KARYOTYPING

What do your chromosomes look like?

Karyotype

• Cell treated with chemical to stop in metaphase

• Chromosomes stained• Picture taken• Enlarged• Cut out• Matched by banding patterns• Arranged by size and location of

centromere

• Click HERE to try your hand at matching up pairs of homologous chromosomes.

Normal Male

Normal Female

What can you tell from a Karyotype?

From a Karyotype

• You can tell– Correct number of chromosomes

– Correct size and shape of chromosomes

– Gender

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Female with Trisomy 21 Down Syndrome

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Male with Trisomy 21 Down Syndrome

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Deletion of Long Arm Chromosome 4

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Extra X – Klinefelter’s Syndrome

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Missing X – Turner’s Syndrome

SKY – Spectral Karyotypes

• Uses fluorescent “tags” specific to each chromosome

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Sky_spectral_karyotype.png

Sources

• http://www.biology.arizona.edu/human_bio/activities/karyotyping/karyotyping.html

• http://www.biology.arizona.edu/Human_Bio/current/new_karyotyping/new_karyotyping.html

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Chromosomal_abnormalities