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Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

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Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West I. The Reign of Emperor Justinian ( ) A. Early Accomplishments: Law Code & St. Sophia

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Page 1: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West

The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Page 2: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West

I. The Reign of Emperor Justinian (527-565)

Page 3: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West

I. The Reign of Emperor Justinian (527-565)

A. Early Accomplishments: Law Code & St. Sophia

Page 4: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

The Great Church of Hagia Sophia, in present-day Istanbul, Turkey

Page 5: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Interior of Hagia Sophia

(Notice the play of light created by the placement of 42 windows at the base of the enormous dome!)

Page 6: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s
Page 7: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West

I. The Reign of Emperor Justinian

A. Early Accomplishments: Law Code & St. Sophia

B. Campaigns of Re-Conquest

Page 8: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s
Page 9: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West

I. The Reign of Emperor Justinian (527-565)

A. Early Accomplishments: Law Code & St. Sophia

B. Campaigns of Re-Conquest

II. Justinian’s Religious Policies

Page 10: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West

I. The Reign of Emperor Justinian (527-565)

A. Early Accomplishments: Law Code & St. Sophia

B. Campaigns of Re-Conquest

II. Justinian’s Religious Policies

A. vs. Paganism

Page 11: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West

I. The Reign of Emperor Justinian (527-565)

A. Early Accomplishments: Law Code & St. Sophia

B. Campaigns of Re-Conquest

II. Justinian’s Religious Policies

A. vs. Paganism

B. vs. Heretics (i.e. Monophysites/Miaphysites)

Page 12: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West

I. The Reign of Emperor Justinian (527-565)

A. Early Accomplishments: Law Code & St. Sophia

B. Campaigns of Re-Conquest

II. Justinian’s Religious Policies

A. vs. Paganism

B. vs. Heretics (i.e. Monophysites/anti-Chalcedonians)

C. Missions: The Christianization of Nubia

Page 13: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Coin of King Ezana I of Ethiopia (Axum), 330s

First ruler to mint coins with symbol of cross (even before Constantine)

Page 14: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Map of Nubia: Modern-day southern Egypt and Northern Sudan

Page 15: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West

I. The Reign of Emperor Justinian (527-565)

A. Early Accomplishments: Law Code & St. Sophia

B. Campaigns of Re-Conquest

II. Justinian’s Religious Policies

A. vs. Paganism

B. vs. Heretics (i.e. Monophysites/anti-Chalcedonians)

C. Missions: The Christianization of Nubia

III. Meanwhile in the West (5th to 6th century) …

Page 16: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West

I. The Reign of Emperor Justinian (527-565)

A. Early Accomplishments: Law Code & St. Sophia

B. Campaigns of Re-Conquest

II. Justinian’s Religious Policies

A. vs. Paganism

B. vs. Heretics (i.e. Monophysites/anti-Chalcedonians)

C. Missions: The Christianization of Nubia

III. Meanwhile in the West (5th to 6th century) …

A. Development and Role of the Papacy

Page 17: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West

I. The Reign of Emperor Justinian (527-565)

A. Early Accomplishments: Law Code & St. Sophia

B. Campaigns of Re-Conquest

II. Justinian’s Religious Policies

A. vs. Paganism

B. vs. Heretics (i.e. Monophysites/anti-Chalcedonians)

C. Missions: The Christianization of Nubia

III. Meanwhile in the West (5th to 6th century) …

A. Development and Role of the Papacy

1. Papal Primacy

Page 18: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West

I. The Reign of Emperor Justinian (527-565)

A. Early Accomplishments: Law Code & St. Sophia

B. Campaigns of Re-Conquest

II. Justinian’s Religious Policies

A. vs. Paganism

B. vs. Heretics (i.e. Monophysites/anti-Chalcedonians)

C. Missions: The Christianization of Nubia

III. Meanwhile in the West (5th to 6th century) …

A. Development and Role of the Papacy

1. Papal Primacy2. Rome vs. Constantinople on Church Authority

Page 19: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West

I. The Reign of Emperor Justinian (527-565)

A. Early Accomplishments: Law Code & St. Sophia

B. Campaigns of Re-Conquest

II. Justinian’s Religious Policies

A. vs. Paganism

B. vs. Heretics (i.e. Monophysites/anti-Chalcedonians)

C. Missions: The Christianization of Nubia

III. Meanwhile in the West (5th to 6th century) …

A. Development and Role of the Papacy1. Papal Primacy2. Rome vs. Constantinople on Church Authority3. Political Factors

Page 20: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

“There are two powers, august Emperor, by which this world is ruled from the beginning: the consecrated authority of the bishops, and the royal power...Besides, most gracious son, you are aware that although you in your office are ruler of the human race, nevertheless you devoutly bow your head before those who are leaders in things divine and look to them for the means of your salvation.”

- Pope Gelasius I, end of fifth century

Page 21: Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West The Court of Emperor Justinian, Mosaic from Ravenna, Italy, 540s

Justinian, Byzantine Christianity, and Developments in the West

I. The Reign of Emperor Justinian (527-565)

A. Early Accomplishments: Law Code & St. Sophia

B. Campaigns of Re-Conquest

II. Justinian’s Religious Policies

A. vs. Paganism

B. vs. Heretics (i.e. Monophysites/anti-Chalcedonians)

C. Missions: Monophysites & the Christianization of Nubia

III. Meanwhile in the West (5th to 6th century) …

A. Development and Role of the Papacy1. Papal Primacy2. Rome vs. Constantinople on Church Authority3. Political Factors