latin america: central america and the caribbean latin america: central america and the caribbean

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Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean

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Page 1: Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean

Latin America:

Central America

and the

Caribbean

Latin America:

Central America

and the

Caribbean

Page 2: Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean

Central America & Central America & Caribbean:Caribbean:

Landscape is Mountainous with some Landscape is Mountainous with some coastal regions.coastal regions.

Volcanic islands, mountainous with reef formation Volcanic islands, mountainous with reef formation around them.around them.

Climate is tropical, varies with elevation, Climate is tropical, varies with elevation, and dependent upon windward/leeward and dependent upon windward/leeward sides.sides.

Economic activity is dependent upon Economic activity is dependent upon agriculture, although tourism is profitable.agriculture, although tourism is profitable.

Culture is Diverse: a mix of European, Culture is Diverse: a mix of European, African and Indigenous populations. African and Indigenous populations.

Page 3: Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean

Agriculture: Agriculture: Plantation v. Plantation v.

HaciendaHaciendaPLANTATIONPLANTATION HACIENDAHACIENDA

•Production for ExportProduction for Export•Single Cash CropSingle Cash Crop•Seasonal EmploymentSeasonal Employment•Profit Motive $$$Profit Motive $$$•Market VulnerabilityMarket Vulnerability•Mainly on Caribbean Islands

•Domestic MarketDomestic Market•Diversified CropsDiversified Crops•Year Round Jobs Year Round Jobs •Small Plots of LandSmall Plots of Land•Self-SufficientSelf-Sufficient•Mainly in Central America

Page 4: Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean

CENTRAL AMERICACENTRAL AMERICA GuatemalaGuatemala BelizeBelize HondurasHonduras El SalvadorEl Salvador

NicaraguaNicaragua Costa RicaCosta Rica PanamaPanama

THE CARIBBEAN BASINTHE CARIBBEAN BASIN The Greater AntillesThe Greater Antilles

CubaCuba Hispaniola (consists of Haiti/Dominican Republic)Hispaniola (consists of Haiti/Dominican Republic) JamaicaJamaica Puerto RicoPuerto Rico

The Lesser AntillesThe Lesser Antilles

Page 5: Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean

ECONOMIC TRENDSECONOMIC TRENDS (Central America & the Caribbean)(Central America & the Caribbean)

Agriculture- varies with elevationAgriculture- varies with elevation IndustryIndustry ServicesServices TourismTourism

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNSENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS Tropical DeforestationTropical Deforestation Hurricane DamageHurricane Damage

Page 6: Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean

CAUSES OF TROPICAL DEFORESTATION

CAUSES OF TROPICAL DEFORESTATION

Clearing of rural landsClearing of rural lands for livestock & meat for livestock & meat production and exportproduction and export

LoggingLogging to meet global demands for new housing, to meet global demands for new housing, paper, and furniturepaper, and furniture

Population explosionPopulation explosion: forests are cut to provide : forests are cut to provide crop-raising space and firewoodcrop-raising space and firewood

3 million acres of woodland in Central America 3 million acres of woodland in Central America disappear each year!disappear each year!

Page 7: Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean

El SalvadorEl Salvador Agriculture accounts for 24% of GDP and 40% of the labor Agriculture accounts for 24% of GDP and 40% of the labor

force and contributes to 60% of exports.force and contributes to 60% of exports. HondurasHonduras

Agriculture makes up over 25% of GDP, employs 62% of the Agriculture makes up over 25% of GDP, employs 62% of the labor force, and produces two-thirds of exports.labor force, and produces two-thirds of exports.

Dominican RepublicDominican Republic (49% Agriculture) (49% Agriculture) Sugarcane, coffee, cotton, cocoa, and tobaccoSugarcane, coffee, cotton, cocoa, and tobacco

JamaicaJamaica (22.5% Agriculture) (22.5% Agriculture) Sugar, bananas, and rum Sugar, bananas, and rum

CubaCuba (20% Agriculture) (20% Agriculture) Sugar, tobacco, citrus, and coffeeSugar, tobacco, citrus, and coffee

DEPENDENCE on DEPENDENCE on AGRICULTUREAGRICULTURE

Page 8: Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean

THE TOURISM OPTIONTHE TOURISM OPTION Antigua and BarbudaAntigua and Barbuda

Direct contribution of 13% to GDP and affects Direct contribution of 13% to GDP and affects growth in other sectorsgrowth in other sectors

The BahamasThe Bahamas Tourism alone provides 50% of GDP and directly Tourism alone provides 50% of GDP and directly

or indirectly employs 40% of the population.or indirectly employs 40% of the population.

Page 9: Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean Latin America: Central America and the Caribbean

TOURISM: TOURISM: GOOD and BADGOOD and BAD

AdvantagesAdvantages State and regional economic optionsState and regional economic options A clean industryA clean industry EducationalEducational

DisadvantagesDisadvantages Disconnected developmentDisconnected development Degrades fragile environmental resourcesDegrades fragile environmental resources Inauthentic representations of native culturesInauthentic representations of native cultures