laravel - website development in php framework

Laravel The PHP Framework For Web Artisans

Presented by : Syeda Aimen BatoolDeveloper @ Swaam Tech

We will discuss:• Laravel Features• Composer and Laravel Setup• Directory Structure• Routing• Controller & Model• CRUD Examples• Database Migrations• User Authentication• Controller to View Communication• Basic Commands• Databases (Basic Queries)• Form Validation• Blade Template Engine

Quick Guide On Laravel

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FeaturesLaravel is an open source MVC PHP Framework under MIT license. Bundles are packages which you can download to add particular functionality in your web application to save coding and time. Eloquent ORM provides a simple ActiveRecord implementation for working with database.Class Auto loading assures that correct components are loaded at correct time.Unit testing allows users to easily create and run unit tests to ensure application stability.


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Requirements• Apache or any other compatible web server• PHP Version should be 5.5.9 or greater • PDO PHP Extension should be enabled PDO is by default enable in php 5.1.0 or greater. You can manually activate by uncommenting statement below in php.ini by removing semicolon at beginning extension=php_pdo.dll

• OpenSSL PHP Extension should be enabled to manually activate OpenSSL extension uncomment the line extension=php_openssl.dll by removing the semicolon at beginning

• okenizer PHP Extension should be enabledThis extension is by default enabled in php versions 4.3.0 or greater


MVC Layers• Model (Eloquent ORM)

Model represents the logical structure of an application e.g. list of database record

• View (Blade Engine) View displays the data user see on screen such as buttons, display boxes etc.

• Controller Controller represents the classes connecting the view and model, it helps model and view to communicate with each other


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Composer and Laravel Setup:• A dependencies management tool.• Download Composer from here.• Run setup.• Browse php.exe file under xampp/php/php.exe.• After successful installation; open your cmd. open cmd execute composer.phar to check if composer is successfully installed

• Download the Laravel installer by writing given command in cmd.Composer global require “laravel/installer=~1.1”

• Create a new project by running following command in cmd.Composer create-project laravel/laravel --prefer-dist Installing…


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https://getcomposer.org/

Hello Laravel • After installation hit “http://localhost/laravel/public/” in your

browser• Remove public from your url by following this:– Go to D:\xampp\htdocs\laravel\public– Cut index.php and .htaccess file and paste here: D:\xampp\htdocs\laravel – Open index.php and change bootstrap path: ../../bootstrap/ to ../bootstrap/ in whole file– Now hit your url without public “http://localhost/laravel/”– Congratulations ! You have successfully setup Laravel.


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Directory Structure:• Routes are available under app directory:

D:\xamp\htdocs\laravel\app\Http\routes.php

• Controllers are available at:D:\xamp\htdocs\laravel\app\Http\Controller

• User Authentication is available at:D:\xamp\htdocs\laravel\app\Http\Controllers\Auth

• All your assets and views are available at:D:\xamp\htdocs\laravel\resources

• Models are available at:D:\xamp\htdocs\laravel\app


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My First Routes:All routes are available at D:\xamp\htdocs\laravel\app\Http\routes.php

• Default Route:A root looks like => Route::get('/home', 'WelcomeController@index');Where ‘/home’ is you will enter in url 'WelcomeController is your application controller Index is a function in your controllerHitting ‘/home’ in url will invoke your controller and call function index

– Route::get(‘Home', ‘HomeController@index');

– Route::post(‘application/create', ‘ApplicationController@create');

– Route::patch(‘application/update', ‘ApplicationController@update');


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Named Routes:• Giving a specific name to a route:

Route::get('songs',['as'=>'songs_path‘ , 'uses'=>'SongsController@index']); where songs_path Is name specified to this particular route, we can use this name in our app instead of

writing route. e.g. <a href="{{ route('songs_path')}}"> will be a hyperlink to this route.

• Just an other way:$router -> get('songs',['as'=>'songs_path','uses'=>'SongsController@index']);We can define routes in a way above also.


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Make Controller

• Open cmd and write php artisan make:controller SongController

• Controller is created with following default functions: I. create()II. store(Request $request)III. show($id)IV. edit($id)V. update(Request $request, $id)VI. destroy($id)


Make Model

• Write following command in cmd: php artisan make:model Song

• Model will be downloaded under app directory


Make Database Migration

• Write following command in cmd php artisan make:migration create_songs_table --create=songs Find your migration here D:\xampp\htdocs\laravel\database\migrations

• It has two functions up and down.• Up function contains the description of your database table fields. • Down function contains the query to drop your database table.


Run Migration• Before running migration open .env file from your project’s root directory.• Setup your database name and credentials:

• After defining your table fields in UP function; run following command in cmd: php artisan migrate

• Your table is now created in database after successful run of above command.


Define Your Routes

• You can not perform any action without defining your application routes.

• Define all your routes in your route file.


User Authentication

• These lines help you to authenticate user in laravel Route::controllers([ 'auth' => 'Auth\AuthController', 'password' => 'Auth\PasswordController' ]);

URL above will be accessed by logged users only.


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Songs ListingQuick Guide On Laravel

Insert a Song

• An object of model song is created.• Value are assigned to fields and then saved in table.


Insert a Song

• Another way


Insert a Song Form Quick Guide On Laravel

Songs ListingQuick Guide On Laravel

Update a Song


Updated Songs Quick Guide On Laravel

Delete a Song


Updated Record


Controller to ViewPassing data to view: return view('songs.show',compact('song'));

where ‘song’ variable contains your data, compact method will send your data to the view named show under songs directory.


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Success / Failure Message from Controller• Passing success/failure message

• Another waySetting message to a specific file create under songs directory.


Display Message in View


Commands You Must Know:• To make a controller php artisan make:controller SongController

• To make a migration php artisan make:migration create_Songs_table --create=songs

• To make a model php artisan make:model Song

• Checking request parameters (Debugging) dd(\Request::get('lyrics')); dd(\Request::input();)


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DATABASE INTERACTION


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Databases Laravel SupportsCurrently four databases are supported by laravel:• MySQL• Postgre• SQLite• SQL Server


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CRUD • Saving a new record write the following lines of code in controller $song = new Song; // Song is your model, $song is object of class Song $song->title = ‘First Song'; $song->save(); // saving your data

• Saving a new record (another way) in controller $song = Song::create([title' => First song']);

• Retrieve the song by the attributes, or create it if it doesn't exist in controller $song = Song::firstOrCreate([‘title' => First song']);


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CRUD Continued • Updating a model $song = Song::find(1); $song->title = ‘2nd song '; $song->save();Find model by id and update the title field with new title.

• Delete a record $song = Song::find(1); $song->delete();


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Some Common Queries • Get all data $result = Student::all();

• Get a single record $song = DB::table(‘songs')->where('name', ‘First song')->first();

• Getting a single value from a row $lyrics = DB::table(‘songs')->where('name', First song')->value(‘lyrics');

• Get a list of column values $titles = DB::table(‘songs')->lists('title'); foreach ($titles as $title) { echo $title; }


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Forms in LaravelLaravel4 contained a form helper package which is removed from LaravelIf form helper is not included by default Open cmd and write composer require "illuminate/html":"5.0.*"

Then add the service provider and aliases Open /config/app.php and update as follows:'providers' => [ ... 'Illuminate\Html\HtmlServiceProvider', ], ‘aliases' => [ ... 'Form'=> 'Illuminate\Html\FormFacade', ‘HTML'=> 'Illuminate\Html\HtmlFacade', ],


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Form Validation $this->validate($request, [ 'title' => 'required|max:2', ‘lyrics' => 'required|min:10', ]);

You can validate your fields using validate function.

Don’t forget to include form helper!


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Quick View of Blade Template • Laravel officially use Blade Template engine for views. • File is saved with .blade.php extention • Rich syntax of blade templates is sync with Phpstorm latest

version.


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Blade Template Syntax TripA blade layout<html><body> @section('sidebar') This is the master sidebar. @show

<div class="container"> @yield('content') </div> </body></html>


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Blade Template Syntax Trip@extends('layouts.master')

@section('sidebar') <p>This is appended to the master sidebar.</p>@stop

@section('content') <p>This is my body content.</p>@stop

@section defines the content section for our page, such as header, footer, left bar etc. which you can yield as in previous slide.


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Control Structures• Conditional Statements@if ($var == 1 ) value is one! @elseif ($var == 2) Value is two!@else Zero value ! @endif

@unless (Auth::check()) You are not signed in.@endunless


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Loops in Blade@for(…) // stuff to do @endfor

@while(condition)//stuf to do @endwhile

@foreach($loops as $loop)// stuff to do@endforeach


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