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Page 1: Kvetch, Kvetch, Kvetch - When Manna is Not Enough · Kvetch,(Kvetch,(Kvetch)((When(Manna(is(Not(Enough(! Robert!Schoen!! TodayI’dliketodiscuss!Chapter!11of!theparashahBehaalotechaintheBookof!

Kvetch,  Kvetch,  Kvetch  -­‐    When  Manna  is  Not  Enough    

Robert  Schoen    Today  I’d  like  to  discuss  Chapter  11  of  the  parashah  Behaalotecha  in  the  Book  of  Numbers,  the  chapter  often  referred  to  as  “Complaining  by  the  Israelites.”    First,  I’ll  give  you  a  quick  overview  of  the  chapter,  and  then  I’ll  explain  why  the  Israelites  were,  in  my  opinion,  a  bunch  of  ungrateful,  whiny  fools.      Mostly  I’ll  be  talking  about  fire,  food  and  sex.    Now  that  I  have  your  attention,  let  us  begin.    If  you’ve  ever  wondered  why  they’re  called  “The  Children  of  Israel,”  and  not  “The  Adults  of  Israel,”  this  chapter  provides  a  good  answer.      As  the  Israelites  wandered  in  the  wilderness,  they  began  to  complain  about  their  hardships,  first  to  God.      “When  Adonai  heard  them,  God’s  anger  flared  up,  and  fire  from  the  Almighty  broke  out  against  them  and  consumed  the  outskirts  of  the  camp.”  This  means  that  the  people  who  happened  to  be  in  the  outskirts  of  the  camp  at  the  time  were  consumed  by  fire.  Fire  is  often  used  to  indicate  God’s  displeasure.    The  people  complained  about  this  to  Moses,  who  prayed  to  God,  and  the  fire  abated.      As  you  know,  Adonai  had  provided  manna  to  feed  the  people.  Moses  had  told  to  them,  “It  is  the  bread  God  has  given  you  to  eat.”  And  everyone  gathered  as  much  as  was  needed.    But  the  people  soon  began  to  weep  and  moan,  crying,  “If  only  we  had  meat  to  eat!  We  remember  the  fish  we  used  to  eat  in  Egypt,  and  it  cost  us  nothing!  And  the  cucumbers,  the  melons,  the  leeks,  the  onions,  the  garlic!  But  now  we’re  withering  away,  we  have  nothing  to  eat  but  this  manna.”    Moses  heard  the  people  crying  and  called  out  to  Adonai,  “Why  are  you  treating  me,  your  servant,  so  badly?  Why  have  I  not  found  favor  in  your  sight?  Why  have  You  put  the  burden  of  this  entire  people  on  me?”    Moses  continued,  “Did  I  conceive  this  people?  Was  I  their  father,  such  that  You  tell  me  that  I  should  'Carry  them  in  (my)  arms,  like  a  nurse  carrying  a  baby,’  to  the  land  You  swore  to  their  ancestors?    “They  keep  bothering  me,  always  crying,  ‘Give  us  meat  to  eat!’  Where  am  I  going  to  get  meat  to  give  to  this  entire  people?  I  can’t  carry  this  entire  people  by  myself  alone—it’s  too  much  for  me!  If  You’re  going  to  treat  me  this  way,  then  just  kill  me  

Page 2: Kvetch, Kvetch, Kvetch - When Manna is Not Enough · Kvetch,(Kvetch,(Kvetch)((When(Manna(is(Not(Enough(! Robert!Schoen!! TodayI’dliketodiscuss!Chapter!11of!theparashahBehaalotechaintheBookof!

  2  outright  if  You  have  any  mercy  toward  me,  please!  Just  don’t  let  me  go  on  being  this  miserable!”    Now  Moses  was  not  happy  and  he,  too,  was  complaining.      In  response,  God  told  Moses,  “Bring  me  70  people  you  recognize  as  leaders  of  the  people,  and  have  them  stand  at  the  tent  of  meeting  with  you.  I  will  come  down  and  speak  with  you  there,  and  I  will  take  some  of  the  Spirit  which  rests  on  you  and  put  it  on  them.  In  this  way  they  will  carry  the  burden  of  the  people  along  with  you,  so  that  you  won’t  carry  it  yourself  alone.      “Tell  the  people,  ‘Consecrate  yourselves  for  tomorrow,  and  you  will  eat  meat;  because  you  cried  in  my  ears,  ‘If  only  we  had  meat  to  eat!  We  had  the  good  life  in  Egypt!’      “All  right!  I  am  going  to  give  you  meat,  and  you  will  eat  it!  You  won’t  eat  meat  for  just  one  day,  or  two  days,  or  five,  or  ten,  or  20  days,  but  for  a  whole  month!  You  will  eat  meat  until  it  comes  out  of  your  nose  and  you  hate  it!  You  have  rejected  and  distressed  me  even  though  I  am  here  with  you—with  your  crying,  ‘Why  did  we  ever  leave  Egypt?’”      But  Moses  was  skeptical,  saying  to  God,  “Here  I  am  with  six  hundred  thousand  men  on  foot,  and  You  say,  ‘I  will  give  them  meat  to  eat  for  a  whole  month!’  If  whole  flocks  and  herds  were  slaughtered  for  them,  would  that  be  enough  to  feed  them?  If  all  the  fish  in  the  sea  were  collected  for  them,  would  even  that  be  enough?”      With  incredible  patience,  God  answered  Moses,  “Has  Adonai’s  arm  grown  short?  Now  you  will  see  whether  what  I  say  will  happen  or  not!”      It  sounds  like  there  may  be  something  up  God’s  almighty  sleeve!    So  Moses  told  the  people  what  Adonai  had  said.  He  collected  70  leaders  of  the  people  and  placed  them  around  the  tent.    Soon,  Adonai  came  down  in  a  cloud,  and  took  some  of  the  Spirit  that  was  on  Moses  and  put  it  on  the  70  leaders.      And  when  the  Spirit  rested  upon  them,  they  began  to  prophesize.    In  a  little  sub-­‐plot,  it  seems  that  two  men,  Eldad  and  Medad,  who  were  not  among  the  70  chosen  leaders,  had  remained  in  camp.  Yet  somehow  the  Spirit  fell  upon  them  and  they  prophesized.  Upon  seeing  this,  a  young  man  ran  over  to  Moses.  “Moses,  Moses!  Eldad  and  Medad  are  prophesying  in  the  camp!”  (This  un-­‐named  young  man  thus  becomes  one  of  the  first  tattle-­‐tales  in  recorded  history.)      

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  3  Moses’s  protégé,  Joshua,  called  on  Moses  to  stop  Eldad  and  Medad  from  prophesying,  but  Moses  replied,  “I  wish  all  of  God’s  people  were  prophets,  and  that  Adonai  would  put  the  Spirit  on  all  of  them!”  With  that,  Moses  and  the  leaders  of  Israel  went  back  into  the  camp.    Just  then,  God  sent  a  wind  which  brought  quails  from  across  the  sea,  causing  the  quails  to  fall  all  around  the  camp,  covering  the  ground  to  a  depth  of  several  feet.  There  was  so  much  quail  meat  that  the  people  stayed  up  all  that  day,  all  night,  and  all  the  next  day  gathering  heaps  and  heaps  of  quail.      “Then  they  spread  the  quails  out  for  themselves  all  around  the  camp,  and  they  ate.”  And  ate.  And  ate.    But  while  the  meat  was  still  in  their  mouths—before  they  had  finished  chewing  it,  God’s  anger  flared  up  against  the  people,  striking  the  people  with  a  terrible  plague.    And  the  place  was  named  Kivrot-­‐HaTa’avah,  “the  Graves  of  Greed,”  because  it  was  there  they  buried  the  people  who  were  so  greedy.      The  Gemara  tells  us  that  God’s  punishment  came  at  different  speeds  for  different  classes  of  people:  Average  people  died  immediately,  while  the  wicked  suffered  over  a  month  before  they  died.  

 And  That’s  How  the  Chapter  Ends  

 -­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐  

 “How  wonderful  it  was  in  Egypt.  We  had  meat,  and  fish,  and  onions  and  garlic  and  leeks  and  watermelon.”  We  loved  Egypt—what  a  great,  fun  place!    Let’s  take  a  quick  trip  down  Memory  Lane—also  known  as  the  Book  of  Exodus,  to  see  what  it  was  really  like.  I  think  you’ll  remember  the  story,  since  we  read  it  every  Passover:    Chapter  1  Now  a  new  king  arose  over  Egypt,  who  did  not  know  Joseph.  This  Pharaoh  said,  "Look,  the  Israelite  people  are  more  numerous  and  more  powerful  than  we  are.  Come,  let  us  deal  shrewdly  with  them,  or  they  will  increase  and,  in  the  event  of  war,  join  our  enemies  and  fight  against  us  and  escape  from  the  land."  Therefore  they  set  taskmasters  over  them  to  oppress  them  with  forced  labor.      The  Egyptians  became  ruthless  in  imposing  tasks  on  the  Israelites,  and  made  their  lives  bitter  with  hard  service  in  mortar  and  brick  and  in  every  kind  of  field  labor.  They  were  ruthless  in  all  the  tasks  that  they  imposed  on  them.    

Page 4: Kvetch, Kvetch, Kvetch - When Manna is Not Enough · Kvetch,(Kvetch,(Kvetch)((When(Manna(is(Not(Enough(! Robert!Schoen!! TodayI’dliketodiscuss!Chapter!11of!theparashahBehaalotechaintheBookof!

  4  The  Israelites  groaned  under  their  slavery,  and  cried  out.  Out  of  the  slavery  their  cry  for  help  rose  up  to  God,  who  took  notice  of  them,  heard  their  groaning,  and  remembered  the  covenant  God  had  made  with  Abraham,  Isaac,  and  Jacob.      Meanwhile,  Pharaoh  had  added  insult  to  injury,  and  stopped  providing  the  Israelites  with  straw  to  make  bricks,  forcing  them  to  gather  straw  for  themselves,  while  ordering  that  the  number  of  the  bricks  produced  should  not  be  diminished.      God  calls  upon  Moses,  "I  have  seen  the  misery  of  my  people  whom  the  Egyptians  are  holding  as  slaves,  and  I  have  remembered  my  covenant.  I  have  heard  their  cry  on  account  of  their  taskmasters,  and  have  seen  how  they  are  oppressed.  Indeed,  I  know  their  sufferings,  and  have  come  down  to  deliver  them  from  the  Egyptians  and  bring  them  up  out  of  that  land  to  a  good  and  broad  land,  a  land  flowing  with  milk  and  honey.  So  come,  I  will  send  you  to  Pharaoh  to  bring  my  people,  the  Israelites,  out  of  Egypt."      You  all  know  well  what  happened  then—the  plagues,  the  negotiations,  and  the  dramatic  parting  of  the  waters  allowing  the  People  of  Israel  to  escape  through  the  Red  Sea.    Afterwards,  the  prophet  Miriam  took  a  tambourine  in  her  hand;  and  all  the  women  went  out  after  her  with  tambourines  and  with  dancing.  And  Miriam  sang  to  them:  "Sing  to  the  Lord,  for  God  has  triumphed  gloriously;  horse  and  rider  he  has  thrown  into  the  sea."      Sadly,  the  singing,  dancing,  and  euphoria  did  not  last  very  long.    Within  a  month-­‐and-­‐a-­‐half  after  their  departure  from  Egypt,  the  whole  congregation  of  the  Israelites  complained  against  Moses  and  Aaron  in  the  wilderness,  saying,  "If  only  we  had  died  by  the  hand  of  the  Lord  in  the  land  of  Egypt,  when  we  sat  by  the  fleshpots  and  ate  our  fill  of  bread;  for  you  have  brought  us  out  into  this  wilderness  to  kill  this  whole  assembly  with  hunger."      They  began  complaining,  murmuring,  moaning,  and  groaning,  and  soon  forgot  the  pain,  burdens,  and  slavery  from  which  they  had  recently  been  rescued.    It  was  then  that  God  told  Moses,  "I  am  going  to  rain  bread  from  heaven  for  you…”  and  when  the  dew  settled  on  the  camp  during  the  night,  the  manna  came  with  it.    Manna  is  described  as  being  like  coriander  seed—white,  with  a  taste  like  wafers  made  with  honey.  It  is  said  that  after  gathering  it,  the  people  would  grind  it  up  or  pound  it  into  a  paste  and  cook  or  bake  it  into  loaves  that  tasted  like  cakes  baked  with  olive  oil.  The  Babylonian  Talmud  tells  us  that  manna  had  a  variety  of  tastes  depending  on  who  ate  it.    

Page 5: Kvetch, Kvetch, Kvetch - When Manna is Not Enough · Kvetch,(Kvetch,(Kvetch)((When(Manna(is(Not(Enough(! Robert!Schoen!! TodayI’dliketodiscuss!Chapter!11of!theparashahBehaalotechaintheBookof!

  5  But  were  the  people  happy?  No.    “Boy,  did  we  have  it  good  in  Egypt!  We  had  lots  of  meat!  Mmmmmm.  Remember  the  fish  we  used  to  eat  in  Egypt?  And  it  cost  us  nothing!  And  the  cucumbers,  the  melons,  the  leeks,  the  onions  and  the  garlic!“      The  onion  and  garlic  bagels!    “But  now  we’re  withering  away,  we  have  nothing  to  eat  but  this  (boring)  manna!”      What  whiny  bunch  of  Israelites!    Scholars  have  attempted  to  describe  what  kind  or  classification  of  plant  or  animal  manna  might  “really”  have  been.    Those  scholars.  Have  you  noticed  they’re  always  trying  to  ruin  it  for  us?      Do  you  remember  when  you  were  first  told  it  wasn’t  really  the  “Red  Sea,”  it  was  the  “Reed  Sea?”  And  that  winds  and  tides  could  have  caused  the  “parting”  of  the  waters?    And  that  the  plagues  of  frogs  and  locusts  were  probably  just  freaks  of  the  weather?  And  that  the  darkness  that  God  caused  was  probably  just  a  solar  eclipse.?    Scientists  also  tell  us  that  quail  make  a  migration  over  the  Sinai  wilderness  every  year.  It’s  been  recorded  that  Arabs  living  near  this  region,  using  nets,  can  catch  between  one  and  two  million  quails  during  the  autumn  migration.      Excuse  me,  but  I  prefer  to  believe  in  miracles  and  Acts  of  God.    Let  me  speak  for  a  moment  about  this  business  about  craving  meat.  I  remember,  back  in  1983—when  I  still  used  to  eat  meat—I  read  the  book,  “American  Fried”  by  Calvin  Trillen.  In  it,  he  wrote  that  “...The  single  best  restaurant  in  the  world  is  Arthur  Bryant's  Barbeque  at  18th  &  Brooklyn  Streets  in  Kansas  City,  Kansas."      That  was  the  summer  that  my  wife  Sharon  and  I  were  getting  ready  to  move  to  California,  and  of  course  I  insisted  that  we  drive  through  Kansas  City  to  eat  at  “the  single  best  restaurant  in  the  world!”      Arthur  Bryant's  turned  out  to  be  a  sleazy  joint  on  a  seedy  city  street.  Lining  the  walls  were  photographs  of  Arthur  Bryant  shaking  hands  with  several  different  presidents,  actors,  and  sports  figures.  I  was  impressed  by  the  photos.  But  sadly,  we  were  not  impressed  with  the  food.  I  can  assure  you  that  you  get  better  barbecue  in  Oakland.      But  getting  back  to  our  parashah…    And  then—when  you  least  expect  it,  and  to  my  great  surprise—sex!    

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  6    In  the  Talmud,  Rav  and  Shmuel  debate  the  correct  interpretation  of  the  Israelite’s  complaint,  “We  remember  the  fish,  which  we  ate  in  Egypt.”  One  of  them  reads  “fish”  literally,  while  the  other  reads  “fish”  to  mean  the  illicit  sex  they  were  free  to  have  in  Egypt—before  the  commandments  were  delivered  to  them  from  Mount  Sinai.  Fish,  it  appears,  is  a  primary  rabbinic  example  of  procreation  and  incessant  mating.      Rabbi  Shimeon  concluded  that  the  Israelites  did  not  really  lust  for  meat,  but  rather  for  sexual  vice.  It  seems  the  Bible  often  uses  food  as  a  metaphor  for  sex.    Early  in  Chapter  11,  the  Almighty  punishes  the  complainers  with  a  devouring  fire.  Experts  tell  us  that  fire  is  the  usual  metaphor  for  sexual  lust.      The  Talmudic  Sages  also  comment  on  the  analogy  between  food  and  sex,  and  Rashi  himself  cites  the  Midrash  Sifrei,  “They  were  weeping  concerning  the  sexual  relationships  which  were  Biblically  forbidden  to  them.”    

-­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐-­‐    So,  what  messages  should  we  take  from  this  chapter  of  the  Parashah?    First,  people  tend  to  have  a  short  memory,  especially  the  People  of  Israel.    Second,  things  were  probably  never  as  good  as  we  remember  them,  and  longing  for  the  “good  old  days,”  is  most  likely  an  exercise  in  delusion.    Third,  be  careful  what  you  wish  for.    Next,  if  God  promises  to  provide  for  you,  show  a  little  trust  and  respect.    And,  no  matter  what  the  subject,  many  people—even  the  legendary  rabbis  of  the  Talmud—can  somehow  find  a  connection  to  sex.    Next,  don’t  travel  too  far  out  of  your  way  for  food—you’re  likely  to  be  disappointed.    And  finally,  you  probably  can’t  stop  people  from  complaining;  it’s  just  human  nature.    Shabbat  Shalom.