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INSTRUMENTATION OF TABLET MACHINE Submitted by: Ch.V.S Lalitha Department of pharmaceutic A.S.N college of Pharmacy-Tenal Submitted to: Mr. Rami Reddy HOD of Pharmaceutics Department

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y INTRUDUCTION y TABLET y TABLET MACHINE y TYPES OF TABLET MACHINE y INSTRUMENTATION OF TABLET MACHINE y CONCLUSION y REFERENCES

DEFINITION: Tablets are pharmaceutical dosage forms containing one or more active ingredients as well as series of other substances usually in powder form, pressed or compacted from a powder into a solid dosage.

y Production aspect: Large scale production at lowest cost Easiest and cheapest to package High stability User aspect: (doctor, pharmacist, patient) Easy to handling Lightest and most compact Coating can mask unpleasant taste and improve patient acceptability.

y Some drugs may be unsuitable for a administration by

the oral route example : insulin y For drugs that need to have rapid onset the oral route may not be suitable example : salbutamol y Poor wetting , slow dissolution property difficult to formulate example : sodiumvalproate

Tablets are made by compressing a formulation containing drug or drugs with excipients on stamping machines called tablet presses.

Die filling

Tablet formation

Tablet ejection

Hopper(s) Feed frame Dies Punches Cam tracks

y Punches for compressing the formulation into tablets

with in the dies.y Dies for controlling size and shape of the tablet.

y The compression takes place in a die by the action of

two punches lower and the upper , by which the compressive force is applied.y Curvature of the faces of the punches y punch faces with ridges y Punch faces with symbols y Punches with various shapes

Eg: effervescent tablets, analagics,

Eg: Multi vitamins tablets

Source: Tablet Press Instrumentation-MARCEL DEKKER, INC. 270 MADISON AVENUE NEW YORK, NY 10016

History of tablet press instrumentation :

To monitor and control a tablet press certain sensors must be installed at Specific locations on the machine which are known as transducers.

These are two types :

2 types of force transducers are used in instrumentation of Tablet press they are:

These are used to measure the distance which the punches travel During the compression and decompression process.

Linear variable differential transformer is one of the displacement Transducer.

Source: Tablet Press Instrumentation-MARCEL DEKKER, INC. 270 MADISON AVENUE NEW YORK, NY 10016

y Single punch tablet machine y Rotary tablet machine:

High speed rotary tablet machine 2. Multi layer rotary tablet machine1.

Wyeth brothers invented the single punch press in 1870

All of the compression is applied by the upper punch, Making the single punch Machine a stamping press

filling

Compression

ejection

Rotary tablet machiney Multi-station presses are termed as rotary the head of

the tablet machine that holds upper punches ,dies , lower punches in place rotates .y As the head rotates , the punches are guide up and

down by fixed cam tracks which control the sequence of filling , compression , ejection.

Old rotary tablet machine

ZP35B Rotary Tablet Pre-press Machine

S.No 1. 2. 3. 4.

Single tablet press Rotary tablet press Production rate is low 200 tablets per minute Small scale production Production rate is high