LAMONS JACKETED AND

SOLID METAL GASKETS

CROSS.SECTIONALVIEWS

METALLICGASKET MATERIALS

Normally Stocked or Available.

Carbon Steel304 Stainless Steel304L Stainless Steel316 Stainless Steel316L Stainless Steel321 Stainless Steel347 Stainless Steel410 Stainless Steel502/501 Stainless SteelAlloy 20AluminumBrassCopperCupro NickelHastelloy B@Hastelloy C-276@Inconel 600@Incoloy BOO@Monel 400@Nickel 200@

Phosphor BronzeTitaniumOther Metals

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340

344 395346 399

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370 377

392 394 315 320

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LAMONS METALLIC GASKET MATERIALS

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CARBON STEEL Commercial quality sheet steel with an upper temperature limit of approx-imately 1O00°F.,particularly if conditions are oxidizing. Not suitable forhandling crude acids or aqueous solutions of salts in the neutral or acidrange. A high rate of failure may be expected in hot water service if thematerial is highly stressed. Concentrated acids and most alkalies havelittle or no action on iron and steel gaskets which are used regularly forsuch services. Brinell hardness is approximately 120.

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304 STAINLESS STEEL An 18-8 (Chromium 18-20%, Nickel 8-10%) Stainless with a maximumrecommended working temperature of 1400°F. At least 80% of applica-tions for non-corrosive services can use Type 304 Stainless in thetemperature range of - 320°F. to 1000° F. Excellent corrosion resistanceto a wide variety of chemicals. Subject to stress corrosion cracking and tointergranular corrosion at temperatures between 800° F. to 1500° F. inpresence of certain media for prolonged periods of time. Brinell hardnessis approximately 160.

304L STAINLESS STEEL Carbon content maintained at a maximum of .03%. Recommendedmaximum working temperature of 1400° F. Same excellent corrosionresistance as Type 304. This low carbon content tends to reduce theprecipitation of carbides along grain boundaries. Less subject to inter-granular corrosion than Type 304. Brinell hardness is about 140.

........... 316 STAINLESS STEEL An 18-12 Chromium-Nickel steel with approximately 2% of Molybdenumadded to the straight 18-8 alloy which increases its strength at elevatedtemperatures and results in somewhat improved corrosion resistance. Hasthe highest creep strength at elevated temperatures of any conventionalstainless type. Not suitable for extended service within the carbideprecipitation range of 800° to 1650° F. when corrosive conditions aresevere. Recommended maximum working temperature of 1400° F. Brinellhardness is approximately 160.

316.L STAINLESS STEEL Continuous maximum temperature range of 1400° to 1500° F. Carbon con-tent held at a maximum of .03%. Subject to a lesser degree of stress cor-rosion cracking and also to intergranular corrosion than Type 304. Brinellhardness is about 140.

321 STAINLESS STEEL An 18-10Chromium-Nickel steel with a Titanium addition. Type 321stainless has the same characteristics as Type 347. The recommendedmaximum working temperature is 1400° to 1500° F.and in some instances1600° F. Brinell hardness is about 150.

347 STAINLESS STEEL An 18-10Chromium-Nickel steel with the addition of Columbium. Not assubject to intergranular corrosion as is Type 304. Is subject to stress corro-sion. Recommended maximum working temperature of 1400° to 1500° F.and in some instances to 1700° F. Brinell hardness is approximately 160.

'"'" 410 STAINLESS STEEL A 12% Chromium steel with a maximum temperature range of 1200° F. to1300° F. Used for applications requiring good resistanceto scaling atelevated temperatures. Is not recommended for use where severe corro-sion is encountered but is still very useful for some chemical applications.May be used where dampness, alone or coupled with chemical pollution,causes steel to fail quickly. Brinell hardness is around 160. 3

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502/501 4-6 % Chromium and V2 Molybdenum alloyed for mild corrosive resistanceand elevated service. Maximum working temperature is 1200° F. and hasa Brinell hardness of around 130. If severe corrosion is anticipated, a bet-ter grade of stainless steel would probably be a better choice. Becomesextremely hard when welded, so stress relieving is recommended for weld-ed gaskets to maintain uniform hardness.

ALLOY 20 45% Iron, 24% Nickel, 20% Chromium, and small amounts of Molyb-denum and Copper. Maximum temperature range of 1400° to 1500° F.Developed specifically for applications requiring resistance to corrosion bysulphuric acid. Brinell hardness is about 160.

ALUMINUM Alloy 1100 is commercially pure (99% minimum). Its excellent corrosionresistance and workability makes it ideal for double jacketed gaskets. TheBrinell hardness is approximately 35. For solid gaskets, stronger alloys like5052 and 3003 are used. Maximum continuous service temperature of 800°F.

BRASS Yellowbrass 268 has 66% Copper and 34% Zinc. Offers excellent to goodcorrosion resistance in most environments, but is not suitable for suchmaterials as acetic acid, acetylene, ammonia, and salt. Maximum recom-mended temperature limit of 5000 F. Brinell hardness is about 58.

COPPER Nearly pure copper with trace amounts of silver added to increase itsworking temperature. Recommended maximum continuous workingtemperature of 500° F. Brinell hardness is about 80.

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CUPRO NICKEL Contains 69% Copper, 30% Nickel, and small amounts of Manganese andIron. Designed to handle high stresses, it finds its greatest application inareas where high temperatures and pressures combined with high velocityand destructive turbulence would rapidly deteriorate many less resistantalloys. Maximum recommended temperature limit of 500° F. Brinell hard-ness is about 70.

HASTELLOY B@ 26-30% Molybdenum, 62% Nickel, and 4-6% Iron. Maximum temperaturerange of 2000° F. Resistant to hot, concentrated hydrochloric acid. Alsoresists the corrosive effects of wet hydrogen chlorine gas, sulphuric andphosphoric acids and reducing salt solutions. Useful for high temperaturestrength. Brinell hardness is approximately 230.

HASTELLOY C.276@ 16-18% Molybdenum, 13-17.5% Chromium, 3.7-5.3% Tungsten, 4.5-7%Iron, and the balance is Nickel. Maximum temperature range of 2000° F.Very good in handling corrosives. High resistance to cold nitric acid ofvarying concentrations as well as boiling nitric acid up to 70% concentra-tion. Good resistance to hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid. Excellentresistance to stress corrosion cracking. Brinell hardness is about 210.

INCONEL 600@Recommended maximum working temperature of 2000° F.and in some in-stances 21500 F. Is a nickel base alloy containing 77% Nickel, 15%Chromium and 7% Iron. Excellent high temperature strength. Frequentlyused to overcome the problem of stress corrosion. Has excellentmechanical properties at the cryogenic temperature range. Brinell hardnessis about 150.

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INCOLOY 800@

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32.5% Nickel, 46% Iron, 21% Chromium. Resistant to elevatedtemperatures, oxidation, and carburization. Recommended maximumtemperature of 16000 F. Brinell hardness is about 150.

MONEL 400@ Maximum temperature range of 1500° F. Contains 67% Nickel and 30%Copper. Excellent resistance to most acids and alkalies, except strong ox-idizing acids. Subject to stress corrosion cracking when exposed tofluorosilic acid, mercuric chloride and mercury, and should not be usedwith these media. Brinell hardness is about 120.

NICKEL 200@ Recommended maximum working temperature is 14000 F. and evenhigher under controlled conditions. Corrosion resistance makes it useful incaustic alkalies and where resistance in structural applications to corro-sion is a prime consideration. .Does not have the all-around excellentresistance of Monel. Brinell hardness is about 110.

PHOSPHOR BRONZE 90-95% Copper, 5-10% Tin, and trace amounts of phosphorus. Maximumtemperature range of 5000 F. Excellent cold working capacity. Limited tolow temperature steam applications. Excellent corrosion resistance, butnot suitable for acetylene, ammonia, chromic acid, mercury, and potassiumcyanide. Brinell hardness is approximately 65.

'-"TITANIUM Maximum temperature range of 20000 F. Excellent corrosion resistance

even at high temperatures. Known as the "best solution" to chloride ionattack. Resistant to nitric acid in a wide range of temperatures and con-centrations. Most alkaline solutions have little if any effect upon it.Outstanding in oxidizing environments. Brinell hardness is about 215.

OTHER METALS Lamons has built a reputation on our ability to provide gaskets fromunusual materials. A few of these unlisted metals Lamons carries are:317L, INC 625, INC 825, HAST X, Tantalum and Zirconium. We welcomeinquiries on your special requirements.

NOTE: Maximum temperature ratings are based upon hot air constant temperatures. The presence ofcontaminating fluids and cyclic conditions may drastically affect the maximum temperature range.

MATERIAL HARDNESSCONVERSION SCALE

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Brinell hardness figures are approxi-mate guides only. Most materialsordered by Lamons are specified"dead soft"; however, differentthicknesses and different heats ofthe same material will vary inhardness.

Rockwell"B" 95 85 80 75 6560 5550 4030 20 10

Brinell3000 Kg.

Load210 134 10895. 8983 7561 62163

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LAMONS METAL CLAD AND SOLID METALHEAT EXCHANGER GASKETS

,)-INFORMATION NEEDEDTO FILL AN ORDER1. Outside diameter2. Inside diameter3. Shape per Standard Shapes

Index4. Lamons style per catalog, or type

of construction5. Thickness6. Materials (metal or metal and

filler)7. Rib size8. Distance from centerline of

gasket to centerline of ribs9. Radii cr.

Qty. holes

-cp

cr.

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SIZING METAL JACKETEDGASKETS

The following sizings and tolerances are not mandatory but are suggestedvalues based upon experience.

GASKETS CONFINED ON 0.0.AND 1.0.

Gasket 1.0. = Groove 1.0.+)1,8"Gasket 0.0. = Groove 0.0. -)1,8"

GASKETS CONFINED ON0.0. ONLY

Gasket 1.0. = Bore + minimum Ys"Gasket 0.0. = Recess 0.0. -)1,8"

GASKETS UNCONFINED ON0.0. AND 1.0.

Gasket 1.0. = Bore +minimum Ys"Gasket 0.0. = Up to a maximumof the bolt hole circle diameterminus one bolt hole diameter unlessgasket is to be full face. If gasket isto be full face, then the followingmust be specified:(a) Bolt hole circle diameter(b) Bolt hole diameter(c) Number of bolt holes(d) Desired gasket 0.0.

STANDARDTOLERANCES

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LAMONS HEAT EXCHANGER GASKETSSTANDARD SHAPE INDEX

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II

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~§@@e@~§E9H.4 H.5 H.6 H.7 H.8 H.9 H.10 H.11

e@@€7§@~~H.12 1.1 1.2 1.3 1-4 1-5 1.6 1.7

@@@~ @@§@1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 J-1 J.2 J.3 J-4

- @(djE§@~@~@J.5 J.6 J.7 J.8 I K-1 K.2 K.3 K-4

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0 8['\ 00 §@8R C.1 C-2 D.1 D.2 E.1 E-2 E.3

8 0e90 @§eQ@jE.4 f.1 f.2 f-3 G.1 G.2 G.3 G.4

@8SEB (B@8G.5 G.6 G-7 G.8 G-9 H-1 H.2 H.3

LAMONS HEAT EXCHANGER GASKETS

METAL JACKETEDGASKETS

,Lamons jacketed gaskets are normally supplied with a non-asbestos hightemperature filler. The standard filler is normally sufficient for applicationsup to 9000 F. Other soft fillers are available for higher temperatures orspecial applications including Grafoil~

DOUBLE-JACKETEDGASKETStyle300

Always install double jacketed gasket with smoothside toward the nubbin.

Double-jacketed gaskets are proba-bly the most commonly used style ofgasket in heatexchangerapplications.They are available in virtually anymaterialthat is commerciallyavailablein 26-gauge sheet.Theyarealso ex-tensively used in standard flangeswhere the service is not critical andat temperatures beyond which a softgasket such as compressed non-asbestos can be used. Since mostdouble-jacketed gaskets are custommade, there is virtually no limit to thesize, shape or configuration in whichthese gaskets can be made. This par-ticular type of gasket is very versatileand can be used in a myriad ofapplications.

The primary seal against leakage,using a double-jacketed gasket, isthe metal inner lap where the gasketis thickest before being compressedand densest when compressed. This

particular section flows, effecting theseal and as a consequence, theentire inner lap must be under com-pression. On most heat exchangerapplications the outer lap is alsounder"compression, providing a sec-ondary seal. The intermediate partof a double-jacketed gasket does verylittle to effect the sealing capabilityof the gasket. In some cases nubbinsare provided on heat exchanger de-signs to provide an intermediateseal.Thisnubbinis normally'/64" highbyW' wide. Experience has indicated,however,that there is little advantageto this particular design. The primaryseal is still dependent on the inner lapof the gasketdoing the brutework andthe secondary seal, when applicable,would be provided by the outer lap.Standard thickness: %/' nominalFiller thickness (STD): '/,6"Metal: .015 to .020

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DOUBLE-JACKETEDCORRUGATED GASKETS

~ Style 333

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The double-jacketed corrugatedgasket is an improvement on aplain jacketed gasket in that thecorrugations on the gasket willprovide an additional labyrinth seal.It also provides the advantage ofreducing the contact area of thegasket, enhancing its compressivecharacteristics. A double-jacketedcorrugated gasket still relies onthe primary seal on the inner lap.When using a gasket compoundor lubricant it is important toremember to use only a very light

coating. Excessive amounts of lubri-cant or compound may cause totalgasket failure if the joint is exposedto high temperature and/or pressure.Standard thickness: '/e" nominalFiller thickness: 1/,6"

Metal: .015 to .020Pitch: '/e, 3/'6or '//

NOTE: Double-jacketed gaskets are sometimesused with a very-light coating of gasket cementor lubricant which will assist in flowing the metalportion of the gasket into the tool marks on theflange seating surface.

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LAMONS HEAT EXCHANGER GASKETS (CO~J'D}

"-'DOUBLE.JACKETEDCORRUGATED GASKETWITH A CORRUGATEDMETAL FILLER Style 340

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At temperatures in excess of 900° F.,where a standard filler is normally notrecommended, a double-jacketedcorrugated metal gasket with a corru-gated metal filler is frequently used.This construction has all the advan-tages of the double-jacketed corruga-ted metal gasket and, in addition, .since the filler is normally the samematerial as the gasket itself,the uppertemperaturelimitwould be determinedby the metal being used. This typeof gasket, depending upon metalselected, makes an excellent heatexchanger gasket for high pressure,high temperature applications. As inthe case of double-jacketed metalgaskets and double-jacketed corru- .

gated metal gaskets, the primaryseal would be the inner lap of metal,the secondary seal would be theouter lap of metal and some degreeof labyrinth sealing can be achievedwith the corrugations.Thistype gasketis frequently faced with GrafoW~tapeto further enhance its sealability.Standard thickness: W' nominalFiller thickness (metal): .015 to .020*Metal: 0.15 to .020Pitch: '/8,3/,Sor '//

..032 filler metal available in steel for specialapplications.

SINGLE.JACKETEDGASKET Style350

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Single-jacketedgaskets are normallyused for relatively narrow applica-tions. They are made by encasing asoft filler on one face, both edgesand a portion of the other face witha metal. The majority of applica-tions for single-jacketed gaskets arenormally X" or less in radial width.This type of gasket is widely used inair tool applications and engine ap-plications where space is limited,gasket seating surfaces are narrowand relatively low compressive forces

are available for seating the gasket.For applications where gasket widthis in excess of X", a double-jacketed gasket or double-jacketedcorrugated gasket is normallyrecommended. Most single-jacketedgaskets are supplied with copper asthe jacketing material, however,other materials are available.Standard thickness: ;1,6"nominalFiller thickness: ;1,6Metal: .010 to .020

SINGLE.JACKETEDOVERLAP Style382

~In the single-jacketed overlap con-struction the maximum flange widthis approximately X". This type ofgasket is used when total enclosureof the soft filler material is requiredand when the flange width makes itimpractical to use a double-jacketedgasket.

DOUBLE.JACKETEDDOU BLE.SH ELLGASKET Style375

"-"

The double-jacketed, double-shelledgasket is similar to the double-jacketed gasket except that insteadof using a shell and a washer, twoshells are used in the fabrication ofthe gasket. It has the advantage ofa double lap at both the 1.0. andthe 0.0. of the gasket, addinggreater stability to the gasket. Theconstruction will withstand higher

compressive loads. Double-shellgaskets are normally restricted touse in high pressure applications.Its temperature limitations dependupon the type of metal and fillerused in construction.Standardthickness:Ys" nominalFiller thickness: ;1,6Metal: .015 to .020

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J--PLAIN FLAT METALGASKETS Style310

~Flat metal gaskets are best suitedfor applications such as valve bon-nets, ammonia fittings, heat ex-changers, hydraulic presses,tongue-and-groove joints. They canbe used when compressibility is notrequired to compensate for flangesurface finish, warpage or misalign-ment and where sufficient clampingforce is available to seat the par-ticular metal selected. They must besealed by the flow of the gasketmetal into the imperfections on the

gasket seating surfaces of theflange. This requires heavy com-pressive forces. The hardness ofgasket metal must be less than thehardness of the flanges to preventdamage to the gasket seating sur-face of the flange. Flat metalgaskets are relatively inexpensive toproduce and can be made of vir-tually any material that is availablein sheet form.

OTHER STYLES OF METALLIC GASKETS

PLAIN CORRUGATED

\'\~ ~ Style 360(G)

'\ "\~\, '" ~

Lamons corrugated gaskets, style360, are economical for use on rela-tively low pressure applications thatrequire low bolt loads for gasketseating. Because of the corrugationsand thin metal thicknesses (.010" to.031"), relatively light bolt forces arerequired to flow the gasket materialsat the points of contact with theflange. Required bolt loads are sub-stantially less than solid metal typessuch as plain flat metal, profile orserrated, fabricated of the samematerial. The corrugations provideresilience, the amount of whichdepends on their pitch, depth, andthe thickness of material.

CORRUGATED INLAIDGASKETS Style 370

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CORRUGATED WITHGRAPHITE FACING

~eCMG

The CMG, similar to the 360G, ismanufacturedwith flexible graphitesheet, instead of tape, adhered toboth gasket faces. This type ofgasket makes an excellent productfor both standard flange gasketsand heat exchanger type gasketswhere there is low bolt load or highavailable gasket stresses. Onflange width less than 1/2" pleaseconsult Lamons engineering depart-ment. Available in metal thickness-es of .015" to .032" and flexiblegraphite thickness in .015" to .030".Also available with anti-stickgraphite.

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A superior sealing surface canbe created using layersof GrafoiForGrafoiF tape applied to each face(style 360G).

Other methods of enhancingaseal include cementing non-asbestos fiberglass cord to the cor-rugated faces (style 370), or the useof a gasket compound.The temper-ature range for corrugated gasketsdepends on the media to be sealed,and the selectionof the metal and/orfacing materials.Corrugatedgasketscan be fabricated in a wide varietyof shapes with almost no limitationsin size.

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LAMONS HEAT EXCHANGER GASKETS (CONT'D)

~PROFILE GASKETS

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DOUBLE.JACKETED

PROFILED Style345

~ROUND CROSS SECTION,SOLID METAL GASKETS

Style 320

'-" ~KAMMPROFILEKAMMPROTM-Lamons' style LP-1

~,.Lamons' style LP-2

--Lamons' style LP-3

"'""""

Profile type gaskets offer the desir-able qualities of plain washer typesand the added advantage of a re-duced contact area provided by theV-shapedsurface. It is used whena solid metal gasket is required be-cause of pressure or temperature

SINGLE.JACKETEDPROFILED Style 346

~Round cross section solid metalgaskets are used on specificallydesigned flanges grooved or other-wise faced to accurately locate thegasket during assembly. Thesegaskets seal by a line contactwhich provides an initial highseating stress at low bolt loads.This makes an ideal gasket for low

The design features of thegrooves in combinationwith the spe-cial propertiesof the facing materialsresult in optimal performance andconsistency. The simultaneousaction of high compressibilityfacingmaterial on the outside of thegrooved metal in combination withlimited penetrationof the tips of thesolid metal core enhance the interac-tion of the two materials. This allowseach to perform individuallyto theiroptimum. Lamons manufacturesKammpro in a wide range of metalsand alloys to exact specifications.

or because of the highly corrosiveeffect of the fluid to be containedand also when bolting is not suffi-cient to seat a flat washer. Thistype gasket is often machined.Standardthicknessis Ye", minimumthickness is Xs"'

If flange conditions require a profiletype gasket, but flange protection isrequired as well, the profile gasketmay be supplied with either asingle-jacketed or a double-jacketedshield. This will provide protectionfor the flanges and will minimizedamages to the flange faces due tothe profile surface.

pressures. The more commonmaterials used for this type ofgasket would be aluminum, copper,soft iron or steel, Monel~ nickel,and 300 series stainless steels.They are fabricated from wireformed to size and welded. Theweld is then polished to the exactwire diameter.

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SHIMS

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Shims find wide-spread use in industrial machinery to provide a closer fitbetween interlocking parts. Shims are often used as an economicalsolution to maintaining tolerances in castings and other machine parts.Lamons modern machining facilities permit precise control over toolingproduction and insure quality at reasonable costs.

Lamons welcomes inquiries on custom shim shapes. Standard shimshapes are as follows:

RINGS-PLAINOR WITHBOLT HOLES

ThicknessMaterial

Size

.001 to %" etc.Stainless Steel, Copper,Brass, Steel, LaminatedMaterials, etc.Any Size

RECTANGLESWITH ONE SLOT,ETC.

ThicknessMaterial

Size

.001 to 1" etc.Stainless Steel, Copper,Brass, Steel, LaminatedMaterials, etc.Any Size

'-'RECTANGLESWITH OR WITHOUTBOLT HOLES

ThicknessMaterial

Size

.001 to 1" etc.

Stainless Steel, Copper,Brass, Steel, LaminatedMaterials, etc.Any Size

HALF SECTION,% SECTION, ETC.

ThicknessMaterial

Size

.001 to 1" etc.

Stainless Steel, Copper,Brass, Steel, LaminatedMaterials, etc.Any Size

ODD SHAPESECTIONS

ThicknessMaterial

Size

.001 to %" etc.Stainless Steel, Copper,Brass, Steel, LaminatedMaterials, etc.Varies

ODD SHAPES

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ThicknessMaterial

Size

.001 to %" etc.Stainless Steel, Copper,Brass, Steel, LaminatedMaterials, etc.Varies

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