learning styles: building and using self-knowledge

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1 © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

CHAPTER 2

Learning Styles:Building and Using Self-

Knowledge

Keys to Effective Learning, 6eCarol Carter, Joyce Bishop, and

Sarah Lyman Kravits

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pcO-pfxv4lI



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Habit of mind: Keep learning.

“Intelligent people are in a continuous learning mode.

Their confidence [and] inquisitiveness allow them to constantly search for new and better ways…

They seize problems, situations, tensions, conflicts, and circumstances as valuable opportunities to learn.”

Art CostaKeys to Effective Learning 6e,Ch02

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Learn about yourselfWhy understand how you learn?

Keys to Effective Learning 6e,Ch02

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You can stretch your natural abilities.

… research proves that your intelligence can change and

develop with focus and effort.


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How can you use your self-knowledge?


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Knowing yourself brings you…• Classroom benefits

– Play to your strengths• If you are a musical learner, you might record

the lecturer for play back• If you are…..

– Work to strengthen weaker areas

• Study benefits– Helps you pick the right strategies– Helps you understand others you study

with


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Knowing yourself brings you…

• Workplace benefits– Better performance and teamwork– Better career planning


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Two self-assessmentsMultiple Intelligences• Learning

preferences• What abilities and

areas of learning come most easily to you

Personality Spectrum• Personality traits• How you interact

with information and people


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Multiple Intelligences

• Verbal-Linguistic• Logical-Mathematical• Bodily-Kinesthetic• Visual-Spatial

• Interpersonal• Intrapersonal• Musical• Naturalistic


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Multiple Pathways to Learning Sample Question

Directions: Rate each statement. Write the number of your response (1-4) on the line next to the statement (1=rarely, 2=sometimes, 3=usually, and 4=always) and total the scores for each set of six questions.

Example:

1. ___ I enjoy physical activities.2. ___ I am uncomfortable sitting still.3. ___ I prefer to learn through doing.4. ___ When sitting, I move my legs or my hands.5. ___ I enjoy working with my hands.6. ___ I like to pace when I’m thinking or studying. ____ TOTAL for Bodily-Kinesthetic


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Example:

1. ___ I enjoy telling stories.2. ___ I like to write.3. ___ I like to read.4. ___ I express myself clearly.5. ___ I am good at negotiating.6. ___ I like to discuss topics that interests me. ____ TOTAL for Verbal-Linguistic


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Example:

1. ___ I use maps easily.2. ___ I draw pictures/diagrams when explaining ideas.3. ___ I can ensemble item easily from diagrams.4. ___ I enjoy drawing and photography.5. ___ I do not like to read long paragraphs.6. ___ I prefer a drawn map over a written direction. ____ TOTAL for Visual-Spatial


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Example:

1. ___ I like math is school.2. ___ I like science.3. ___ I problem-solve well. 4. ___ I question how things work.5. ___ I enjoy planning and designing something new.6. ___ I am able to fix things. ____ TOTAL for Logical-Mathematical


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Example:

1. ___ I listen to music.2. ___ I move my fingers or feet when I hear music.3. ___ I have good rhythm. 4. ___ I like to sing along with music.5. ___ People have said I have musical talent.6. ___ I like to express my ideas through music. ____ TOTAL for Musical


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Example:

1 ___ I need quiet time to think.2. ___ I think about issues before I want to talk.3. ___ I am interested in self-improvement.4. ___ I understand my thoughts and feelings.5. ___ I know what I want out of life.6. ___ I prefer to work on projects alone. ____ TOTAL for Intrapersonal


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Example:

1.___ I like doing projects with other people.2.___ People come to me to help settle conflicts.3. ___ I like to spend time with friends.4. ___ I am good at understanding people.5. ___ I am good at making people feel comfortable.6. ___ I enjoy helping others. ____ TOTAL for Interpesonal


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Example:

1.___ I like to think about how things, ideas, or people fit into categories.2.___ I enjoy studying plants, animals, or oceans 3.___ I tend to see how things relate to, or are distinct from, one another. 4.___ I think about having a career in the natural sciences.5.___As a child I often play with bugs and leaves.6. ___ I like to investigate the natural world around me ____ TOTAL for Naturalistic


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Scoring Multiple Pathways to LearningFor each intelligence, shade the box in the row that corresponds with the range where your score falls.


20–24Highly

Developed

14–19Moderately Developed

Below 14Underdeveloped

Bodily-KinestheticVisual-SpatialVerbal-LinguisticLogical-MathematicalMusicalInterpersonalIntrapersonalNaturalistic

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Study Techniques

• Verbal linguistic• Reading text, highlighting selectively• Using a computer to retype / summarize notes• Teaching someone else

• Musical – Rhythmic• Creating rhythms out of words / songs / raps• Taking music breakes

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Study Techniques

Logical – Mathematical•Organizing material logically; spreadsheet•Explaining sequentially to a person•Analyzing and evaluating information

Visual Spatial•Mind maps, think links•Charts & tables•Using colour in notes

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Study TechniquesBodily – Kinesthetic•Moving while you learn – pacing & reciting•Rewriting & retyping notes

Intrapersonal•Reflecting on personal meaning of information•Visualizing information•Studying in a quiet area•Imagining essays / experiments before beginning

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Study Techniques

Interpersonal•Studying in groups•Discussing information over the phone, messages•Teaching someone else

Naturalistic•Looking for relationship among ideas, facts•Studying in the natural setting

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CHAPTER 2

Personality Spectrum

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Personality Spectrum focuses on how you interact with people and information.

Four dimensions:• Thinker: Analytical, problem solver• Giver: Authentic, communicator• Organizer: Responsible, detailed• Adventurer: Daring, spontaneous


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Personality Spectrum Sample Question

Directions: Rank order all four responses to each question from most like you (4) to least like you (1) so that you use the numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 one time each. Write numbers in the boxes next to the responses.

1. I like instructor who□ a. tell me exactly what is expected of me.□ b. make learning active and exciting.□ c. maintain a safe and supportive classroom. □ d. challenge me to think at higher levels.


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2. I learn best when the material is □ a. well organized.□ b. something I can do hands-on.□ c. about understanding and improving the human condition.□ d. intellectually challenging.


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3. A high priority in my life is□ a. keep my commitments.□ b. experience as much life a possible.□ c. make a difference in the life of others.□ d. understanding how things work.


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4. Other people think of me as□ a. dependable and loyal.□ b. dynamic and creative.□ c. caring and honest.□ d. intelligent and inventive.


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5. When I experience stress I would most likely□ a. do something to make me feel more in control

of my life.□ b. do something physical and daring.□ c. talk with a friend.□ d. go off by myself and think about my situation.


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6. I would probably not be close friends with someone who is

□ a. irresponsible.□ b. unwilling to try new things.□ c. selfish and unkind to others.□ d. an illogical thinker.


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7. My vacations could be described as□ a. traditional.□ b. adventuresome.□ c. pleasing to others.□ d. a new learning experience.


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8. One word that best describes me is□ a. sensible.□ b. spontaneous.□ c. giving.□ d. analytical.


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• Add up total points for each letter.• Plot these numbers on the brain diagram.• A = Organizer B = Adventurer C=Giver,

D=Thinker

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Personality Spectrum Scoring Diagram

Write your scores in the four squares outside the diagram. For each of your four scores, place a dot on the appropriate number in the line near that circle.

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ThinkerThinkerTechnicalScientific

MathematicalDispassionate

RationalAnalytical

LogicalProblem solving

TheoreticalIntellectualObjective

QuantitativeExplicit

RealisticLiteral

PreciseFormal

GiverGiverInterpersonal

EmotionalCaring

SociableGiving

SpiritualMusical

RomanticFeeling

PeacemakerTrusting

AdaptablePassionateHarmonious

IdealisticTalkativeHonest

OrganizerOrganizerTacticalPlanningDetailedPracticalConfident

PredictableControlled

DependableSystematicSequentialStructured

AdministrativeProceduralOrganized

ConservativeSafekeepingDisciplined

AdventurerAdventurerActiveVisual

RiskingOriginalSpatialSkillful

ImpulsiveMetaphoric

ExperimentalDivergent

Fast pacedSimultaneousCompetitiveImagnative

Open mindedAdventuresome

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Understand teaching styles• Lecture, verbal focus• Lecture with group discussion• Small groups• Logical presentation• Random presentation• Conceptual presentation• Detailed presentation• Experience-based presentationKeys to Effective Learning 6e,Ch02

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How can you identify and manage learning disabilities?


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Problems in certain areas can indicate a learning disability.

• Reading• Math calculations• Social skills• Following a schedule• Reading maps• Following directions• Writing


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Manage a learning disability to maximize learning.

• Be informed about your disability• Seek assistance from your school• Be a dedicated student• Build a positive attitude• Rely on support from others


learning styles: building and using self-knowledge

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