "

    + 5 1 " & & & &

    1 1 # 11 " ! & .*

    , 1 " 1 + & ! 0 N

    . , & $ 1 & &

    & + " " " " 1 " & . 4

    & + " + " "

    &+ .

    ,

    ' 1 & & . 4 " & + !

    B & & 2 ! ! ! & 1 1 " 1 .7H , " " + 0 . # & * &

    + & 1 " & " & 2 & 2 1

    3 ; + A & B " 6 . + " A & " ! /;%6. "2 & " " " 1 !

    + " & N " & " + ! " " A & &.; 3 & & + . A & 1 1 " GG B 0 " .78 #3 &1 & * N & " ! " 1

    " " " . , ! + + # &1 & " ! & 2 .*

    7H , " + ! " D , & & " 1 " " & ! &1 .

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    17/27

    J

    " . ; 2 ! " " + " &1

    & & .

    N B 1 + & ! " ! . ' ! ! & !

    & 1 & 2 ! 1 - + & ! 1 "

    1 ! & " ! # + & &

    + + * C " - ! " & .

    " & + & " & . , & " ! " &1 +

    ! " + & & " C ! 0 - + &

    I , & + " & ! " 1 "

    & & " ! & & " " + . 3

    + 0 " ! - 1 1 C

    . 3 0 " +

    . ; ! " & &1 + !

    - & & . " N B 3 0 &

    1 " " " 1 &1 & + 2 ! !

    ! ! .

    6 + " ?@ ' %" & " ,

    " " " & . ' " " " G +

    &1 & . , N " & " ! +

    . &1 " ! &

    "2 & & " " " 1 + " && " " "

    . , " & ! & + " &1 +

    ? .

    , % &+ )

    ,! & 2 + 1 1 ! N " & " ! &+ " " & " .

    , 2 " & ! " &1 & /

    3 ! / 36 1 1 &1 & " 1

    &1 + & ! . 3 ! "" 1 + 1 N + "

    N & " & & . ; &

    B ! & " " & " .. 11 " ! & / 36 & . , !

    & " " " " & 1 & + + ""

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    18/27

    & " 1 & 1 " . " 1

    .C " + 11 0 1 " .

    , " 2 " & ! 6 % 1 " ! & 1 "

    " " " & 1 1 " "

    & P N & " & B. , " &

    1 + & & & " & + & 1

    & 1 I

    ! ! & " ! &1 " 1 + &

    & & + & 2 + & 1 + &

    1 " . G ) & 2. O & 2 00 + & ! .

    , & ! 11 . 0+ " &1

    " & " 1 " ! ! " &+ " &

    ; ! + 1 1 & 1 11 "

    , & " + 1 B 1 " D 3 " 2

    + ! 2 ! B + ) 3 ! 2 ! ! +

    " & + + 1 ! &1 & ! . ;

    & & + . 3 !

    .

    A ! 1 1 " & " 1 " +

    ' , + + . ! !

    1 " . 3 "" " ! 1 1 ! +

    " 1 + " + "2 "2 1 . "- " ! 2 +

    ( " + 1. , ! 1 + + & & ( !

    ( .7J & & + " + + &

    . ( 1 + " " . , + 2 1 +

    ! .

    7J 3 " & 2 + " &1 + " ! 2 1 1 . ; " ' , 3 ! - & 2 I

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    19/27

    F

    ; < . ? . :N 2 ' ( " : ; 2D

    ( .

    ; A . JH. !" ( " D ( " ( .

    2 . F.# " $ " # % # ! % ! & ! " " &+

    .D 3, ( .

    % . ?F. #%" & " & " D

    D7 11. F80 ?7.

    A & . # * .!!!. 1. E & E+ & & E E &

    ' ' + . J7. $ ! ' ( % &+ . .D'

    ( .

    ' & $ . J." ) 4 D 4 ( .

    N < . 8 . ( * % ) ! +

    D " .

    N . ?. * , / ! O 2D " .

    . ?. ! / ! O 2D

    4 ( .

    000000000000000000000. ? . #, & , ' C 4 G 3 & / ' *

    " G 1 + ) !

    ! $ ! &D % ! % 7@@@.

    000000000000000000000. F. # , *- + ! " HD7 11.

    80 ?.

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    20/27

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    21/27

    00000000000000000000000. ??. :N 1 G ' ' :

    # @D 7 11. 0 F.

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    22/27

    ! " # $

    % " ! "

    & ! ! ' (

    ! ) * + , * - -

    . / #!

    - . ! 0 - ) # ! ! $

    1 / 1 %

    &+ 0 '# ! . /

    # " ( )

    *% & $ 2 ) ! "

    1 % . % 1 # ! "

    / / ' ! * ' ! % ( ! )

    $ ) $

    3 4 5 4 5 . ! %

    & 1 6 ( ( ( 7899789: $ %

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    23/27

    ' ($ 0 ( ; < $ $ =

    +

    1 . % 1. + , $ - .

    1 0 !"

    ! = $ + . / 0* $ + . / 1

    1 ( - . % +23 - 4/

    # $ %

    &1 # 3 - . - ( 5 6 $

    '1 ! ) . ' +2 + "

    *. ' . ! * - 7 8 )

    9. ' 0 + ' * . 7 8 )

    :' $ " )

    / " % )

    = ! "0 ! "

    1 > ! " &" " 6 $ " ' %-

    * &

    ' * # - #- - $ + 2 /

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    24/27

    & * 1 ' ' . 7) )

    '1 % / ! .) 7 )

    *2 ) + + ?, ( @ 1 '1 ) 7 )

    91 > 1 $ 44 .

    : ) "1 ) * # !

    - ' '- .0 ! '& ?* /@ 6 A !.

    - ' '- .0 ! '& ?* //@ ' !.

    ( # ! - , .> - & % '

    ! . . 4

    1 ' , * 3 ' ! $ $ ! .

    & 1 0 0 ! "

    & . 6 - - . 4 . - /

    & 3 ! 0 ( ) . 3 (#

    & ( # + " ! "

    & & $ $ / 4

    & '* # ! ) ; % <% #- - $

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    25/27

    & *2 1 ! '1 - ( (/ . 1-. 7BB ' #- - $ , + 3=

    & 9' ( ) ' # - ' *#- - $ + 2 /

    & :3 * 0 + 2 /

    & % $

    $

    &

    / $ "

    & ' 4.0 & 5 .0 / ! . %

    & 1 ' & .> 1 7 ) )

    & 1 / . 1 * ' 0. 7 ) )

    & & ! $ , ! ' - & 7 ) )

    & ' > " / # $ 8 - 7 ) )

    & * * ! # 3 -1 ) 3 . 4 # % "

    & 9' ! "

    & : % 4 / - .$"- / 4 $ 44

    $ "

    & - . ( . / & + ) . 4 . - /

    ' 3 C3 - - " . . 4 # % +

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    26/27

    ' 6 ) ) /

    ' 1 +2 3 - 4/

  • 8/16/2019 Leijonhufvud - The Uses of the Past

    27/27