juvenile & domestic relations district court manual … · juvenile & domestic relations...

JUVENILE & DOMESTIC RELATIONS DISTRICT COURT MANUAL

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Office of the Executive Secretary Department of Judicial Services Rev: 7/18

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1

JUDICIAL ADMINISTRATION ............................................................................................ 1

Virginia’s Judicial System ........................................................................................................... 1

Supreme Court of Virginia .......................................................................................................... 1

Court of Appeals ......................................................................................................................... 1

Office of The Executive Secretary .............................................................................................. 2

A. Assistant Executive Secretary and Counsel ................................................................. 2

B. Court Improvement Program ...................................................................................... 2

C. Educational Services .................................................................................................... 2

D. Fiscal Services .............................................................................................................. 3

E. Human Resources ........................................................................................................ 3

F. Judicial Information Technology .................................................................................. 3

G. Judicial Planning ........................................................................................................... 3

H. Judicial Services ........................................................................................................... 3

Legal Research ............................................................................................................................ 4

Legislative and Public Relations ................................................................................................. 5

Magistrate Services .................................................................................................................... 5

Virginia Courts ............................................................................................................................ 5

A. Circuit Courts ............................................................................................................... 5

B. District Courts .............................................................................................................. 6

District Courts ............................................................................................................................. 7

A. Judicial Districts ........................................................................................................... 7

B. Judges .......................................................................................................................... 7

C. Clerk’s Office .............................................................................................................. 11

D. Duties of clerk ............................................................................................................ 11

E. Court Closed – Computation of Time ........................................................................ 12

F. Inclement Weather .................................................................................................... 12

G. Judicial Emergency ..................................................................................................... 12

H. Office Policies - Local ................................................................................................. 13

http://www.courts.state.va.us/courts/jdr/resources/manuals/jdrman/chapter01.pdf


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I. Separation of Employees Checklist............................................................................ 14

J. Volunteers.................................................................................................................. 14

Pro Hac Vice ............................................................................................................................. 14

Public Records .......................................................................................................................... 17

A. Transparency ............................................................................................................. 17

B. Copies......................................................................................................................... 17

Strategic Planning .................................................................................................................... 17

CHAPTER 2

THE COURT PROCESS ................................................................................................... 1

Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 1

Venue 3

A. Original Venue ............................................................................................................. 3

B. Transfer of Venue ........................................................................................................ 5

C. Venue of Proceedings Arising out of Chapter 5 of Title 20 (§ 20-61 et seq.) .............. 7

Appointment of Counsel and Guardians Ad Litem .................................................................... 7

Summary Description ................................................................................................................. 9

A. Case Initiation .............................................................................................................. 9

B. Pre-Trial Processes ....................................................................................................... 9

C. Judicial Disqualification ............................................................................................. 10

D. Cross-Designation ...................................................................................................... 11

E. Case Hearing, Judgment ............................................................................................ 11

F. Post-Trial Processes ................................................................................................... 13

G. Enforcement of Verdicts ............................................................................................ 14

H. Case Closing ............................................................................................................... 14

Uniform Docketing and Case Preparation ............................................................................... 14

A. Assign Case Numbers ................................................................................................. 14

B. Index Cases ................................................................................................................ 15

C. File Case ..................................................................................................................... 15

D. Prepare Daily Docket Sheets...................................................................................... 15




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CHAPTER 3

JUVENILE DELINQUENCY PROCEDURES ............................................................................. 1

Case Procedures ......................................................................................................................... 1

A. Filing of a Petition or Issuance of a Warrant ............................................................... 1

B. Processing of a Child Taken into Immediate Custody ................................................. 4

C. Clerk’s Office Processing of the Petition or Warrant................................................... 8

Pre-Trial Procedures ................................................................................................................... 9

A. Right to Representation by A Lawyer (Counsel) .......................................................... 9

B. Detention Hearing ..................................................................................................... 12

C. Competency to Stand Trial ........................................................................................ 13

D. Subpoenas, Witness Summoning .............................................................................. 17

E. Juvenile Felony-Fourteen and Older ......................................................................... 17

F. Time Limitations ........................................................................................................ 37

G. Motions and Other Subsequent Pleadings ................................................................ 38

H. Miscellaneous Pre-Trial Proceedings ......................................................................... 38

Trial Procedures ....................................................................................................................... 39

A. Adjudicatory Hearing ................................................................................................. 39

B. Disposition Hearing .................................................................................................... 41

C. Appeals ...................................................................................................................... 51

D. Post-Trial Actions When a Juvenile Committed to the Department of Juvenile Justice ................................................................................................................................... 52

Post-Trial Procedures ............................................................................................................... 52

A. Bond Forfeitures ........................................................................................................ 54

B. Payment of Counsel ................................................................................................... 54

C. Violations of Court Orders ......................................................................................... 54

D. CCRE/Fingerprinting .................................................................................................. 55

E. Petition for Payment Agreement For Fines and Costs or Request to Modify Existing Agreement ................................................................................................................. 60

F. Constitutionality of Statutes ...................................................................................... 61

G. Registration on the Sex Offender and Crimes against Minors Registry .................... 62

Miscellaneous Procedures ....................................................................................................... 62

A. Animal Violations ....................................................................................................... 62

B. Possession of Marijuana-Diversion ........................................................................... 68



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Tobacco Violations ................................................................................................................... 68

CHAPTER 4

JUVENILE TRAFFIC AND MISDEMEANOR TRAFFIC PROCEDURES .............................................. 1

Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 1

Narrative Description ................................................................................................................. 1

Pre- Trial Procedures .................................................................................................................. 2


B. General Provisions ....................................................................................................... 4

C. Accident Offenses Allowed by Statute to Be Prepayable ............................................ 5

D. Dismissal by Compliance with Law Prior to Trial ......................................................... 6

Prepayment of Fines and Court Costs ........................................................................................ 7

A. In Person or By Telephone ........................................................................................... 7

B. By Mail ......................................................................................................................... 9

C. Withdrawal of Guilty Plea .......................................................................................... 11

D. Case Disposition ......................................................................................................... 11

Trial Procedures ....................................................................................................................... 11

A. Trial in Juvenile’s Absence ......................................................................................... 12

B. Parking Violations ...................................................................................................... 13

C. Order to Complete Traffic School or Driver Improvement Clinic .............................. 13

D. Suspension of License ................................................................................................ 13

E. Restricted Driver’s License (RDL) Upon a Conviction of Reckless Driving or Aggressive Driving ...................................................................................................... 14

F. Dismissal by Compliance with Law at Trial ................................................................ 16

G. Local License Violations ............................................................................................. 16

H. Right to Counsel ......................................................................................................... 16

I. Return of Vehicle - Parking in a Space Reserved For Persons with Disabilities ........ 16

J. Appeals ...................................................................................................................... 17

Payment Procedures ................................................................................................................ 17

A. Payment Procedures for Payment within Thirty Days of Sentencing ....................... 17

B. Deferred, Modified Deferred, Installment Payments or Community Service ........... 18

C. Claims of Inability to Pay Fines and Costs.................................................................. 19

D. Local License Violations - Special Conditions ............................................................ 21




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Post-Trial Procedures ............................................................................................................... 21

A. Notices to the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) .............................................. 21

B. Unpaid (“Bounced”) Checks or Dishonored Credit/Debit Card Payments ................ 22

C. Restoration of Driver’s License upon Entering into an Installment, Deferred or Modified Deferred Payment Agreement ................................................................... 22

D. Records Management................................................................................................ 23

Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) .............................................................................................. 24

A. Administrative Suspension of Driver’s License .......................................................... 24

B. Clerk’s Office Processing of the Administrative Suspension ..................................... 25

C. Trial Matters .............................................................................................................. 27

D. Sentencing Options .................................................................................................... 28

E. Refusal to Give Blood or Breath Sample.................................................................... 31

F. Virginia Alcohol Safety Action Program (VASAP) Participation ................................. 32

G. Driver’s License Actions ............................................................................................. 35

Impoundment .......................................................................................................................... 38

Restricted Driver’s License (Administrative, Driving Suspended, Fines/Costs) ....................... 39

A. Petition for Restricted Driver’s License Pursuant to §46.2-334.01 ........................... 39

B. Petition for Restricted Driver’s License Pursuant To §46.2-301(E) ........................... 40

C. Restricted License for Fines and Costs ...................................................................... 41

CHAPTER 5

CHINS/CHINSUP, ABUSE, NEGLECT AND FOSTER CARE CASE PROCEDURES ............................... 1

Children in Need of Services, Children in Need of Supervision and Status Offenses ................ 1

A. Definitions .................................................................................................................... 1

B. Case Initiation .............................................................................................................. 2

Abuse, Neglect, Relief of Custody, Entrustment, Foster Care, Termination of Parental Rights and Voluntary Continuing Services .............................................................................. 12

A. Emergency Removal Hearing and Preliminary Removal Hearings ............................ 12

B. Preliminary Protective Proceedings .......................................................................... 30

C. Petition by Custodian for Relief of Custody .............................................................. 46

D. Petition for Approval of Entrustment Agreement ..................................................... 58

E. Foster Care and Permanency Planning ...................................................................... 67

F. Termination of Residual Parental Rights ................................................................. 104

G. Reversal of Voluntary Terminations of Parental Rights .......................................... 119




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H. Restoration of Parental Rights ................................................................................. 119

I. Petition for Approval of Voluntary Continuing Services and Support Agreement . 121

Foster Care Youth Committed to DJJ And Returning to the Custody of DSS ......................... 122

A. Post DJJ Commitment – Foster Care Youth Released Prior to Attaining 18 Years of Age ........................................................................................................................... 122

B. Applicable Code ....................................................................................................... 122

C. Forms ....................................................................................................................... 123

D. Timing Considerations ............................................................................................. 123

E. Court’s Role .............................................................................................................. 123

F. Post DJJ Commitment – Foster Care Youth Released After Attaining 18 Years of Age ................................................................................................................................. 124

CHAPTER 6

JUVENILE CIVIL PROCEDURES ......................................................................................... 1

Consent for Adoption ................................................................................................................. 1

A. Overview ...................................................................................................................... 1

B. Requirements for Consent to Adoption ...................................................................... 1

C. Clerk’s Procedures ....................................................................................................... 3

Custody, Parenting Time and Visitation ..................................................................................... 7


B. Pretrial ....................................................................................................................... 11

C. Trial ............................................................................................................................ 12

D. Motions to Modify ..................................................................................................... 14

E. Military Deployment .................................................................................................. 14

F. Servicemembers Civil Relief Act Requirements for Default Judgment ..................... 15

G. Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act (UCCJEA) ........................ 16

H. Mediation/Educational Seminars/Investigations & Reports ..................................... 19

I. Appeals ...................................................................................................................... 22

Paternity ................................................................................................................................... 23

A. Parentage Determinations ........................................................................................ 23

B. Blood Tests as Evidence Regarding Paternity ............................................................ 23

C. Voluntary Acknowledgment of Paternity .................................................................. 24

Judicial Authorization of Abortion (Judicial Bypass Proceedings) ........................................... 24

A. Case Initiation ............................................................................................................ 25




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B. Right to Counsel ......................................................................................................... 26

C. Confidentiality and Notice of Hearing ....................................................................... 27

D. Hearing ....................................................................................................................... 27

E. Appeal ........................................................................................................................ 27

Involuntary Mental Commitments........................................................................................... 28

A. Overview .................................................................................................................... 28

B. Involuntary Commitment for Juvenile (Not Objecting) ............................................. 30

C. Involuntary Commitment by Emergency Admission-Magistrate Issued ................... 34

D. Involuntary Commitment by Emergency Admission-Judge Issued ........................... 35

E. Mandatory Outpatient Treatment for Juveniles – Review Hearings ........................ 36

Emancipation of Minors ........................................................................................................... 41

Standby Guardians ................................................................................................................... 42

A. Appointment of Standby Guardian Prior to the Triggering Event ............................. 42

B. Court Approval of a Written Designation of a Standby Guardian ............................. 43

C. Revocation, Refusal, Termination of Standby Guardianship ..................................... 45

D. Review of Standby Guardian ..................................................................................... 45

Custody/Visitation-Remanded from Circuit Court Divorce Order ........................................... 46

A. Forms ......................................................................................................................... 47

B. References ................................................................................................................. 47

CHAPTER 7

ADULT CRIMINAL CASE PROCEDURES ............................................................................... 1

Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 1

Narrative Description ................................................................................................................. 3

Pre-Court Procedures Flow Chart .............................................................................................. 7

Post Court Procedures ............................................................................................................... 8

Case Initiation ............................................................................................................................. 9

A. Unexecuted Warrants (Magistrate Issued) ................................................................. 9

B. Venue ......................................................................................................................... 10

C. Arrest Prior to the Filing of a Complaint .................................................................... 11

D. Arrest of an Illegal Alien ............................................................................................. 12




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E. Release on Bail ........................................................................................................... 13

F. Commitment to Jail.................................................................................................... 19

G. Search Warrants ........................................................................................................ 20

H. Request for Victim Confidentiality ............................................................................ 22

Case Pre-Trial Procedures ........................................................................................................ 25

A. Case Indexing and Filing ............................................................................................ 25

B. Docket Preparation .................................................................................................... 25

C. Prepayment Processing ............................................................................................. 26

D. Advisement of Right to Counsel/Review of Bail Determination ............................... 26

E. Arraignment ............................................................................................................... 29

F. Crossover Arraignments ............................................................................................ 29

G. Preliminary Hearings.................................................................................................. 30

H. Subpoenas, Witness Summoning .............................................................................. 31

I. Extradition Hearing .................................................................................................... 32

J. Request for a Reduction or Change of Bail (Bond Hearing) ...................................... 33

K. Mental Condition of Defendant................................................................................. 34

L. Interpreters for Deaf and Non-English Speaking Persons ......................................... 42

M. Certificate of Analysis ................................................................................................ 43

N. Admissibility of Affidavits .......................................................................................... 46

O. Notice, Motion and Order for Chemical Analysis of Alleged Plant Material ............. 47

P. Custody of Evidence .................................................................................................. 47

Q. Recall of Process ........................................................................................................ 47

R. Photographing and Broadcasting Judicial Proceedings ............................................. 48

S. Transfer of Jurisdiction .............................................................................................. 48

T. Confidentiality of Certain Pretrial Reports ................................................................ 48

Case Trial Procedures ............................................................................................................... 49

A. Adjudicatory Hearing ................................................................................................. 49

B. Failure to Appear and Bond Forfeiture ...................................................................... 51

C. Trial Provisions ........................................................................................................... 52

D. Pre-Conviction Probation for “First-Time Offenders” ............................................... 53

E. Accord and Satisfaction ............................................................................................. 54

F. Sentencing ................................................................................................................. 55

G. DNA Analysis .............................................................................................................. 57

H. Substance Abuse Screening, Assessment and Treatment ......................................... 58

I. Restitution ................................................................................................................. 59

J. Assault and Battery – First Offender Status and Motion to Withdraw Consent to Deferral of Proceedings Pursuant to VA. Code § 18.2-57.3(B) .................................. 61

K. Costs ........................................................................................................................... 62

L. Cash Bond Used to Pay Fines and Costs .................................................................... 63

M. Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity ............................................................................... 64



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N. Insanity after Conviction (Adjudication) .................................................................... 64

O. Central Criminal Records Exchange (CCRE) Procedures ............................................ 67

P. Constitutionality of Statutes ...................................................................................... 71

Case Payment Procedures ....................................................................................................... 71

A. Payment within Thirty Days of Sentencing ................................................................ 72

B. Petition for Payment Agreement For Fines and Costs or Request to Modify Existing Agreement ................................................................................................................. 73

C. Petition for Authorization for Restricted Driver’s License ........................................ 74

D. Nondisclosure ............................................................................................................ 75

E. Bankruptcy ................................................................................................................. 75

Case Post-Trial Procedures ...................................................................................................... 80

A. Failure to Pay Fines and Costs ................................................................................... 80

B. Failure to Comply with Conditional Release .............................................................. 82

C. Notices to Jail ............................................................................................................. 83

D. Appeals ...................................................................................................................... 84

E. Motion to Rehear ...................................................................................................... 84

F. Testing for HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) .................................................... 85

G. DNA Sample Taken at Arrest and Upon Conviction .................................................. 85

H. Administrative Procedures ........................................................................................ 85

I. Records Management................................................................................................ 86

J. Disposition of Property .............................................................................................. 87

CHAPTER 8

PROTECTIVE ORDERS ................................................................................................... 1

Family Abuse and Criminal Cases ............................................................................................... 1

A. Emergency Protective Orders ...................................................................................... 1

B. Emergency Protective Order – Family Abuse Procedures ........................................... 2

C. Family Abuse Protective Orders .................................................................................. 3

D. Servicemembers Civil Relief Act Requirements For Default Judgment....................... 3

E. Initial Petition Procedures ........................................................................................... 4

Protective Orders (§ 19.2-152.9) ............................................................................................... 9

A. Emergency Protective Orders ...................................................................................... 9

B. Procedure - Emergency Protective Order ................................................................. 10

C. Preliminary Protective Orders and Protective Orders ............................................... 10

D. Procedure – Preliminary Protective Order and Protective Order ............................. 11




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Extension of Preliminary Protective Orders ............................................................................. 16

Extension of Protective Orders ................................................................................................ 16

Protective Orders Issued from Criminal Case .......................................................................... 16

Modifications and Dissolutions of Protective Orders .............................................................. 17

Confidentiality Considerations ................................................................................................. 18

Child Protective Orders ............................................................................................................ 18

Foreign Protective Order (Issued by Other States) .................................................................. 19

A. State Provisions ......................................................................................................... 19

B. Federal Provisions ...................................................................................................... 20

C. Extension of Foreign Protective Order ...................................................................... 21

Violations of Protective Orders ................................................................................................ 22

A. Violation of Family Abuse Protective Order .............................................................. 22

B. Violations of Protective Order ................................................................................... 22

C. Venue ......................................................................................................................... 23

CHAPTER 9

SUPPORT .................................................................................................................. 1

Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 1

Support Proceedings .................................................................................................................. 1

A. Case Initiation of In-State Support Cases .................................................................... 1

B. Pre-Trial Procedures of In-State Support Cases .......................................................... 5

C. Trial Procedures in In-State Support Cases ................................................................. 6

D. Income Deduction Orders.......................................................................................... 12

E. Post-Trial Procedures ................................................................................................. 14

F. Support Payment Enforcement Process .................................................................... 16

Requests to Establish Paternity in a Support Proceeding ........................................................ 22

Uniform Interstate Family Support Cases (UIFSA) ................................................................... 23

A. Requests to Act as Initiating Tribunal for an Order to be heard and entered in Another State ............................................................................................................. 23




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B. Finalizing a Request from Another State’s Initiating Tribunal to Hear and Enter a Support Order in Virginia ........................................................................................... 24

C. Registration of Non-Virginia Support Orders ............................................................ 26

D. Modification of Non-Virginia Support Orders ........................................................... 29

Criminal Non-Support .............................................................................................................. 30

E. Procedures for Warrant from Magistrate ................................................................. 31

F. Procedures for Petition Filed in the Clerk’s Office, Without Affidavit ...................... 31

G. Clerk’s Procedures for Petition Filed in the Clerk’s Office with DC-614, Affidavit-Desertion and Non-Support....................................................................................... 33

H. Forms ......................................................................................................................... 34

I. References ................................................................................................................. 34

Appeal Bonds ........................................................................................................................... 34

A. Arrearage Bond-When Mandatory ............................................................................ 35

B. Accrual Bond-Discretionary ....................................................................................... 35

C. Appearance Bond-Discretionary ................................................................................ 35

D. Withdrawal of Appeals .............................................................................................. 35

E. Forms ......................................................................................................................... 36

Support-Remanded from Circuit Court Divorce Order ............................................................ 36

CHAPTER 10

FEES AND PREPAYMENTS .............................................................................................. 1

Civil Fees Schedules and Codes .................................................................................................. 1

A. Civil Case Processing Fees ............................................................................................ 1

B. J&DR Court Processing Fees for Custody and Visitation Cases ................................... 1

C. Legal Aid Services Fund ................................................................................................ 1

D. Courthouse Maintenance Fee (See local ordinance for amount) ............................... 1

E. Law Library Fee (See local ordinance for amount) ...................................................... 1

F. Civil Appeal .................................................................................................................. 1

G. Copying Charge ............................................................................................................ 2

H. Service of Process ........................................................................................................ 3

I. High Constable ............................................................................................................. 3

Criminal and Traffic Fee Schedules and Codes .......................................................................... 4

A. Traffic Infraction Costs ................................................................................................. 4

B. Non-drug Misdemeanor Costs ..................................................................................... 4

C. Multiple DUI Fee .......................................................................................................... 4




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D. Drug Misdemeanor Costs ............................................................................................ 4

E. Courthouse Maintenance Fee ..................................................................................... 4

F. Blood Test Fees (driving while intoxicated) Withdrawal ............................................. 5

G. Blood Test, HIV (certain offenses) Analysis ................................................................. 5

H. Court-Appointed Attorney/Public Defender Compensation ....................................... 5

I. Failure to appear unless good cause shown................................................................ 5

J. Non-consecutive Jail Fee ............................................................................................. 5

K. Unpaid Check/Credit Card Fee .................................................................................... 5

L. Witness Fees ................................................................................................................ 6

M. Fee for Deferred and Installment Payment Agreements ............................................ 6

N. Ignition Interlock Systems Penalty .............................................................................. 6

O. Weighing Fee ............................................................................................................... 6

P. Alcohol Safety Action Program (ASAP) ........................................................................ 6

Q. Court Security Fee........................................................................................................ 6

R. Jail Admissions Fee ...................................................................................................... 7

S. Reimbursement of Medical Fees by Defendants ........................................................ 7

T. Local Regional Justice Training Academy Fee .............................................................. 7

Uniform Fine Schedule ............................................................................................................... 7

A. Prepayable Traffic Offenses ......................................................................................... 7

B. Prepayable Non-Traffic Offenses ................................................................................. 7

CHAPTER 11

RECORDS RETENTION, DESTRUCTION AND EXPUNGEMENTS .................................................. 1

Authorities .................................................................................................................................. 1

Retention Provisions .................................................................................................................. 2

A. Administrative Records ................................................................................................ 2

B. Financial Records ......................................................................................................... 3

C. Full JDIS (Juvenile District Imaging System) Courts ..................................................... 5

D. § 19.2-392.2 Early Expungement of Police and Court Records - Adults ..................... 5

E. Early Destruction of Juvenile Records ....................................................................... 13

F. Annual Expungement of Juvenile Cases .................................................................... 15

G. Annual Purging of Adult Cases ................................................................................... 17

H. Time Constraints ........................................................................................................ 19

I. Forms ......................................................................................................................... 19

J. References ................................................................................................................. 19




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CHAPTER 12

MISCELLANEOUS ......................................................................................................... 1

Subpoena Duces Tecum ............................................................................................................. 1

A. Overview ...................................................................................................................... 1

B. Medical Records .......................................................................................................... 1

Service of Process ....................................................................................................................... 5

A. In General .................................................................................................................... 5

B. Service of Process - By Parties and Special Substitute Service Provisions .................. 5

C. Served Through the Secretary of the Commonwealth .............................................. 11

D. Served Through Clerk of SCC, DMV or Other ............................................................ 12

E. Using an Order of Publication .................................................................................... 12

F. Failure to Serve Process ............................................................................................. 15

Motion to Rehear ..................................................................................................................... 16

Bond Forfeiture ........................................................................................................................ 17

A. Secured Bond ............................................................................................................. 17

B. Unsecured Bond ........................................................................................................ 23

C. Defendant (First Party) Cash Bond ............................................................................ 26

D. Third-Party Cash Bond ............................................................................................... 27

E. Appeal-Bond Forfeiture ............................................................................................. 29

F. Refunding the Bond ................................................................................................... 29

G. Abstract of Judgment Filed by Juvenile & Domestic Relations District Court with the General District Court for Enforcement .................................................................... 31

H. Time Constraints ........................................................................................................ 31

I. Forms ......................................................................................................................... 32

J. References ................................................................................................................. 33

Authorization of Medical Treatment of Juveniles ................................................................... 34

Intellectual Disability ................................................................................................................ 34

Treatment, Rehabilitation or Other Services ........................................................................... 35

Special Work Permits ............................................................................................................... 35

Petition for Parental Participation ........................................................................................... 35

Driver’s License Ceremony ....................................................................................................... 35



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Petition for Cancellation of Juvenile's Driver’s License ........................................................... 36

Petition for Relief from Legal Determination of Paternity ...................................................... 37

Sex Offenders and Crimes Against Minors Registry ................................................................. 37

Civil Transports ......................................................................................................................... 38

A. Decisions under Current Law ..................................................................................... 39

B. Exception ................................................................................................................... 39

CHAPTER 13

CONFIDENTIALITY OF RECORDS ....................................................................................... 1

In General ................................................................................................................................... 1

Confidentiality of Department of Juvenile Justice Records (Including the Court Services Unit)3

Confidentiality of Law Enforcement Records ............................................................................ 3

Dockets Hearings and Records Public Trial Presence in Court .................................................. 3

Confidentiality of Juvenile Court Records .................................................................................. 5

Confidentiality of Child Support and Spousal Support Court Records ...................................... 7

Confidentiality of Circuit Court Records .................................................................................... 7

Disclosure of Vital Records ......................................................................................................... 7

Request for Confidentiality: Traffic and Criminal Cases ........................................................... 7

A. Traffic and Criminal Cases............................................................................................ 7

B. Civil Cases, Including Protective Orders ...................................................................... 8

APPENDIX A

CIVIL FEES & FORMS ................................................................................................... 1

DC-325, Request for Witness Subpoena .................................................................................... 1

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 1

B. Fees & Other Monies Assessed ................................................................................... 1

DC-326, Subpoena for Witnesses............................................................................................... 1



http://www.courts.state.va.us/courts/jdr/resources/manuals/jdrman/appendix_a.pdf


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A. Description ................................................................................................................... 1


DC-336, Subpoena Duces Tecum ............................................................................................... 2

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 2


DC-350, Notice to Health Care Entities -Subpoena Duces tecum for Health Records ............... 2

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 2


DC-368, Motion to Reopen (Criminal/ Traffic)/Motion to Rehear (Civil)/Motion for New Trial (Civil) ............................................................................................................................... 3

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 3


DC-382, Emergency Protective Order - Stalking/Serious Bodily Injury ..................................... 3

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 3


DC-384, Preliminary Protective Order - Stalking/Serious Bodily Injury ..................................... 3

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 3

B. Fees & Other Monies Assessed Fees & Other Monies Assessed ................................ 4

DC-385, Protective Order - Stalking/Serious Bodily Injury ........................................................ 4

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 4


DC-400, Mediation Orientation Order Of Referral .................................................................... 4

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 4


DC-401, Order for Appointment of Guardian Ad litem .............................................................. 4

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 4


DC-406, Petition to Require Blood Test ..................................................................................... 5



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A. Description ................................................................................................................... 5

B. Fees & Other Monies Assessed Fees & Other Monies Assessed ................................ 5

DC-410, Affidavit for Service of Process on the Secretary of the Commonwealth ................... 5

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 5


DC-411, Service Other Than By Virginia Sheriff ......................................................................... 6

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 6


DC-413, Certificate of Mailing Posted Service ........................................................................... 6

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 6


DC-418, Affidavit - Default Judgment - Servicemembers Civil Relief Act .................................. 6

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 6


DC-435, Affidavit and Petition for Order of Publication ............................................................ 7

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 7


DC-436, Order of Publication ..................................................................................................... 7

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 7


DC-437, Notice of Change of Address ........................................................................................ 7

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 7


DC-458, Notice of Satisfaction ................................................................................................... 8

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 8


DC-459, Motion for Judgment to be Marked Satisfied .............................................................. 8

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 8



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DC-460, Civil Appeal Bond .......................................................................................................... 9

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 9


DC-475, Notice of Appeal - Civil ................................................................................................. 9

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 9


DC-477, Petition for Judicial Certification of Eligibility for Admission ....................................... 9

A. Description ................................................................................................................... 9


DC-478, Certification of Eligibility for Admission ..................................................................... 10

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 10

B. Fees & Other Monies Assessed ................................................................................. 10

DC-481, Show Cause Summons (Civil) ..................................................................................... 10

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 10


DC-482, Show Cause Summons (Bond Forfeiture-Civil) .......................................................... 11

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 11


DC-483, Capias: Attachment of the Body (Civil) ..................................................................... 11

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 11


DC-485, Petition for Restoration of Driving Privilege – Habitual Offender ............................. 12

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 12


DC-486, Order for Evaluation - Habitual Offender .................................................................. 13

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 13




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DC-487, Order Restoring Driving - Privilege Habitual Offender ............................................... 13

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 13


DC-488, Medical Emergency Custody Order............................................................................ 13

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 13


DC-489, Medical Emergency Temporary Detention Petition .................................................. 14

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 14


DC-490, Medical Emergency Temporary Detention Order ...................................................... 14

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 14


DC-491, Medical Emergency Custody Petition ........................................................................ 14

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 14


DC-492, Emergency Custody Order ......................................................................................... 15

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 15


DC-493, Explanation of Involuntary Commitment Process - Acknowledgement of Rights ..... 16

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 16


DC-494A, Temporary Detention Order - Judge ........................................................................ 16

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 16


DC-495, Petition and Affidavit for Good Cause/for Injunction of Mandamus – Freedom of Information Act ............................................................................................................ 17

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 17




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DC-496, Order Granting Petition for Injunction of Writ of Mandamus ................................... 17

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 17


DC-497, Subpoena for Witness (Civil) – Attorney Issued ......................................................... 18

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 18


DC-502(A), Petition for Judicial Authorization of Abortion ..................................................... 18

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 18


DC-503, Petition for Court Approval of Standby Guardian ...................................................... 18

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 18


DC-508, Acknowledgment of Notice of Next Hearing Date ..................................................... 19

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 19


DC-510, Summons .................................................................................................................... 19

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 19


DC-511, Petition ....................................................................................................................... 20

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 20


DC-512, Notice of Hearing ....................................................................................................... 20

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 20


DC-514, Order for Appointment of Guardian Ad litem ............................................................ 20

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 20


DC-526, Emergency Removal Order ........................................................................................ 21



TABLE OF CONTENTS Page xx


A. Description ................................................................................................................. 21


DC-527, Preliminary Child Protective Order ............................................................................ 21

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 21


DC-528, Preliminary Child Removal Order ............................................................................... 22

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 22


DC-529, Detention Order ......................................................................................................... 22

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 22


DC-530, Shelter Care Order ...................................................................................................... 22

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 22


DC-531, Order for Involuntary Termination of Residual Parental Rights ................................ 23

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 23


DC-532, Child Protective Order ................................................................................................ 23

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 23


DC-533, Assessment/Payment Order ...................................................................................... 23

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 23


DC-534, Order for Voluntary Termination of Residual Parental Rights ................................... 24

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 24


DC-535, Notice of Termination of Residual Parental Rights .................................................... 24

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 24



TABLE OF CONTENTS Page xxi



DC-542, Order for Investigation and Report ............................................................................ 24

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 24


DC-550, Petition Requesting Authorization for Medical Treatment of Juvenile ..................... 25

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 25


DC-556, Petition for Permanency Planning Hearing ................................................................ 25

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 25


DC-560, Petition and Order for Parental Participation ............................................................ 25

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 25


DC-580, Notice of Appeal – Criminal........................................................................................ 26

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 26


DC-581, Notice of Appeals – Juvenile Civil Appeals ................................................................. 26

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 26


DC-582, Request for Virginia Registration of a Child Custody and/or Visitation Determination from Another State ...................................................................................................... 26

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 26


DC-601, Notice – Administrative Support Decision Appeal ..................................................... 27

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 27


DC-602, Notice of Appeal – Support Proceedings ................................................................... 27

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 27



TABLE OF CONTENTS Page xxii



DC-606, Affidavit in Support of Application for Proceeding in Custody or Visitation Case without Payment of Filing Fees .................................................................................... 27

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 27


DC-610, Petition for Support (Civil) .......................................................................................... 28

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 28


DC-611, Petition for Protective Order – Family Abuse ............................................................ 28

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 28


DC-612, Desertion/Non-Support Petition (Criminal) ............................................................... 28

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 28


DC-615, Respondent’s Request for Income Deduction Order ................................................. 29

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 29


DC-617, Motion and Notice of Proposed Income Deduction Order for Support .................... 29

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 29


DC-618, Request for Confidentiality - Civil............................................................................... 29

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 29


DC-621, Non-Disclosure Addendum ........................................................................................ 30

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 30


DC-623, Motion for Genetic Testing ........................................................................................ 30

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 30



TABLE OF CONTENTS Page xxiii



DC-624, Parentage Test Order ................................................................................................. 30

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 30


DC-625, Motion and Notice and Judgment for Arrearages ..................................................... 31

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 31


DC-630, Motion to Amend or Review Order ........................................................................... 31

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 31


DC-635, Motion for Show Cause or Capias .............................................................................. 32

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 32


DC-670, Petition for Suspension of Professional or Other License .......................................... 32

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 32


DC-684, Filing of Foreign Protective Order .............................................................................. 32

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 32


DC-685, Request for Virginia Registration of Foreign Support Order...................................... 33

A. Description ................................................................................................................. 33


APPENDIX B

CRIMINAL & TRAFFIC FINES AND FEES ............................................................................. 1

Fines and Fees (A-C) ................................................................................................................... 1

A. Abandoned Vehicle Costs ............................................................................................ 1

B. Add-On Fees/Costs ...................................................................................................... 1

C. ASAP - Alcohol Safety Action Program Fee .................................................................. 5


http://www.courts.state.va.us/courts/jdr/resources/manuals/jdrman/appendix_b.pdf


TABLE OF CONTENTS Page xxiv


D. Bad Check/Credit/Debit Card Fee................................................................................ 5

E. Blaze Orange/Blaze Pink Clothing ................................................................................ 6

F. Blood Test Fee - DUI Cases .......................................................................................... 6

G. Blood Test Fee - HIV & Hepatitis B or C Testing .......................................................... 7

H. Blood Test Fee - HLA (Paternity Cases) ........................................................................ 8

I. Bond Forfeiture ............................................................................................................ 9

J. Child Safety Restraint Device Penalty .......................................................................... 9

K. Cigarettes: Tax-Paid Contraband Cigarettes .............................................................. 10

L. Computer Analysis Fee .............................................................................................. 11

M. Confiscated Monies/Property ................................................................................... 11

N. Court Appointed Attorney Costs ............................................................................... 12

O. Court Processing Fee - Fixed Costs ............................................................................ 14

P. Court Reporter Fee .................................................................................................... 15

Q. Courthouse Construction Fee (CHCF) ........................................................................ 16

R. Courthouse Maintenance Fund Fee (CHMF) ............................................................. 16

S. Courthouse Security Fund (CHSF) .............................................................................. 17

T. Criminal History Fee ................................................................................................... 18

U. Criminal Injury Compensation Fund Fee (CICF) ......................................................... 18

V. Criminal Justice Training Academy Fund (LOCAL) ..................................................... 19

W. Criminal Justice Training Academy Fund (Regional) .................................................. 19

Fines and Fees (D-J) .................................................................................................................. 20

A. Deferred Disposition Costs ........................................................................................ 20

B. DNA Analysis .............................................................................................................. 20

C. Driver Improvement Clinic Fee/Mature Driver Motor Vehicle Crash Prevention Course ........................................................................................................................ 21

D. Drive-Off from Retail Motor Fuel Establishment ...................................................... 22

E. Drug Analysis (Forensic Lab) Costs ............................................................................ 22

F. Drug Enforcement Jurisdiction Fund (DEJF) Fee........................................................ 23

G. Drug Offender Assessment Fund (DOAF) .................................................................. 23

H. Duck Blinds in Disrepair ............................................................................................. 24

I. Electronic Summons Fee ........................................................................................... 24

J. Extradition Costs ........................................................................................................ 25

K. Fine - Local ................................................................................................................. 26

L. Fine - State ................................................................................................................. 26

M. Game Replacement Fee ............................................................................................. 27

N. Highway Litter Fine .................................................................................................... 27

O. HOT Lane Penalties – Failure to Pay Toll ................................................................... 28

P. HOV Lane Violations .................................................................................................. 29

Q. Hunting, Trapping & Fishing without A License Fee .................................................. 29

R. Ignition Interlock System Penalty .............................................................................. 30

S. Internet Crimes against Children Fund ...................................................................... 31



TABLE OF CONTENTS Page xxv


T. Interest on Unpaid Fine and/or Costs ....................................................................... 31

U. Interpreter Fee - for Deaf in Civil Proceedings .......................................................... 32

V. Interpreter Fee - Criminal Cases ................................................................................ 33

W. Jail Admission Fee ...................................................................................................... 33

Fines and Fees (l-Z) ................................................................................................................... 34

A. Liquidated Damages .................................................................................................. 34

B. Medical Costs for Gathering Evidence ....................................................................... 35

C. Methamphetamine Lab Clean-Up Costs (Commonwealth) ...................................... 35

D. Methamphetamine Lab Clean-Up Costs (Local) ........................................................ 36

E. Motorboat and Water Safety Fund ........................................................................... 36

F. Prepayable Traffic Infractions .................................................................................... 37

G. Photocopying Fees ..................................................................................................... 38

H. Psychological Evaluation Fee Assessment ................................................................. 38

I. Public Defender Costs ................................................................................................ 39

J. Refund of Bond Forfeitures ....................................................................................... 40

K. Reimbursement of Expenses by Locality Incurred in Responding to Traffic Incidents by Law Enforcement, Volunteer Fire Department, Rescue Squad, etc. .................... 41

L. Restitution ................................................................................................................. 42

M. Safety Lap Belts and Shoulder Harness ..................................................................... 43

N. Smoke with Minor in Vehicle ..................................................................................... 44

O. Sentencing (Supervision) Fee .................................................................................... 44

P. Time to Pay (TTP) Deferred/Installment Agreements ............................................... 45

Q. Toll Roads Penalties - Failure to Pay Toll ................................................................... 46

R. Transportation Trust Fund ......................................................................................... 47

S. Trauma Center Fund .................................................................................................. 48

T. Trial in Absence (TIA) Fee .......................................................................................... 48

U. Virginia Health Care Fund .......................................................................................... 49

V. Virginia Crime Victim Witness Fund (CVWF) ............................................................. 49

W. Weighing Costs .......................................................................................................... 50

X. Weighing Fee ............................................................................................................. 50

Y. Witness Fees .............................................................................................................. 51

Z. Witness Fees - Testimony Certificate of Analysis ...................................................... 51

APPENDIX C

APPEALS ................................................................................................................... 1

Traffic and Criminals Appeals ..................................................................................................... 1

Appeal of Bail Prior to Trial ........................................................................................................ 3

Withdrawal of Appeal ................................................................................................................ 3


http://www.courts.state.va.us/courts/jdr/resources/manuals/jdrman/appendix_c.pdf


TABLE OF CONTENTS Page xxvi


A. Forms ........................................................................................................................... 4

B. References ................................................................................................................... 4

Civil and Criminal Contempt in Child Support and Bifurcated Appeals ..................................... 4

Appeal Bonds – Civil Support ..................................................................................................... 4

A. Arrearage Bond-When Mandatory .............................................................................. 4

B. Accrual Bond ................................................................................................................ 5

C. Appearance Bond ........................................................................................................ 5

D. Withdrawal of Appeal in Civil Cases ............................................................................ 5

E. Clerk’s Procedures - No Bond Required on Appeal ..................................................... 6

F. Clerk’s Procedures - Bond Required on Appeal by the Respondent in Civil Support Proceedings.................................................................................................................. 6

G. Time Constraints .......................................................................................................... 8

H. Forms ........................................................................................................................... 8

I. References ................................................................................................................... 8

Appeal Bonds – Criminal Support .............................................................................................. 9

A. Clerk’s Procedures – No Bond Required on Appeal .................................................... 9

B. Clerk’s Procedures – Bond Required ........................................................................... 9

C. Time Constraints ........................................................................................................ 10

D. Forms ......................................................................................................................... 10

E. References ................................................................................................................. 10

Delinquency Appeals ................................................................................................................ 11

A. Clerk’s Procedures ..................................................................................................... 11

B. Forms ......................................................................................................................... 11

C. References ................................................................................................................. 12

Custody/Visitation Relief of Custody Appeals ......................................................................... 12

A. Clerk’s Procedures ..................................................................................................... 12

B. Forms ......................................................................................................................... 13

C. References ................................................................................................................. 14

Protective Orders ..................................................................................................................... 14

Appeals Matrix ......................................................................................................................... 14

GLOSSARY 1

LbDEX ................................................................................................1

http://www.courts.state.va.us/courts/jdr/resources/manuals/jdrman/appendix_c.pdf

http://www.courts.state.va.us/courts/jdr/resources/manuals/jdrman/glossary.pdf

http://www.courts.state.va.us/courts/jdr/resources/manuals/jdrman/index.pdf

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