keep it contaminant-free
DESCRIPTION
Steps to a Healthier Home. Keep it contaminant-free. Learning Objectives. Contaminant Buying Decisions. Second-Hand Smoke. Tobacco Spikes in Particle Levels. 1000. 750. RSP ( cpm ). 500. 250. 3. 1. 2. Time (hours). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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KEEP ITCONTAMINANT-FREE
Steps to a Healthier Home
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
IDENTIFY at least four contaminants in the home and strategies to prevent, contain or control them.
DESCRIBE at least four ways that contaminants get into the home.
IDENTIFY at least three health effects and their associated contaminant.
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CONTAMINANT BUYING DECISIONS
INTENTIONALLY BRING IN:
• Tobacco Smoke• Pesticides• Volatile Organic Comp.• Mercury• Asbestos• Meth Labs
ALONG FOR THE RIDE:
• Bedbugs and Mice• Cockroaches• Mice• Formaldehyde• Lead
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SECOND-HAND SMOKEPag
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1 2 3Time (hours)
RSP
(cpm
)
250
500
750
1000
Source: Indoor Air Quality, Infiltration and Ventilation in Residential Buildings NYSERDA 1985 [5]
TOBACCO SPIKES IN PARTICLE LEVELS
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WHY AVOID SECOND-HAND SMOKE:
Children’s Health EffectsAdult Health Effects60% of US population has biological evidence of exposure
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SMOKE-FREE HOME RULES:STATE PERFORMANCE
92-93 98-99 2003 % Increase
Total 43.2% 60.2% 72.2% 67.1%
Max. 69.6% 81.1% 88.8% 107.9%
Min. 25.7% 38.9% 53.4% 27.6%
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SMOKE-FREE HOUSING POLICIESSmoke Free Saves Property Owners Money
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SMOKING CESSATION PROGRAMS
Smoke-free policies work best if coupled with cessation resources
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VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Air FreshenersCleaning ProductsSprays & CoatingsFormaldehydeCarpetsVinyl FloorsDrywallHobbiesHome Maintenance
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VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDSConcentration of VOC’s can be 2-5 times greater in the home.
During or immediately after paint stripping activities, VOC levels can be 1,000 times higher than outdoors.
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WHY AVOID VOCS?
Potential health effects of VOCs:• Eye, nose, throat irritation• Headaches, nausea, coordination• Liver, kidney, and brain damage• Some can cause cancers• Child development
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0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Emiss
ion
Rate
(ug/
m2h
r)
Time (days)
PVC carpet adhesive
VOC- AND SVOC-EMISSIONS FROM ADHESIVES, FLOOR COVERINGS AND COMPLETE FLOOR STRUCTURES [12]
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REDUCE POTENTIAL SOURCES Don’t use it if you
don’t have to. Substitute a
better product
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STEPS TO CONTROL VOCS
Control the sourceVentilate
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THIRD-PARTY CERTIFICATIONS
BuildingsProducts and Services
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INDUSTRY STEWARDSHIP PROGRAMS
Understand the Motivations & Research the OptionsExamplesOther Programs
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AND THEN WE HAVE METH LABS . . .
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METH LABSHealth & Safety Hazards
ExplosiveFlammableToxicCaustic
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KEY MESSAGESIt is easier to prevent exposure to contaminants then it is to remove them and treat their effects.Should contamination occur: control, contain, and clean-up.Contaminants are not always detectable by our senses.
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
IDENTIFY at least four contaminants in the home and strategies to prevent, contain or control them.
DESCRIBE at least four ways that contaminants get into the home.
IDENTIFY at least three health effects and their associated contaminant.
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KEEP ITMAINTAINED
Steps to a Healthier Home
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Name at least three systems that require ongoing maintenance.
Identify two maintenance actions that require the use of a professional.
Name at least two health effects from lead.
Identify housing targeted by the RRP rule.
Describe the two ways to mitigate radon in a home.
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CONTAMINANT & MAINTENANCE
LEGACY TOXICS:
• Lead-Based Paint• Asbestos• Chromated Copper
Arsenate Wood• Mercury • Pesticide Residues
CREATED OR GROWN:
• Cockroaches • Mice and Rats • Mold• Carbon Monoxide• Sewer Gas• And Then There is Radon
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MAINTENANCESolid wasteWater supplySewer systemHeating/cooling/dehumidification/humidificationCooking Ventilation Rainwater control/drainageStructural integrityStorage / Organization
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MAINTENANCE ACTIONSInspectCleanLubricateReplaceRepair Organize
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How’s the filter? A clogged low efficiency filter partially sucked out of the frame.
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WHEN?On-goingSeasonallyAnnually
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LEAD AND LEAD-BASED PAINT
Peeling, Chipping Paint / Deteriorated Paint
Dust
Soil
Drinking water
Consumer Products such Pottery, Cribs, Jewelry, Candle Wicks
Cultural Items
Contaminated Sites
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WHY AVOID LEAD?Reduced IQLearning disabilities Impaired hearingReduced attention spans, behavior problemsAnemia Kidney damageDamage to central nervous systemComa, convulsions, death
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Peeling paint
outside
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LEAD: AGE OF HOUSING MATTERSYear House Was Built
Percent of Houses with Lead-Based Paint
Before 1940 87 percent
1940-1959 69 percent
1960-1978 24 percent
All US Housing Stock 40 percent
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PREVALENCE OF DETERIORATED PAINT
2%
of homes have broken plaster or
peeling paint
2009 American Housing Survey
Conditions that Deteriorate Paint
• In past twelve months, • 8.1% of homes had
interior water damage• 9.8% of homes had
exterior water damage
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AVAILABLE TESTINGPaintDust - Clearance testing Bare soil Drinking water
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EPA RRP RULE
Effective April 22, 2010Pre-1978 housing (target or child-occupied)Triggers40 CFR 745.80 to 745.91April 22, 2008 Federal Register
Lead Renovation, Repair and Painting (RRP) Rule
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IMPACTS OF RRP RULE
8.4 million renovation events annually
Required certification of firms and individuals
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WHY NOW?Final major rule from the Residential Lead-based Hazard Reduction Act of 1992Congress required rule to be finalized in 1996Still to come:
Public buildings built before 1978Commercial buildings that create lead-based paint hazards
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EPA Resources:• www.epa.gov/lead• www.epa.gov/lead/pubs/renovation.htm
HUD Resources:• www.hud.gov/lead
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SUMMARY OF CHANGES FROM RRP
“Certified Renovation Firm” Disturbs Paint“Certified Renovators” Supervise WorkMandatory Work PracticesPost-renovation Cleaning VerificationDocumentation!
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HOW CLEAN IS CLEAN?Clearance testing is required for jobs receiving HUD funding and as the clients requests
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A NEW BOOKLET
Only for Leases and Sales of Target
Housing
For Renovations in Target Housing and
Child-occupied Facilities
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LEAD DISCLOSUREFor property transfersFor rentals
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HOUSING CODE
304.2
• Protective treatment
304.6
• Exterior walls
305.3
• Interior surfaces
Housing code provisions related to paint
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ASBESTOS
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WHY AVOID ASBESTOS?
Health effects:- Lung Cancer
- Mesothelioma- Asbestosis
Smokers are at greater risk!
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HOW TO HANDLE ASBESTOS
LEAVE IT ALONE (if in good condition).Look for signs of wear or damage - avoid touching.If damaged or renovation might disturb it, repair or remove by licensed professional.
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VERMICULITEPag
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ASBESTOS REGULATIONS
National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutant (NESHAP)Model Asbestos Program for StatesEPA’s Ban on Asbestos in Products Reversed in 1992OSHA standards for workers
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RADON
Naturally occurring gas
2nd leading cause of lung cancer after smoking
Leading cause of lung cancer in nonsmokers and people who have never smoked.
A Serious Health Concern
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050
100150200
4 pCi/L 8 pCi/L 10 pCi/LLung
Can
cer C
ases
Radon Exposure
Non-Smokers Smokers
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Estimated Lung Cancer Cases in a Population of 1,000
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HOW RADON GETS INTO A HOME
Cracks in solid floors Construction joints Cracks in walls Gaps in suspended floors Gaps around service pipes Cavities inside walls Other openings Water supply
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TESTING FOR RADONPag
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Long Term
Short Term If result is 4
pCi/L or higher take a follow-up test OR fix
the home
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TESTING FOR RADON Testing Options:• Kits• Hire a professional
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INTERPRETING RADON RESULTS Short term test > 4 pCi/L
• Take second short term test or long term test
Short term average or long term test >4 pCi/L
• Fix home for radon
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RADON REDUCTION SYSTEMS
New ConstructionExisting Housing
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PASSIVE SUB-SLAB DEPRESSURIZATION SYSTEM (NEW CONSTRUCTION)
•Gas-Permeable LayerA.
•Plastic SheetingB.•Seal and CaulkC.
•Vent PipeD.
•Junction BoxesE.
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FANS MAKE IT AN ACTIVE SYSTEM
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RADON FIXESExisting Housing
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Seal floor and cracksVent from below slabFan sucks air – active systemSump suction reduces entry
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LABEL RADON SYSTEMSPag
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RADON MITIGATION COSTS
Average CostsNew Construction
Passive onlyActive system
$350 - $500$650 - $800
Existing Homes $800-$2,500
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FINDING A QUALIFIED CONTRACTOR
Contact EPA2 Private National Proficiency Programs
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RESOURCES
•www.epa.gov/iaq/whereyoulive.htmlState Radon Contacts
• 800-SOS-RADON (767-7236)Coupons for Test Kits•800-644-6999Radon
Mitigation
•800-55RADON (557-2366) Other Questions
•800-438-4318
IAQ Questions
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SEWER GAS
Mixture of gases
Source
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KEY MESSAGESSystems should be inspected regularly to ensure proper function.Some maintenance activities require the use of professionals.Lead causes a variety of serious health effects.Contractors doing renovation should be certified to work on houses with lead paint.Deteriorating products or areas with asbestos need to be addressed by a certified professional.There are two ways to address high radon levels in a home.
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Name at least three systems that require ongoing maintenance.
Identify two maintenance actions that require the use of a professional.
Name at least two health effects from lead.
Identify housing targeted by the RRP rule.
Describe the two ways to mitigate radon in a home.
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