joining technology of researchcentre, oxford brookes university
Post on 05-Jul-2016
213 views
TRANSCRIPT
F e a t u r e
Projects
• Bolting pa t t e rn s and uniform bolt loading on a pipe flange and engine block.
• Frict ional var ia t ion in a fastener. • Elast ic in terac t ion m e a s u r e m e n t
and predict ion in a bo l ted / f lange / g a s k e t sys tem with any n u m b e r of fas teners .
• Gaske t compress ive s t ress measu remen t s .
• Gaske t damage due to external jo in t loading.
• Exper imenta l m e a s u r e m e n t of gasket leakage in a bolted flange system,
• Measuremen t of external bending momen t effects on gasket leakage.
• Measurement s of s t ra in and d i sp lacement in a p re s su re vessel bolted flange.
Sponsors and affiliations
Pressure Vessel Research Council, Bolting Technology Council, BP America, and n u m e r o u s gasket companies .
Contact: George Bibel, Ph.D., P.E. (Director), Fluid Sealing Technology Laboratory, Depar tment of Mechanical Engineering, University of N. Dakota, PO Box 8359, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA. Tel: +1 701 777 4918; Fax: +1 701 777 4838. E-mail: [email protected]. nodak . edu WWW: www.und.nodak. e d u / d e p t / s e m
Georgia Inst i tute of Technology,
Tribology & Rheology Laboratory
Background in seals research
The ear l ies t work on seals was in 1976, on labyr in th seals for large gas turbines , for General Electric Co. seal work accelera ted in 1985 when I tzhak Green jo ined the group, and again in 1987 when Richard Sa lan t joined.
Test facilities
• Test rig for dynamic behaviour of non contact ing mechanica l seals.
• Test rig for contact ing mechanica l seal dynamics & separa t ion conditions.
• Test rig for viscous p u m p / n o n - c o n t a c t i n g zero leakage seal.
• Testing for electronically controlled mechanical seal.
• Several profilometers and rheometers .
Special analysis methods
• Codes for analysis & design of gas & liquid mechanical seals.
• Finite element ana lyses to generate influence coefficients for mechanica l & thermal deformation of seal components .
• Finite difference of finite element codes to solve Reynolds EQ.
• Code to s imula te dynamic behaviour of non-contact ing mechanica l seals with animation.
• Code for s teady s tate of s tabil i ty of mechanica l seals of flexible shafts.
• Code for finite element model of O -rings.
• Codes for analysis of lip seals.
Current research projects
Mathemat ical model of mechanica l seals. Mathemat ical model of lip seals. Monitoring of sub or higher h a r m o u n t oscil lations in rotat ing machine elements. Trans ien t behaviour of ro tary lip seals. Detection of mechanical seal failure in turbomachinery .
Sponsors and affiliations
Allied Signal, Chicago Rawhide, BW/IP Internat ional , J o h n Crane, National Science Foundat ion, Office of Naval Research
Contact: Dr Richard Sa lan t & Itzhek Green, Tribology Research
Georg
Group, Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Inst i tute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0405, USA. Tel: +1 404 894 3176; Fax: +1 464 894 8336. E-mail: r ichard. sa [email protected],edu WWW: h t t p : / /www, ga tech .edu
Joining Technology Research
Centre, Oxford Brookes University
Background in sealant research
In 1989 the research centre extended its cons t ruc t ion adhes ives work into wet-appl ied sea lants . It has run two large re sea rch projects, carr ied out contract test ing and publ i shed a reference work on reseal ing of buildings. It is the leading UK univers i ty involved in sea lan t technology.
Test facilities
• 1 tonne & I0 tonne universal test ing mach ines used for mechanica l test ing of sealed joints .
• Environmenta l cabinets , including temp / humid i ty control, UV exposure and Xenotest .
• Cyclic movement test a p p a r a t u s for sealed joints .
• Polymer analys is equipment (DMTA, FTIR).
• Microscopy (optical, SEM). • Surface analys is facilities (static,
dynamic) and video contac t angle analysis , for a s s e s s m e n t of wettabili ty.
• Non-contact ing laser profi lometer for m e a s u r e m e n t of surface texture.
Special analysis methods
Software for calculat ing surface energy and software for generat ing 3-I5 images of surface roughness
Current research projects
Sealant per formance requi rements for high movement jo in ts 1995-97. EPSRC - - funded project + 4 sponsors . Collaborative work with NRC Canada on the effects of movement.
Sponsors and affiliations
Tatwood Engineering, Bovis Program Management , Adshead Ratcliffe Row, Evode, Fosrox
10 Sealing Technology No. 36
F e a t u r e
OXFORD
BROOI(ES UNIVERSITY
International, Morton International, SIKA
Future plans
Future projects may involve work on seals for water-retaining structures, staining, and test developments.
Contact: Dr Allan R Hutchinson, Joining Technology Research Centre, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 O8P, UK. Tel: +44 1865 483504; Fax: +44 1865 484179; E-mail: A.R.Hutchinson@brookes. ac.uk WWW: h t tp : / /cs3 .brookes , ac .uk
Materials Engineer ing Research •
Laboratory
Background in seals research
Since around 1988 MERL has been involved in various consultancies on materials properties for seals, gaskets in service. MERL and BHR Group started a joint industry project "Seal Life Prediction" which ran for 3 phases (7 years) and led to formation of the Seal Life Users Group project. By performing appropriate tests before and after ageing-exposures to hostile fluids (eg permeation, liquid absorption, appropriate mechanical, fatigue and time dependent tests) MERL has specialised in learning more about sealing mechanism and durability aspects.
• 30 litre capacity cell created to 5000 psi / 200°C with ports internal leakage testing of thick section seals in correct housings, for instance. Many other testing formats possible.
• Dynamic test rig facility for 4 inch seal stacks, with differential pressures up to 15 000 psi, and up to 250°C.
• MERL possesses unique high-pressure (15000 psi) gas permeation equipment for elastomers and thermoplastics, the latter being used sometimes for seals, or as back-up rings for elastomer seals.
• Leakage tests for automotive cam/drive shaft seals. Other high pressure leakage tests for oil field applications.
• Seal leakage test for automotive air conditioning fluids.
Special analysis m e t h o d s
fracturing, leading to develop- ment of better resistant materials MERL performs failure analyses of seals from service.
Current projects
Joint industry project - - Seal Life Users Group ( in partnership with BHR Group): the application of methodology established previously to service situations required by participants. Seal material design for a Norwegian Pipeline company plus validation tests. Consul tancy review of materials for seal for a North Sea field. Seal geometry aspects for dynamic sealing, and development of new designs for oilfield applications.
Sponsors and aff i l iat ions
James Walker, Baker Oil Tools, Exxon Production Research & Esso, Shell Research, Enterprise Oil, Brittania, BP Research / Inter- national, British Gas, Conoco, DuPont, Ford Motor Company, Norsk Hydro, Statoil, Saga Petroleum, Texaco (North Sea Oil), Offshore Supplies Office - - Department of Trade and Industry UK, Ministry of Defence - Defence Research Agency UK.
Future plans
Back up for James Walker and Co Ltd in promoting BPSCE seal elastomers. Materials choice for
Test faci l i t ies
Over 30 pressure vessels (cells, autoclaves) for various forms of testing seals or seal materials (up to 250°C) and in aggressive gases and liquids. All can be used for explosive decompression testing if required. Examples...
• Development of materials tests and s tandards for polymer usage as seals, including measure- ments of residual seal force during ageing etc.
• Application of seal-life software for accelerating fluid exposure conditions to simulate long-term oilfield conditions in short times.
• Development and unders tanding of explosive decompression,
client's seals applications plus validation testing. Development of materials to withstand new fluid environments for part icular sealing requirements.
Contact: Dr Robert Campion, Materials Engineering and Research Laboratory Ltd, Tamworth Road, Hertford, Herts SG13 7DG, UK. Tel: +44 1992 500120; Fax: +44 1992 586439.
Sealing Technology No. 36 11