jupiter icy moons orbiter - lunar and planetary institute · jupiter icy moons orbiter organization...

PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only

Exploring the habitable water worlds of Jupiter —

Callisto, Ganymede,and Europa

Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter

Mission Characteristics Overview to the Forum on Concepts and Approaches for

Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter

John CasaniJune 12 - 13, 2003

June 12, 2003 PRE-DECISIONAL - For planning and discussion purposes only JRC - 2

Agenda

• Project Overview– Project Objectives– Project Organizational Approach and Organization– Schedules

• Mission Overview – Mission Objectives– Mission Design – Mission Timeline– Flight System Overview – Mission Characteristics– Mission Comparisons – JIMO to historical missions– Potential Enhancements – Jovian Atmospheric Probes, Europa Landers, Io followon

mission


Project Objectives

• The Project will develop the mission to meet the following overarching objectives:• Technology

– Develop a nuclear reactor powered spacecraft and show that it can be processed safely, launched safely, and operated safely and reliably in deep space for long-duration deep space exploration

Subsidiary to this major objective is the development of nuclear fission technology and associated system technologies preparatory to demonstrating their effectiveness in deep space exploration

• Science– Explore the three icy moons of Jupiter – Callisto, Ganymede, and Europa and

return science data that will meet the highest scientific goals as set forth in the Decadal Survey Report of the National Academy of Sciences.

The high power and high data rate afforded by nuclear power will enable science data return that is unprecedented in quality and quantity.


Project Prometheus Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter Organization

Program ControlLine Control

Oversight

Space Science Enterprise Ed Weiler, AA

Chris Scolese, Deputy AA

Headquarters

JPLCenter Director

Charles Elachi

Implementing Organizations

Project PrometheusProgram Office

Program Director, Al Newhouse Dep. Program Dir for Nuclear, DOE (TBD)

Program Executive, Ray Taylor

Solar SystemExploration Division

Div. Director, Colleen HartmanProgram Scientist, Curt Niebur

Project OfficeJohn Casani, Project Manager

Ass’t Project Mgr for Nuclear (DOE TBD)

Proj Science OfficeTorrence Johnson, Proj Scientist

SCDT

SDT

ExecutiveOversight


Acquisition Strategy

• JIMO requires the best capabilities the Nation has to offer in order to meet the technology and science objectives

– NASA Centers, including JPL – Industry– DOE National Laboratories – Academia– Naval Reactors – Others

• Major elements will be performed by Industry– 3 study contracts (Boeing, Lockheed Martin, NGST) -- subject to “Rules of

Engagement” to preserve a level playing field– Spacecraft Module and space system integration & test contract (with GFE elements)– Reactor Module contract

• Mission Module will be provided by JPL• Investigations will be competed via the NASA AO process• All acquisition activities support the Independent Life Cycle Cost Analysis

(ILCCA) and the target launch in 2011


FY03 FY04 FY05S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J

6/26/03

JIMO Phase A Schedule

NASA Milestones3/18

FAD8/15

Phase B Task Plan10/1

Lev 1 Science Reqs

12/15ILCCA

2/15Phase B

Start

Pre-Phase A Phase A- P h a s e A - Phase BNSI Mission

Concept Studies1/22

Concept Review

2/11Draft Phase ARFP Complete

3/21Release Phase A RFP

ProgressReview

Industry Studies 4/7

Award Phase AStudy Contracts

6/16

ProgressReview

8/18

ProgressReview

10/13

StatusReview 1

12/15

Task 1Review

Task 1 - Trade Studies 2/15

ProgressReview

4/15 5/15

StatusReview 2

7/15CR/Proposal

Task 2 - Conceptual Design Studies

Phase B/C/D Procurement 1/15

Issue DraftRFP

2/4 4/15

Phase B/C/DRFP Rel.

7/15

ReceiveProposals

10/15

Phase B/C/DContractor Sel.

ReceiveComments

Phase B Contract11/15

Phase B ContractExecuted

2/15

PrelimDesign Start

9/15/05Project Milestones Project Plan

5/12Phase C/D Contract

Negotiated & Executed Draft ProjectPlan2/7

FY '03 ProgressReport

9/28

Tech. BaselineRev. 212/15

FinalReport1/28Phase A

Acq Package2/18 4/7 5/14

Gate ProductStatus Review

9/1 10/15 2/16Cost Est. #2

6/1 8/1Cost Est. 3

9/26 11/15

Updated CostEstimate

1/15PMSR

2/15

IndustryBriefing

Start InternalPhase A Studies

Tech. BaselineRev. 1 Cost Est. #1 Conceptual Design

ReviewFY '04

ProgressReport

2/1Project Plan

Update

PrelimPlan

Contract ManagementPlan

3/3Start

8/1 9/1

Phase BSEB Plan

12/1

Phase BSurveillance Plan

3/1

Contract MgmtPlan

Science Milestones2/28

SDT Formed6/14 9/9

SDT Mtg9/8 - 9/9 11/12

SDT Mtg11/12 - 11/13 4/1

Update #2 PayloadAccom. EnvelopeScience Workshop/

SDT MtgDraft

Science Objectives11/14

NASA Briefing/Final Science Objectives

9/1Draft Payload

Accom. Envelope

11/11Update #1 PayloadAccom. Envelope

R-28 - Revised:


Trajectory Overview

Earth Spiral Out with Lunar Gravity Assist

Europa Science OrbitJupiter Arrival and Spiral in

Interplanetary Transit


Mission Overview

Launch and Spacecraft Initialization (2011)

2 years

Earth Escape/Interplanetary Trajectory

6 years

Jupiter Arrival/Spiral in

1 year

Callisto Encounter (8 months)

Ganymede Encounter (8 months)

Europa Encounter (2.5 months)

EOM (~12 years)

Science Obs ~40 Months


Preliminary Government Study Configuration20 ion thrusters in 2 pods of 10 mounted on booms. PPUs mounted inside Spacecraft Bus

20 m deployable boom

3 m X/Ka band dish (1 kW RF power) boom mounted

2 redundant 100 kWeBrayton converters

2 PMADs located in Spacecraft Bus

10 x 5 deg Oval shield

550 kWt LM reactor

Single Xenon tank placed to provide gamma shielding to avionics/Instruments

177 m2 radiator for reactor and converter waste heat rejection

RCS thrusters: 2 groups of 8 at each end of vehicle with separate tank for

each system

PMAD Parasitic Load Radiators

2 kW Solar Array for startup Science Platforms

and Assemblies

Electric PropulsionScience Payload

Reactor & Power Conversion

Gas ducts not attached

Power Management & Distribution

Guidance, Navigation & Control

Command & Data HandlingRadiation Shielding

Xenon Propellant Tank


Trade Options

• Thermoelectric• Stirling• Brayton

Power Conversion

Heat Rejection

Electric Thrusters

Reactor Cooling

• 2-Phase Loops• Heat Pipes• Pumped loops

• Ion• Hall•ISP/ Thrust

• Heat pipe •Liquid metal• Gas

•Trajectory options•Cost/Performance options•Radiation shield options•Optical Comm. Experiment


Science Accommodation Capabilities

• Mass:600 kg science package including scan platform, instrument support functions

(coolers, etc), potential auxiliary science packages, etc• Power:

>10 kW continuous power supplied to payload• Data Rates:

Planned 10 Mbps at Jupiter• Data Volume:

>50,000 Gbits over the mission lifetime• Observations:

Continuous in orbit (simultaneous data taking and comm)• Fields of View: (Preliminary)

2 pi stearadian for bus mounted instruments360 degree FOV for turntable instrumentsFor scan platform ability to scan, track, target motion compensation


Notional Science Accommodation(From JIMT Study)

Magnetometer on 10m boom

Deployable radar yagiantenna

Ion thruster pods (2)

Imaging instruments on scan platform, Nadir looking during science, able to look 90° off for science during spiral in

Particles and fields instruments on turntable platform

X/Ka 3m HGA

Laser Altimeter

Instrument Accommodation:

•Payload Data System with redundant computers and I/O

•Common 1394 high speed data interface

•NAC, MAC, WAC, IR Spectrometer and Thermal Imager on scan platform

•Laser altimeter, Radar antenna body mounted

•Radar yagi folds back during spiral in for clear imaging FOV

•Ion Counter, Particle Detector, Mass Spectrometer, Dust Detector, and Plasma Spectrometer on Turntable allowing 360° scans

•Magnetometer on boom


JIMO Environments - Radiation

Spherical ShellThickness

Jovian Reactor Earth Spiral Total

10 mil Al 25000 25 12000 37000 krads

30 mil Al 12000 25 1700 14000 krads

50 mil Al 7400 25 720 8100 krads

100 mil Al 4100 25 140 4300 krads

300 mil Al 1200 25 14 1200 krads

500 mil Al 580 25 8 610 krads

1000 mil Al 200 25 5 230 krads

3000 mil Al 38 25 3 66 krads

JIMT SLO TID SummaryDose in Kilorads (Si)


JIMO Environments - Radiation

Spherical ShellThickness

Jovian Reactor Earth Spiral Total

10 mil Al 6.0E13 1.0E11 5.3E11 6.1E13

30 mil Al 1.7E13 1.0E11 3.3E11 1.7E13

50 mil Al 1.0E13 1.0E11 2.1E11 1.0E13

100 mil Al 5.7E12 1.0E11 1.5E11 6.0E12

300 mil Al 1.9E12 1.0E11 1.3E11 2.1E12

500 mil Al 9.7E11 1.0E11 8.5E10 1.2E12

1000 mil Al 3.4E11 1.0E11 5.2E10 4.9E11

3000 mil Al 3.2E10 1.0E11 3.0E10 1.6E11

JIMT SLO DDD Summary Equivalent 1 MeV Neutrons/cm2


JIMO Expected Environments(EMC and Magnetics)

• The JIMT power distribution system, ion thrusters, and solar arrays will generate large magnetic fields– AC magnetic fields (10 m boom length):

• 100 nT at 1.5kHz (spike at this freq)• 2-10 nT outside this band

– DC magnetic fields (10 m boom length): 10 nT• Assuming Cassini magnetic cleanliness program

• The Ka band communications system and potential ice penetrating radar will produce large radiated E-fields – Ka band radiated E-field: 150 V/m (2m from antenna, ~13 GHz)– Ice penetrating radar radiated E-field: 350 V/m (1 m from antenna 15 to 50

MHz)• UHF

– UHF radiated E-field: 100 V/m (1m from antenna, 400 MHz)

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