Kingdom Plantae

Characteristics of All Plants

LACK MOBILITY

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

CELLULOSE

KingdomPlantae

Non-Vascular (Bryophytes)

Mosses Hornworts

Liverworts

Vascular(Tracheophytes)

Seedless Seed

Angiosper

ms

Gymnosperms

Vascular vs. Non-Vascular

Non-Vascular• Water habitats (needed for

reproduction)• No internal transport

systems• Live close to ground• Examples: mosses,

liverworts, hornworts

Vascular• Terrestrial plants (most don’t

depend on H20 for PS)• Able to transport nutrients via

transport system• Vascular system provides support

enabling them to grow larger• Examples: ferns, herbs, shrubs,

trees, flowering plants

Vascular are divided into two groups…

Seedless Plants

• Reproduce by spores• Need water for reproduction• E.g. Ferns

Seed Plants• Reproduce by seeds• Adaptation for terrestrial life• E.g. Flowering plants, trees,

crops

• “naked”• Cones are reproductive

structure• Male cone = pollen• Female cone = ovule• Thin needle-like leaves

covered with a waxy cuticle (adaptation for hot/dry summer and cold winters)

• E.g. Pine, spruce, junipers, fir

Gymnosperms

Seed plants are divided into two groups…

• “vessel”• >250, 000 different kinds• Success of angiosperms due

to insect/flower relationship

• Seed is contained within a “vessel” called a fruit

• E.g. crops, deciduous trees, flowering plants

Angiosperms

Seed plants are divided into two groups…

• Research the difference between these two groups. Include:– Examples– Number of cotyledons– Number of seed leaves– Arrangement of vascular bundles– Type of veination on leaves– Arrangement of floral parts

DICOTSMONOCOTS

To do…

• Dissect a corn seed and a bean seed• Label the following parts: seed coat,

endosperm, cotelydon(s), hypocotyl, epicotyl• Determine whether each seed is a monocot or

dicot and why you think so.