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ثثا

تتا

ببا

أألف

ددال

خخا

ححا

ججيم

سسين

زىزا

ررا

ذذال

ططا

ضضاد

صصاد

ششين

ففا

غغين

ععين

ظظا

مميم

لالم

ككاف

ققاف

ىيا

وواو

هـها

ننون

The Arabic Alphabet

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First: Fat-hah “ ”

Example: ب

Fat-hah is pronounced by separating the two jaws

and opening the mouth.

The way of pronunciation:

Short Vowels (Harakaat)

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ث ت ب أد خ ح ج

س ز ر ذط ض ص شف غ ع ظم ل ك قى و هـ ن

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ث ت ب أ

د خ ح ج

س ز ر ذ

ط ض ص ش

ف غ ع ظ

م ل ك ق

ى و هـ ن

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Second: Kasrah “ ”

Example: ب

The way of pronunciation:

Kasrah is pronounced by dropping the lower jaw.

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ث ت ب إد خ ح ج

س ز ر ذط ض ص شف غ ع ظ

م ل ك قى و هـ ن

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ث ت ب إ

د خ ح ج

س ز ر ذ

ط ض ص ش

ف غ ع ظ

م ل ك ق

ى و هـ ن

مر

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Third: Dhammah “ ”

Example: ب"

The way of pronunciation:

Dhammah is pronounced by rounding the two lips completely without letting them come into a complete contact.

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ث" ت" ب" أ"د" خ" ح" ج"

س" ز" ر" ذ"ط" ض" ص" ش"ف" غ" ع" ظ"

م" ل" ك" ق"

ى" و" هـ ن"RUQ online RUQ online

ث" ت" ب" أ"

د" خ" ح" ج"

س" ز" ر" ذ"ط" ض" ص" ش"

ف" غ" ع" ظ"

م" ل" ك" ق"

ى" و" هـ ن"

ن>

ث

ر=

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Saakinah letters الحروف الساكنة

The meaning of Saakinah:

It means stationary. That is a letter with no movement on it “Stationary”.

The way it is written:

A saakinah letter either does not have any Harakah on it or it has a sukoon sign “ ” on it.

Note: a Saakinah letter is always preceded by a letter with a Harakah on itRUQ online RUQ online

تث تت تب تأتد تخ تح تج

تس تز تر تذتط تض تص تشتف تغ تع تظتم تل تك تقتى تو ته تن

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Madd Letters

وف" المد حر"

The meaning of Madd:

It is to stretch or to prolong.

Madd letters:

1. Alif preceded by any letter with a Fat-hah on it. Written as (ا) or ( ).2. Waaoo Saakinah, preceded by any letter with a Dhammah on it. Written as (و) or ()3. Yaa Saakinah preceded by any letter with a Kasrah under it. Written as .or ( ) (ى)

The way of pronunciation:

A Madd letter is pronounced by prolonging or stretching the Harakah on the letter before it.

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Alif Madd

ب>

< ـ>اب اب

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د>ع> ا ن=

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Yaa Madd

=ب

=ىب

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د=ى

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ب

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Waw Madd

ب

وب

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>ج= ت ى

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م=ن و

ى Bء

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At-Tanween التنوين

The Meaning of At-Tanween

It is a Noon Saakinah that occurs at the end of the word

Types of Tanween

1. Tanween Fat-hah: that is pronounced with Fathah on the letter joined to Noon Saakinah

Dب2. Tanween Kasrah: that is pronounced with Kasrah on the letter joined to Noon Saakinah

Eب3. Tanween Dhammah: that is pronounced with Dhammah on the letter joined to Noon Saakinah

Fب

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At-Tanween

Dا بFبEب

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ق>ر=ىBبن

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Ash-Shaddah الشدة

The meaning of Shaddah:

It is to make the letter two identical letters.

The way it is written:

Ash-Shaddah sign ( ) is written above the letter.

The way of pronunciation

he Shaddah will turn the letter into two identical letters. The first of these letters will have Sukoon and the second one will have the Harakah that comes with the Shaddah

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Hب= =بJإ =بKإ إ

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Shaddah with Dhammah

Shaddah with

Kasrah

Shaddah with Fat-

hah

The letter

Shaddah with

Dhammah

Shaddah with

Kasrah

Shaddah with Fat-

hah

The letter

Kت< ت Jت< ت Hت< ت ت Kب< ت Jب< ت Hب< ت ب

Kج< ت Jج< ت Hج< ت ج Kث< ت Jث< ت Hث< ت ثKخ< ت Jخ< ت Hخ< ت خ Kح< ت Jح< ت Hح< ت حKذ< ت Jذ< ت Hذ< ت ذ Kد< ت Jد< ت Hد< ت د

Kز ـ> ت Jز ـ> ت Hز ـ> ت ز Kر ـ> ت Jر ـ> ت Hر ـ> ت ر

Kش< ت< ت

Jش< ت

Hشش ت>

Kس< ت

Jس< ت

Hسس

Kت>ض< ت

Jض< ت

Hضض

Kت>ص< ت

Jص< ت

Hصص

Kظ< ت Jظ< ت Hظ< ت ظ Kط< ت Jط< ت Hط< ت ط

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Shaddah with Dhammah

Shaddah with

Kasrah

Shaddah with Fat-

hah

The letter

Shaddah with

Dhammah

Shaddah with

Kasrah

Shaddah with Fat-

hah

The letter

Kغ< ت Jغ< ت Hغ< ت غ Kع< ت Jع< ت Hع< ت ع

Kق< ت Jق< ت Hق< ت ق Jف< ت Jف< ت Hف< ت ف

Kل< ت Jل< ت Hل< ت ل Kك< ت Jك< ت Hك< ت ك

Kن< ت Jن< ت Hن< ت ن Kم< ت Jم< ت Hم< ت م

Kو ـ> ت Jو ـ> ت Hو ـ> ت و Kه ـ> ت Jه ـ> ت Hه ـ> ت هـ

Kى< ت Jى< ت Hى< ت ى

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Hع>ل< ل

BهمRUQ online RUQ online

Hamzat-Ul-Wasslالوصل همزة

The meaning of Hamzat-Ul-Wassl:

It occurs only at the beginning of the word. It occurs without any Harakah on it.

The way it is written:It is written as: ( ا )

The way of pronunciation

It has two cases, whether to be pronounced or to be skipped.First: Skipping Hamzat-ulwassl

If the reader connects the word which begins with Hamzat-Ulwassl with the letter preceding it, so the letter preceding Hamzat-Ulwasl is directly connected to the letter following Hamzat-Ulwasl.

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Laam At-Ta’reefالتعريف الم

Laam At-Ta’reef

Laam QamariyyahIf the letter that followes

Laam At-Ta’reef does not

have a Shaddah on it,

Laam At’Ta’reef is

Pronounced with a Sukoon

on it

Laam ShamsiyyahIf the letter that follows Laam

At-T’areef has Shaddah,

Laam At-Ta’reef will not be

pronounced (silent)

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