katipunan final.ppt

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KATIPUNAN



FOUNDING OF THE KATIPUNAN

•

Founded on the night of July 7, 1892.• Azcarraga St. (Claro M. Recto St.)

• The Katipunan was a secret revolutionary society of

Filipino patriots.

• Kataastaasang Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mgaAnak ng Bayan

• Founder: Andres Bonifacio, with the aid of his friends:

– Teodoro Plata

– Ladislao Diwa

– Deodato Arellano

– Valentin Diaz



Aim of KKK

• To unite the Filipinos

• To fight for Philippine

Independence



Andres Bonifacio

• The Great Plebeian

• Born in Tondo on November

30, 1863, the first child of poor

parents.

•

Named after St. Andrew thepatron saint of Manila.

• He had three brothers and two

sisters:

– Ciriaco

– Procopio

– Espiridiona

– Troadio

– Maxima



•

His parents died when he was 14 years old.• He supported his siblings by selling bamboo

canes and paper fans in the city streets.

• He also worked as a warehouse keeper in a

mosaic tile factory in Sta. Mesa.• He worked first as a messenger and was

promoted as an agent in Fleming and Companybut he transferred to Fressell and Company for ahigher wage.



• He started his education in the school of Guillermo Osmeña, a private primary school inTondo.

• He educated himself by extensive reading of good

books and learning Spanish by self-study.• Monica – first wife of Bonifacio who died because

of leprosy

• Gregoria de Jesus – second wife of Bonifacio

whom he had a son named Andres who diedbecause of smallpox.



Emilio Jacinto

• Brains of the Katipunan

• Born in Trozo (Tondo),

Manila on December

15, 1875.• His father died shortly

after he was born so he

was adopted by his

uncle Don Jose Dizon



•

Obtained the Bachelor of Arts’ degree inColegio de San Juan de Letran

• Studied Law in UST but was not able to finish

it.

• Remained loyal to Bonifacio even after his

death.

•

He died on April 16, 1899 at the age of 23years old because of Malaria.



Katipunan Government

• Kataastaasang Sanggunian (Supreme Council) – for thewhole country – Consisted of a president, a fiscal, a secretary, a treasurer,

and a comptroller.

•

Sangguniang Bayan (Provincial Council) – for everyprovince.

• Sangguniang Balangay (Municipal Council) – for everytown.

• The Judicial power of KKK was exercised by theSangguniang Hukuman (Judicial Council) – It decided cases involving treachery among the members

and quarrels between them.



Officers of KKK

• The first Supreme Council of the Katipunanwas organized in August 1, 1892. It was

composed of the following:

• President (Supremo) – Deodato Arellano• Comptroller (Intervenor) – Andres Bonifacio

• Fiscal – Ladislao Diwa

• Secretary –Teodoro Plata

• Treasurer – Valentin Diaz



• Deodato Arellano – was the first President of Katipunan.

• Roman Basa- became the Supremo becauseBonifacio was disgusted over the performanceof Arellano.

• Two years after, another election was heldwith the following as officers:



• Supremo – Andres Bonifacio

• Secretary of State – Emilio Jacinto

•

Secretary of War – Teodoro Plata• Secretary of Justice – Briccio Pantas

• Secretary of Interior – Aguedo del Rosario

• Secretary of Finance – Enrique Pacheco



KATIPUNAN MEMBERSHIP

• Originally the KKK recruited new members bymeans of TRIANGLE SYSTEM

– An original member would recruit two new members

who did not know each other. – Example: Bonifacio formed the first triangle with Diwa

and Plata

• They also agreed that they would pay a

membership fee amounting to one real fuerte(twenty-five centavos) and a monthly due of media real (twelve centavos).



• Every member of the Katipunan adopted a symbolicname:

– Andres Bonifacio – May Pagasa

– Emilio Jacinto – Pingkian

– Artemio Ricarte – Vibora

– Emilio Aguinaldo – Magdalo

• Three Grades of the Katipunan Membership:

– Katipun (Associate) – first grade, password was ANAK NGBAYAN

– Kawal (Soldier) – second grade, password was GOMBURZA

– Bayani (Patriot) – third grade, password was RIZAL



Women of the Katipunan

• At the beginning, the Katipunan was

exclusively for men.

• Women were later admitted to preserve

peace in the family, because the wives of the

Katipuneros were becoming jealous of the

nightly absences of their husbands and the

reduction of their monthly earnings.



Qualifications for Female Members

• Wife of a Katipunero

• Daughter of a Katipunero

•

Sister of a Katipunero• Any close relative of a Katipunero



Prominent Katipuneras

• Gregoria de Jesus – wife

of Bonifacio and was

called Lakambini of the

Katipunan.



• Maria Dizon – cousin of

Emilio Jacinto



Sisters of Rizal

Josefa Rizal Trinidad Rizal



Melchora Ramos y Aquino

• Tandang Sora (January 6,

1812 – March 2, 1919)

• Mother of the Katipunan

•She fed the Katipunerosand nursed the wounded

patriots

• Later she was arrested by

the Spanish authoritiesand was exiled in

Marianas.



Services of the Women in the

Katipunan

• They guarded the secret documents and

paraphernalia of the society.

•

They helped recruiting new members of thesociety.

• Whenever the Katipuneros were holding their

secret meeting, they held a gay party to coverup the revolutionary activity.



Literature of the Katipunan

• Emilio Jacinto – youngest and greatest writer of

the Katipunan

• His pen name was Dimas-Ilaw

• He wrote the following:

– A la Patria – his poetical masterpiece

– Liwanag at Dilim – a series of essays on human rights,

liberty, equality of men, labor, and love of country. – Kartilya ng Katipunan – contains the teachings of the

KKK.



Kartilya of the Katipunan

• A life that is not dedicated to a noble cause is like a treewithout a shade or a poisonous weed.

• A deed lacks nobility if it is motivated by self-interest andnot by a sincere desire to help.

• True piety consists of being charitable, loving one’sfellow men, and being judicious in behavior, speech anddeed.

• All persons are equal, regardless of the color of their

skin. While one could have more schooling, wealth, orbeauty than another, all that does not make one morehuman than anybody else.



• A person with a noble character values honor

above self-interest, while a person with a base

character values self-interest above honor.

• To a person of honor, his/her word is a pledge.

• Don’t waste time; lost wealth can be

retrieved, but time lost is lost forever.

• Defend the oppressed and fight the oppressor.



• The wise person is careful in all he/she has to say and is

discreet about things that need to be kept secret./ Anintelligent man is he who is cautious in speech and knows

how to keep the secrets that must be guarded.

• In the thorny path of life, the man leads the way and hiswife and children follow. If the leader goes the way to

perdition, so do the followers. (Note: This begins with an

observation of the vertical relationship of husband and

wife during the time of the Katipunan; now, we can saythat the parents lead the way and the children follow.)



• Never regard a woman as an object for you to

trifle with; rather you should consider her as apartner and helpmate. Give proper consideration

to a woman’s frailty and never forget that your

own mother, who brought you forth and nurtured

you from infancy, is herself such a person.

• Don’t do to the wife, children, brothers, and

sisters of others what you do not want done toyour wife, children, brothers, and sisters.



• A man’s worth is not measured by his station in life,

neither by the height of his nose nor the fairness of

skin, and certainly not by whether he is a priestclaiming to be God’s deputy. Even if he a tribesman

from the hills and speaks only his tongue, a man has

fine perceptions and is loyal to his native land.

• When these teachings shall have been propagated

and the glorious sun of freedom begins to shine on

these poor Islands to enlighten a united race andpeople, then all the lives lost, all the struggle and the

sacrifices will not have been in vain.



• Andres Bonifacio – a self trained writer.

• His pen name was Agapito Bagumbayan

•

His writings were: – Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Bayan – a patriotic poem

– Katungkulang Gagawin ng mga Anak ng Bayan – a

Katipunan Decalogue

– Ang Dapat Mabatid ng mga Tagalog – a politico-

historical essay.



Decalogue of the Katipunan

• Love God with all your heart.

• Bear always in mind that the love of God is

also the love of Country, and this too, is love

of one’s fellowmen.

• Engrave in your heart that the true measure of

honor and happiness is to die for the freedom

of your country.



• All your good wishes will be crowned with

success if you have serenity, constancy,

reason, and faith in your acts and endeavor.

• Guard the mandates and aims of the KKK as

you guard your honor,

• It is the duty of all to deliver, at the risk of

their own lives and wealth, anyone who runs

great risks in the performance of his duty.



• Our responsibility to ourselves and theperformance of our duties will be the exampleset for our fellowmen to follow.

• In so far as it is within your power, share yourmeans with the poor and the unfortunate.

• Diligence in the work that gives sustenance to

you is the true basis of love – love yourself, foryour wife and children, and for your brothersand countrymen.



• Punish any scoundrel and traitor and praise all

good works. Believe, likewise, that the aims of

the KKK are God-given for the will of the

people is also the will of God.



Dr. Pio Valenzuela

• The physician of theKatipunan.

• He helped Jacinto inputting up the Kalayaan,

the Katipunan’s newspaper.

• Madlang-away (fight of the people) – his penname.

• Collaborated with his bestfriend Bonifacio in writingthe manifesto entitled SaMga Kababayan.



Kalayaan

• Organ of the KKK

• Realizing the value of

the printed word,

Bonifacio and hisfriends established a

printing press and an

organ of for the society.



Isabelo delos Reyes

• The printing pres was

purchased from him.

• The money used to by

the printing press wasdonated by two Visayan

katipuneros:

– Francisco del Castillo

– Candido Iban – whose

ticket won the lottery.



Jose Rizal and the Katipunan

• From the time that Rizal was banished in

Dapitan in July of 1892, he has devoted

himself to helping the people in Dapitan.

• Bonifacio tried hard to convince Rizal to

support the armed revolt, because he

believed that if Rizal would give his approval,

that would enable the reluctant ilustrados tosupport the cause of the Katipunan.



• Pio Valenzuela – was sent by Bonifacio in

Dapitan to convince Rizal to give his approval.

• Rizal – believed that it was foolishness to fight

the Spaniards without sufficient arms and

funds.

– He suggested that the Katipuneros wait for

sometime before the launching of an armedstruggle.



• Even so, he suggested as to why not attract theinfluential and wealthy Filipinos to the cause toensure the success of the revolution. He alsosuggested ANTONIO LUNA to be appointed astheir MILITARY LEADER

• Valenzuela came back to Manila and reportedthe results of his mission, Bonifacio admitted thatit would be fatal for them to start a revolution

without enough weaponry with which to fight theenemy.



•

Paciano Rizal – Jose Rizal’s older brothersupported Bonifacio.

• Bonifacio – hang Rizal’s portrait in their

headquarters.



The Katipunan and Japan

• The Katipunan sought Japan’s aid in the

coming revolution.

– In May 1896, a Katipunan delegation, headed by

Bonifacio and Jacinto, secretly contacted a visitingJapanese naval officer of the cruiser Kongo, and

the Japanese consul at a Japanese bazaar and

requested Japanese aid against Spain.

– Moritaro Tagawa – a Japanese married to Filipina

from Bocaue, Bulacan acted as interpreter.

katipunan final.ppt

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