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LATEST TRENDS in RENEWABLE

ENERGY and ENVIRONMENTAL

INFORMATICS

Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Renewable

Energy Sources (RES '13)

Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Environmental

Informatics (ENINF '13)

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

April 2-4, 2013

Scientific Sponsors:

University Kebangsaan

Malaysia

University of Petrosani

Romania

Universiti Teknologi

Malaysia

Energy, Environmental and Structural Engineering Series | 8

ISSN: 2227-4359

ISBN: 978-1-61804-175-3



INFORMATICS






April 2-4, 2013

Published by WSEAS Press

www.wseas.org

Copyright © 2013, by WSEAS Press

All the copyright of the present book belongs to the World Scientific and Engineering Academy and

Society Press. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval

system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or

otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Editor of World Scientific and Engineering Academy

and Society Press.

All papers of the present volume were peer reviewed by no less that two independent reviewers.

Acceptance was granted when both reviewers' recommendations were positive.

See also: http://www.worldses.org/review/index.html

ISSN: 2227-4359

ISBN: 978-1-61804-175-3



INFORMATICS






April 2-4, 2013

Editors:

Prof. Azami Zaharim, Universiti Kebangsaan, Malaysia.

Prof. Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Universiti Kebangsaan, Malaysia.

Reviewers:

Ahadollah Azami

Alena Bumbova

Ali Dashti Shafiei

Ali Salehipour

Arion Felix

Arvind Dhingra

Berrichi Faouzi

Catalin Croitoru

Claudio Guarnaccia

Corina Carranca

Cristina Barbu

Cristina Matos

Daniela Cristina Momete

Davorin Kralj

Denizar Cruz Martins

Dragoi Andreea

Dragos Ilie

Dumitru-Alexandru Bodislav

Emilia Dunca

Feridoun Nahidi Azar

Francesco Rotondo

Francisco Diniz

Giri Kattel

Grabara Janusz

Heimo Walter

Irene Zananiri

Jose Manuel Mesa Fernández

José Nunes

Kannan Subramanian

Karim Shirazi

Khaled Galal Ahmed

Krisztina Uzuneanu

Ligia Silva

Maria De Fátima Nunes De Carvalho

Mário Cesar do Espirito Santo Ramos

Mehdi Seyyed Almasi

Miguel Angel Vigil Berrocal

Mohamed Mohamed Bizanti

Mohamed Zahran

Monica Dumitrascu

Mueen Uddin Awan

Najib Altawell

Nubli Abdul Wahab

Oprita Razvan

Pablo Fdez-Arroyabe

Petr Hajek

Petr Mastny

Ramin Khodafarin

Reza Fathipour

Rodica Badescu

Roman Mihai Daniel

Saeid Eslamian

Sara Sadrzadehrafiei

Suzana Yusup

Tejinder Saggu

Usama Awan

Valeriy Perminov

Vasile Zotic

Yang Zhang

Zohreh Salavatizadeh

Table of Contents

Plenary Lecture 1: Solar Air Conditioning for an Institutional Building in Subtropical Climate 12

Mohammad G. Rasul

Plenary Lecture 2: Current Status of Renewable Energy Technology Options 13

Mohammad Alghoul

Plenary Lecture 3: Energy Efficient Ventilating Residential Buildings 14

Teet-Andrus Koiv

Plenary Lecture 4: Large Scale Solar Assisted Hot Water Heating Systems for Green Hospital 15

Kamaruzzaman Sopian

Design and Analysis of Wavelength Selective Wide Acceptance Angle Holographic Concentrator

for PV Application

17

Abhijit Ghosh, R. Ranjan, A. K. Nirala, H. L. Yadav

Conceptual Design of Wave Buoy Legged Spider Power Device 21

A. Priyanto, A. Maimun, M. Zamani, Jaswar, A. S. A. Kader

Improvement the Performance of a Direct Evaporative Cooler using the Liquid Desiccant

Dehumidification Concept

27

Abdulrahman Th. Mohammad, Sohif Bin Mat, M. Y. Sulaiman, K. Sopian, Abduljalil A. Al-Abidi

Experimental Investigation of Melting in Triplex Tube Thermal Energy Storage 33

Abduljalil A. Al-Abidi, Sohif Mat, K. Sopian, M. Y. Sulaiman, Abdulrahman Th. Mohammad

The Study of Thermoelectric Module with Various Thermal Conditions of Exhaust Gas from

Diesel Engine

39

Byungdeok In, Kihyung Lee

Experimental Investigation of a Solar Desiccant Cooling System 46

Arfidian Rachman, Zuraini Mohd. Enggsa,Sohif Mat, Kamaruzzaman Sopian

Optimization of Processing Parameters of Holographic Concentrator for Maximum Efficiency

Operation in PV System

50

R. Ranjan, Abhijit Ghosh, A. K. Nirala, H. L. Yadav

Power Prediction Analysis using Artificial Neural Network in MS Excel 54

Nurhashinmah Mahamad, Muhamad Kamal B. Mohammed Amin

Comparison of CFD Simulation on Tray Dryer System Between Porous and Solid Product 59

Suhaimi Misha, Sohif Mat, Mohd Hafidz Ruslan, Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Elias Salleh

Technology Review of Solar Assisted Heat Pump System for Hot Water Production 65

Mohamed Azly Abdul Aziz , Sohif Mat, Kamaruzzaman Sopian

Latest Trends in Renewable Energy and Environmental Informatics

ISBN: 978-1-61804-175-3 7

Experimental Investigation of Solar Hybrid Desiccant Air-Conditioning System Using Heat Pipe

Heat Exchanger

76

Zuraini Mohd Enggsa, Arfidian Rachman, M. Mehdi, Sohif Mat, Kamaruzzaman Sopian

Evaluation of Surface Photovoltage (SPV) in Al-Back Surface Fields Bifacial Solar Cell 81

Suhaila Sepeai, Saleem H. Zaidi, S. L. Cheow, M. Y. Sulaiman, K. Sopian, A. W. Azhari, N. A. Ludin,

M. Khairunaz

Initial Investigation on Movable-Fins Vertical Axis Wind Turbine 84

Willy Tjiu, Sohif Mat, Tjukup Marnoto, Mohd Hafidz Ruslan, Kamaruzzaman Sopian

Comparison Simulation between Ventilation and Recirculation of Solar Desiccant Cooling

System by TRNSYS in Hot and Humid Area

89

MMS Dezfouli, Sohif Mat, K. Sopian

Modeling and Simulation of Pico-Hydro Power Plant. Case Study in Southern Carpathians 94

Camelia Barbu, Adrian Dinoiu, Petre Vamvu

Modeling and Simulation of Wind Turbines in Southern Carpathians 100

Adrian Dinoiu, Camelia Barbu, Maria Pop

Equipment Designed to Control a Heating Hybrid System with Solid Fuel Boiler and Solar

Panels

106

Brana Liliana Samoila, Marius Daniel Marcu, Florin Gabriel Popescu

Evaluation of Drying Chili by Two Methods: Solar Assisted Heat Pump Dryer and Open Sun

Drying

112

MMS Dezfouli, Sohif Mat, Mohd Hafidz Ruslan, Kamaruzzaman Sopian

Photovoltaic Thermal (PV/T) Water Collector Experiment Study 117

Goh Li Jin, Mohd Yusof Hj Othman, Hafidz Ruslan, Kamaruzzaman Sopian

Low-Concentration Output Power Enhancement from Photovoltaic Panels 125

Ivan Adidharma Audwinto, Chan Hoy Yen, K. Sopian, Saleem H.Zaidi

The Performance of External Shading Devices and Daylighting Rule of Thumb for a Tropical

Climate

130

Muhamad Fadle Mohamad Abu Sadin, Nik Lukman Nik Ibrahim, Kamaruzzaman Sopian

Parametric Study on Water Based Photovoltaic Thermal Collector 135

M. A. M. Rosli, S. Mat, M. H. Ruslan, K. Sopian

Prospect and Future of Solar Dryer for Agricultural and Marine Product: Perspective Malaysia 141

Ahmad Fudholi, Mohd Yusof Othman, Mohd Hafidz Ruslan, Sohif Mat, Kamaruzzaman Sopian

Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality Evaluation of Hospital Patient Ward in Malaysia 150

F. Azizpour, S. Moghimi, E. Salleh, S.Mat, C.H.Lim, K. Sopian

Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of In Doped CdS Thin Films Prepared from Co-

Sputtering Technique

155

M. A. Islam, M. S. Hossain, M. M. Aliyu, Yusuf Sulaiman, T. Razykov, K. Sopian, N. Amin


ISBN: 978-1-61804-175-3 8

Large Scale Solar Assisted Hot Water Heating Systems invested at Green Hospital 161

Poorya Ooshaksaraei, Kamaruzzaman Sopian

An Investigation of Front Surface Field, Emitter and Base Doping Concentration on p-type

Screen Printed Back Contact Solar Cells

166

M. K. Mat Desa, S. A. Shahahmadi, Suhaila Sepeai, K. Sopian, M. Y. Sulaiman, Saleem H. Zaidi

Energy Saving and Emission Reduction by Applying Radiant Barrier Insulation on External

Wall Layers, Case Study of Large Scale Medical Center in Malaysia

170

S. Moghimi, F. Azizpour, E. Salleh, C. H. Lim, S. Mat, K. Sopian

The Prospects of a Promising Solar Thermal Concentrator (Fresnel Lens) for Cooking, Heating

and Electricity Generation

175

Abdukkarim Hamza El-Ladan, Chan Hoy Yen, Mohd Hafidz Ruslan, Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Saleem

Hussain Zaidi

Smart Appliance Scheduling Scheme for Smart Meters using Adaptive Particle Swarm

Optimization

181

Mohd. Moniruzzaman, Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Saleem H. Zaidi

Experimental Performance of Water-Filled Heat Pipe-Heat Exchanger 187

Ebrahim Alfegi, Alhadi Abosbaia, Khaled Mezughi, M. A. Alghoul, K. Sopian

Effect of Dust on Photovoltaic Performance: Review and Research Status 193

Zeki Ahmed, Hussein A Kazem, K. Sopian

Parametric Study for Savonius Vertical Axis Marine Current Turbine using CFD Simulation 200

Omar Yaakob, M. Arif Ismail, Yasser M. Ahmed

An Overview of the Key Components in the Pico Hydro Power Generation System 206

Mohd Farriz Basar, Masjuri Musa Othman

Characteristics of Lightweight Concrete Filled with Palm-Based Polyurethane 214

Kamarul Aini Mohd Sari, Sohif Mat, Khairiah Haji Badri, Muhammad Fauzi Mohd Zain

Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Method in Analyzing Different Design

Configurations of Venturi-Shaped Wind-Induced Natural Ventilation Towers

219

C. H. Lim, Omidreza Saadatian, M. Yusof Sulaiman, Sohif Mat, K. Sopian, Mohd. Razali Mahyuddin,

K. C. Ng

Numerical Modeling of Silicon/Germanium (Si/Ge) Superlattice Solar Cells 233

Ahmad Aizan Zulkefle, Maslan Zainon, Zaihasraf Zakaria, Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Nowshad Amin

R&D of Advanced Solar Dryers in Malaysia: (1) Air Based Solar Collectors 238

Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Ahmad Fudholi, Mohd Yusof Othman, Mohd Hafidz Ruslan, Sohif Mat

R&D of Advanced Solar Dryers in Malaysia: (2) Water Based Solar Collectors 247

Kamaruzzaman Sopian, Ahmad Fudholi, Mohd Yusof Othman, Mohd Hafidz Ruslan, Sohif Mat

Absorption Spectrum of N719 and SQ1 Dye on TiO2 Surface of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell 255

N. Ahmad-Ludin, N. Abdul-Karim, M. A. Mat-Teridi, M. A. Ibrahim, S. Sepeai, K. Sopian, M. Y.

Sulaiman, Nilofar Asim


ISBN: 978-1-61804-175-3 9

Current Financing Models and Issues in the Malaysian Green Technology Projects 259

N. Ahmad-Ludin, N. H. Hamid, M.A. Mohd-Bakria, M.A Mat-Teridi, S. Sapeai, M. A. Ibrahim, K.

Sopian, S. Mat, C. Siwar

Engine Performance and Economic Impact Study of Diesel-Like Tire Pyrolysis Oil 267

C. Wongkhorsub, N. Chindaprasert, S. Peanprasit

Mathematical Modelling of Solar Drying of Thin Layer Ginger 273

Ahmad Fudholi, Mohd Hafidz Ruslan, Mohd Yusof Othman, Azami Zaharim, Kamaruzzaman Sopian

Mathematical Model of Double-Pass Solar Air Collector 279

Ahmad Fudholi, Mohd Hafidz Ruslan, Mohd Yusof Othman, Kamaruzzaman Sopian

Prediction the Outlet Temperature of Finned Double-Pass Solar Air Collector 284


Mathematical Modeling for the Drying Curves of Turmeric 290

Ahmad Fudholi, Norfazlina Mohd Ariffin, Mohd Hafidz Ruslan, Mohd Yusof Othman, Kamaruzzaman

Sopian

Energy Consumption of Hybrid Solar Drying System (HSDS) with Rotating Rack for Salted

Silver Jewfish

294


Drying Curve Modelling of Salted Silver Jewfish under Open and Solar Drying 299

Ahmad Fudholi, Mohd Hafidz Ruslan, Mohd Yusof Othman, Azami Zaharim, Kamaruzzaman Sopian

Design of PV-“Single Phase Grid” Electric Vehicle Charging System 304

Fadhil Yousif, M. A. Alghoul, Ebrahim Alfegi, Nilofar Asim, K. Sopian

Simulation of Hybrid PV-“3 Phase Grid” Electric Vehicle Charging System 310

Fadhil Yousif, M. A. Alghoul, Ebrahim Alfegi, Nilofar Asim, K. Sopian

Stability Study of Alkyl Monolayers Directly Attached to Si (111) Surface for Solar Cells

Application

316

Mohd Adib Ibrahim, Mohd Asri Mat Teridi, Norasikin Ahmad Ludin, Suhaila Sepeai, Kamaruzzaman

Sopian, Nicholas Alderman, Lefteris Danos, Tomas Markvart

Solar Air Conditioning for an Institutional Building in Subtropical Climate 323

M. G. Rasul, Ali M. Baniyounes, M. K. K. Khan

An Overview of Solar Thermal Desalination Technologies 335

I. Ullah, M. G. Rasul, M. M. K. Khan

Thermal Performance Analysis of Rooftop Greenery System in subtropical climate of Australia 341

M. Anwar, M. G. Rasul, M. M. K. Khan

Malaysian Low Cost Housing; Needs and Barriers 347

B. Bakhtyar, A. Zaharim, K. Sopian, Ch. Lim


ISBN: 978-1-61804-175-3 10

Spatial Drought Assessment Using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques in Northwest region of

Liaoning, China

355

Fujun Sun, Meng-Lung Lin, Cheng-Hwang Perng, Qiubing Wang, Yi-Chiang Shiu, Chiung-Hsu Liu

Exploring Spatial Pattern of Tourist Behavior Using Geographic Information Techniques 361

Chiung-Hsu Liu, Tzu-How Chu, Meng-Lung Lin, Chia-Hao Chang

Risk Assessment Mapping of Waste Dumping through a GIS-based Certainty Factor Model

Combining Remotely Sensed Spectral Unmixing Model with Spatial Analysis

367

Tzu-How Chu, Meng-Lung Lin, Yi-Shiang Shiu

Effect of Oil Spill Pollution in Malacca Strait to Marine Ecosystem 373

Jaswar, M. Rashidi, A. Maimun

Authors Index 378


ISBN: 978-1-61804-175-3 11

Plenary Lecture 1

Solar Air Conditioning for an Institutional Building in Subtropical Climate

Associate Professor Mohammad G. Rasul

School of Engineering and Built Environment

Faculty of Sciences, Engineering and Health

Central Queensland University, Queensland 4702

Australia

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Air conditioning is one of the major consumers of electrical energy. The most of the ways of generating the electricity today, as well as the refrigerants being used in traditional vapour compression cooling system, produce greenhouse gas emissions which ultimately contribute to global warming. It is therefore necessary to develop process and technology to implementing renewable sources of energy for air conditioning to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to achieve sustainable development. The use of solar energy to drive cooling cycles for space conditioning is relatively a new and attractive concept which mostly eliminates the need for CFC, HCFC or HFC refrigerants. In this presentation an overview of a hybrid solar desiccant cooling system which has been designed and installed in an institutional building of Central Queensland University, Rockhampton campus, Australia is presented. Solar desiccant cooling technology consists of solar system, dehumidification system and a cheap chilling system like an evaporative cooling system. The main concept of desiccant cooling system is based on the system’s capability of reducing vapours and moisture contents out of air using a physical sorption process. The conceptual bases of the technology, capability and limitations are outlined. The energy demand, energy consumption, and economic and environmental problem associated with the usage of fossil fuel resources in Australian commercial buildings and the issues of indoor air quality, mould growth and indoor thermal comfort are discussed. Furthermore, experimental and computational results of the performance of installed solar desiccant cooling system is presented and discussed. The results are analysed on the basis of energy savings, solar fraction (SF), primary energy used, coefficient of performance (COP) and desiccant system efficiency. Results showed that the installed solar desiccant cooling system at Central Queensland University can achieve 18% energy savings with maximum coefficient of performance of 0.83 and 48% desiccant efficiency. Brief Biography of the Speaker: Associate Professor Mohammad Rasul obtained his PhD in the area of Energy, Environment and Thermodynamics from The University of Queensland, Australia. He received his Master of Engineering in Energy Technology from Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand. His first degree is in Mechanical Engineering. Currently, he is an Associate Professor in Mechanical Engineering of the School of Engineering and Built Environment at Central Queensland University, Australia. He is specialised and experienced in research, teaching and consultancy in the areas of thermodynamics, energy (industrial and renewable) and environment, and resource industries and sustainability. He has published more than 200 research articles/papers both in reputed journals and refereed conferences including 7 book chapters, two edited books, one awarded paper in a refereed journal and two awarded papers at conferences in the area of energy and thermodynamics. He has supervised more than a dozen of research higher degree (RHD) students (PhD and Masters) and currently supervising twelve. In the last five years he has secured more than $2.4 million research grant. His research has made significant impact to national and international scientific communities through a large number of citations and h-index. He has also made significant contributions in engineering education research and scholarships in the area of project based learning and innovative teaching practices. He has edited two books, one on Developments in Engineering Education Standards: Advanced Curriculum Innovations and another on Thermal Power Plants. Currently he is editing Advanced Applications of Thermal Power Plants. His contributions to the professional community have been demonstrated through his varied roles and activities, such as membership of national and international technical, scientific and advisory committees, membership of different professional organizations and various organizing committees. He has been leading and contributing to the strategic research on Resource Industries and Sustainability in Energy and Environment.


ISBN: 978-1-61804-175-3 12

Plenary Lecture 2

Current Status of Renewable Energy Technology Options

Associate Professor Mohammad Alghoul

Solar Energy Research Institute

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 Bangi Selangor

MALAYSIA

Email: [email protected]

Abstract: World energy needs are the biggest challenge and are projected to increase sharply in the next decades. The non-renewable energy sources are finite and their extraction/usage is causing damage to the environment. For worldwide peace and prosperity, energy sector must be environmentally friendly, secure, efficient and cost effective in order to meet the world energy demand and world population trend. Renewable energy technology options could satisfy the global electricity, (heat/cool) demand and transport fuels. Current status of renewable energy sources and their technologies will be highlighted. Trend of global investment, global growth rates and market share of renewable energy are discussed. Renewable technology options in terms of cost and system capacity are also discussed. Brief Biography of the Speaker: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohammad Alghoul obtained his BSc in Physics, MSc in Solar Energy & Energy Technology and PhD in Solar Energy. He is presently senior research fellow at solar energy Research Institute, a center of excellence for the research and development in solar energy technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. He has been involved in the field of solar energy for more than 12 years. His main contributions are in (active/passive) solar (Thermal/Photovoltaic) materials and applications. He has published over 60 research papers in journals and conferences. He has delivered keynotes speeches at international and national conferences on renewable energy.


ISBN: 978-1-61804-175-3 13

Plenary Lecture 3

Energy Efficient Ventilating Residential Buildings

Professor Teet-Andrus Koiv

Department of Environmental Engineering

Tallinn University of Technology

Estonia


Abstract: Residential buildings make up the largest share of buildings. The presentation deals primarily with energy-saving ventilation problems in Eastern European residential buildings, a substantial part of apartment buildings. A large part of the apartments buildings in this area is naturally ventilated and were built in the years 1960-1990. Since the end of the last century such apartment buildings have been intensively renovated. First, low hermetic windows were exchanged, as a result of which air change decreased several times. The characteristics of indoor climate in such a situation are given. It has become clear that renovating the ventilation is essential. The possible solutions for renovating the ventilation in old apartment buildings are the following: -Installation of fresh air valves in buildings with natural ventilation - increase in heating costs. -Balancing ventilation - almost impossible to use in renovating old apartment buildings (Difficult to install supply air channels). -Apartment based balancing ventilation - difficult to use in old apartment buildings as people do not like duct installation in the flat. -Exhaust mechanical ventilation with the heat pump and fresh air valves in living rooms - one of the possible solutions. -Installation of the room based air handling units (AHU) and exhaust ventilators in the WC, bathroom and kitchen - one of the possible efficient solutions. Since the latter two are energy efficient solutions – solutions based on heat recovery - the presentation focuses on their research results. The review and study of exhaust mechanical ventilation with the heat pump system in old and new apartment buildings are given. From room-based ventilation aggregates, the use of recuperative and regenerative AHU-s has been studied. Brief Biography of the Speaker: T.-A.Koiv received his M.Sc. in Thermal Engineering from the Tallinn University of Technology and the PhD at the Institute of Civil Engineering of St Petersburg in Heating, Heat Supply, Ventilation and Air Conditioning in 1978. Since 2003 he has been Full Professor and Head of the Chair of Heating and Ventilation at the Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia. He has read several courses in the field of Thermal Engineering, Heat Supply, Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning, Renovation of HVAC systems at the Tallinn University of Technology. At present he supervises 6 PhD students. Prof T.-A.Koiv has 18 inventions and patents in the field of Heating and Heat Supply. He is an active researcher in the field of energy efficiency, indoor climate and building service systems. He is the author of the 10 book and textbooks. Dr. Koiv has published more than 100 papers in books, journals and conference proceedings. Prof. Koiv has received an award of Silver medal for his inventive activities at the Exhibition of the Achievements of National Economy. He is vice dean (in the field of science) of the Civil Engineering Faculty of the Tallinn University of Technology and head of several projects (Baltic cooperation in energy efficiency and feasibility in urban planning – ENEF, Decreasing the consumption of heat energy by awareness rising and performance of consumers based on measurements of individual heating costs, Minimum requirements for energy performance - additional analysis, new international master program “Energy Efficiency of Buildings”, Energy Auditing and Certification of Buildings, Doctoral School of Civil and Environmental Engineering). He is a member of CBI and WSSET. He has been reviewer of Journals and member of Scientific Committee of Conferences. His research and activity has made significant impact to national scientific and engineering communities.


ISBN: 978-1-61804-175-3 14

Plenary Lecture 4

Large Scale Solar Assisted Hot Water Heating Systems for Green Hospital

Professor Kamaruzzaman Sopian

Solar Energy Research Institute

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Malaysia


Abstract: Concerns over the impact of the environment on the massive usage of fossil fuels, combined with soaring energy prices, triggered increased interest in the use of solar energy. One of the most attractive applications of solar energy is for hot water usage in the public and commercial sector. The available building surface for the residential, commercial and industrial sector is approximately 110,000,000 m2. Hence, the potential for solar heaters for Malaysia is 75 GW(thermal). There are over 100 hospitals and hotels throughout the nation that the existing hot water system can be converted to solar assisted system and hence increase the market of the solar energy systems. Hospitals and hotels utilized over 30 % of the total energy consumption for water heating. A case study of such facilities is the Hospital University Kebangsaan Malaysia (HUKM)) was presented. Presently, cold water enters the calorifiers directly, which are heated by LPG boilers. Larger amount of LPG is used and much amount of greenhouse gases is released. The hot water system for the hospital is provided by a boiler, total of eight calorifiers. The unit used to run 24 hours a day. The average solar radiation for Kuala Lumpur is 16.92 MJ / m² / day. The evacuated tube collectors with all the required controls system have been proposed and installed. Simple calculations on the energy output, savings on LPG and reduction of CO2 have been conducted. Preliminary results indicated that the saving on LPG based on proposed system was more than 20%. With a prospect of 100 hospitals and hotels throughout the nation, this project shall improve public awareness in energy conservation in the hot water production of their buildings and increase the market of the solar energy systems. Brief Biography of the Speaker: Prof. Dr. Kamaruzzaman Bin Sopian obtained his BSc in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1985, MSc in Energy Resources from the University of Pittsburgh in 1989 and PhD. in Mechanical Engineering from the Dorgan Solar Laboratory, University of Miami in 1997. He is presently the Professor in Renewable Energy at the Department of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Currently, he is the Director of the Solar Energy Research Institute, a center of excellence for the research and development in solar energy technology. He has been involved in the field of solar energy for more than twenty years. His main contributions are in solar radiation modeling, alternative material for solar absorber, solar water heating system with integrated storage system, solar desalination, solar cooling, daylighting using solar light pipes, solar assisted drying systems, grid-connected photovoltaic system, thin film silicon solar cells, combined photovoltaic thermal or hybrid collector and solar hydrogen production system. He has published over 400 research papers in journals and conferences. He has delivered keynotes speeches at national and international conferences on renewable energy. He is the founding member of the Malaysian Institute of Energy, member of the World Renewable Energy Network based in the United Kingdom and is an associate editor of the Renewable Energy and Sustainable Cities and Society published by Elsevier Ltd. He heads several national subcommittees on renewable energy by the Malaysian government to promote awareness, market enhancement, policy studies and the applications renewable energy.


ISBN: 978-1-61804-175-3 15

Authors Index

Abdul Aziz , M. A. 65 Ghosh, A. 17, 50 Misha, S. 59

Abdul-Karim, N. 255 Hamid, N. H. 259 Moghimi, S. 150, 170

Abosbaia, A. 187 Hossain, M. S. 155 Mohammad, A. T. 27, 33

Abu Sadin, M. F. M. 130 Ibrahim, M. A. 255, 259 Mohd Sari, K. A. 214

Adib Ibrahim, M. 316 In, B. 39 Mohd Zain, M. F. 214

Ahmad-Ludin, N. 255, 259 Islam, M. A. 155 Mohd-Bakria, M. A. 259

Ahmed, Y. M. 200 Ismail, M. A. 200 Moniruzzaman, M. 181

Ahmed, Z. 193 Jaswar 21, 373 Ng, K. C. 219

Al-Abidi, A. A. 27, 33 Jin, G. L. 117 Nik Ibrahim, N. L. N. 130

Alderman, N. 316 Kader, A. S. A. 21 Nirala, A. K. 17, 50

Alfegi, E. 187, 304, 310 Kazem, H. A. 193 Ooshaksaraei, P. 161

Alghoul, M. A. 187, 304, 310 Khairunaz, M. 81 Othman, M. M. 206

Aliyu, M. M. 155 Khan, M. K. K. 323 Othman, M. Y. 117, 141, 238

Amin, M. K. B. M. 54 Khan, M. M. K. 335, 341 Othman, M. Y. 247, 273, 279

Amin, N. 155 Lee, K. 39 Othman, M. Y. 284, 290

Amin, N. 233 Lim, C. 347 Othman, M. Y. 294, 299

Anwar, M. 341 Lim, C. H. 150 Peanprasit, S. 267

Ariffin, N. M. 290 Lim, C. H. 170, 219 Perng, C.-H. 355

Asim, N. 255, 304, 310 Lin, M.-L. 355, 361, 367 Pop, M. 100

Audwinto, I. A. 125 Liu, C.-H. 355, 361 Popescu, F. G. 106

Azhari, A. W. 81 Ludin, N. A. 81 Priyanto, A. 21

Azizpour, F. 150, 170 Ludin, N. A. 316 Rachman, A. 46, 76

Badri, K. H. 214 Mahamad, N. 54 Ranjan, R. 17, 50

Bakhtyar, B. 347 Mahyuddin, M. R. 219 Rashidi, M. 373

Baniyounes, A. M. 323 Maimun, A. 21, 373 Rasul, M. G. 323, 335, 341

Barbu, C. 94, 100 Marcu, M. D. 106 Razykov, T. 155

Basar, M. F. 206 Markvart, T. 316 Rosli, M. A. M. 135

Chang, C.-H. 361 Marnoto, T. 84 Ruslan, H. 117

Cheow, S. L. 81 Mat Teridi, M. A. 316 Ruslan, M. H. 59, 84

Chindaprasert, N. 267 Mat, S. 27, 33, 46 Ruslan, M. H. 112, 135

Chu, T.-H. 361, 367 Mat, S. 59, 65, 76 Ruslan, M. H. 141, 175, 238

Danos, L. 316 Mat, S. 84, 89, 112 Ruslan, M. H. 247, 273, 279

Desa, M. K. M. 166 Mat, S. 135, 170, 259 Ruslan, M. H. 284, 290

Dezfouli, MMS. 89, 112 Mat, S. 141, 214, 219 Ruslan, M. H. 294, 299

Dinoiu, A. 94, 100 Mat, S. 150 Saadatian, O. 219

El-Ladan, A. H. 175 Mat, S. 238, 247 Salleh, E. 59

Enggsa, Z. M. 46, 76 Mat-Teridi, M. A. 255 Salleh, E. 150, 170

Fudholi, A. 141, 238, 247 Mat-Teridi, M. A. 259 Samoila, B. L. 106

Fudholi, A. 273, 279, 284 Mehdi, M. 76 Sapeai, S. 259, 255

Fudholi, A. 290, 294, 299 Mezughi, K. 187 Sepeai, S. 81, 166, 316


ISBN: 978-1-61804-175-3 378

Shahahmadi, S. A. 166 Sopian, K. 273, 279, 284 Yaakob, O. 200

Shiu, Y.-C. 355, 367 Sopian, K. 290, 294, 299 Yadav, H. L. 17, 50

Siwar, C. 259 Sopian, K. 304, 310 Yen, C. H. 125, 175

Sopian, K. 27, 33, 46 Sopian, K. 316, 347 Yousif, F. 304, 310

Sopian, K. 59, 65, 76 Sulaiman, M. Y. 27, 33, 81 Zaharim, A. 273, 299, 347

Sopian, K. 81, 84, 89 Sulaiman, M. Y. 166, 219, 255 Zaidi, S. H. 81, 166, 175

Sopian, K. 112, 117, 125 Sulaiman, Y. 155 Zaidi, S. H. 181, 125

Sopian, K. 130, 135, 141 Sun, F. 355 Zainon, M. 233

Sopian, K. 150, 155, 161 Tjiu, W. 84 Zakaria, Z. 233

Sopian, K. 166, 170, 175 Ullah, I. 335 Zamani, M. 21

Sopian, K. 181, 187, 193 Vamvu, P. 94 Zulkefle, A. Z. 233

Sopian, K. 219, 233, 238 Wang, Q. 355

Sopian, K. 247, 255, 259 Wongkhorsub, C. 267


ISBN: 978-1-61804-175-3 379

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