lecture 21-vibrio cholerae

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م ي ح ر ل ا ن م ح ر ل ه ا ل ل م ا س بFAMILY: VIBRIONACEAE Prof. Khalifa Sifaw Ghenghesh

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Page 1: Lecture 21-Vibrio cholerae

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

FAMILY: VIBRIONACEAE

Prof. Khalifa Sifaw Ghenghesh

Page 2: Lecture 21-Vibrio cholerae

3 Important Genera:

• Vibrio

• Aeromonas,

• Plesiomonas

• Oxidase +ve

Habitat:

Page 3: Lecture 21-Vibrio cholerae

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيمVibrio cholerae

I. V. cholera O1: •Agglutinate in Antisera Directed

Against O1 Antigen.•Produce Enterotoxin.

2. Non-Toxigenic V. cholera O1:

3. Non O1 V. cholera (NCV, NAV):

II. V. cholerae O139

Page 4: Lecture 21-Vibrio cholerae

Vibrio choleraeGram-negative, curved rods

Page 5: Lecture 21-Vibrio cholerae

Vibrio cholerae Leifson flagella stain

Page 6: Lecture 21-Vibrio cholerae

Vibrio choleraecurved rods with polar flagellum (EM)

Page 7: Lecture 21-Vibrio cholerae

V. cholerae O1---------------------------------------------------

Biotye

El-torClassic

Haemolysis (SRBC) + --

VP + --

Resistance to PB + -----------------------------------------------------

Page 8: Lecture 21-Vibrio cholerae

VIRULENCE FACTORS:• Enterotoxin: CT• Adherence: Ability to Attach to the

Microvilli at the Brush Borders of the Epithelial Cells.

EPIDEMIOLOGY:• Causes Widespread Disease.• Human Carriers: • Modern International Travel:

Page 9: Lecture 21-Vibrio cholerae

PATHOGENESIS & CLINICAL INFECTION:• Infectious Dose:• Incubation period:• Abrupt Onset of Diarrhoea & Vomiting• Stool > Watery (Rice Water), Odorless• Fatality Rate:

Page 10: Lecture 21-Vibrio cholerae

LAB. DIAGNOSIS:• Isolation & Identification of the

Organism.• Media: TCBS• Transport Media:

TREATMENT: • Prompt Replacement of Fluid &

Elecrolytes• Tetracycline and others

PREVENTION & CONTROL:• Adequate Sewage Treatment and

Water Purification Systems.• Vaccination: ??

Page 11: Lecture 21-Vibrio cholerae

Typical Vibrio cholera contaminated water supply

Page 12: Lecture 21-Vibrio cholerae
Page 13: Lecture 21-Vibrio cholerae

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

• Halophilic vibrio• Associated with seafood• Gastroenteritis:

– Outbreaks of Food Poisoning

• Extraintestinal infections > wounds• Virulence Factors:

– Haemolysin > – heat-stable cytotoxin– Heat-labile enterotoxin– Adherence to human intestinal cells

Page 14: Lecture 21-Vibrio cholerae

Aeromonas species

A. hydrophila, A. sobria & A. caviae• Enterotoxins, Cytotoxins, Haemolysins,

Etc…• Gastroenteritis, Septicaemia, and Skin

& Wound Infections TREATMENT

• TMP-SMX, Tetracycline, Gentamicin • Resistant to -Lactam Antibiotics.