john f. kennedy & the new frontier. objective… summarize the significance of the 1960 election
TRANSCRIPT
JOHN F. KENNEDY
&THE NEW FRONTIER
Objective…• Summarize the significance of
the 1960 election..
John Fitzgerald Kennedy
Born May 29,1917
Died
Nov, 22, 1963
JFK: Biography…• Wealthy family• Graduated Harvard 1940• WW II vet - Purple Heart• 1946-52 US House & Senate• 1960 elected U.S. President
The Election of 1960
• The Cold War & economy• RMN: Maturity; experience (VP); anti-
communist; well known• JFK: Youthful; intelligent;
sophisticated; war hero
52) The candidates & issues…
Election obstacles for JFK…• Youth…youngest elected (43)• Catholic• Inexperienced
53) The impact of the televised debates?...
• JFK strengths…- Looking at camera- White shirt- Youthful- Handsome- Confident
• RMN weaknesses…- Looking at audience- Blue shirt- Unshaved- Older looking- Nervous
• Grace, elegance & wit• Inspires hope,
commitment & sacrifice• Beautiful young wife &
young children• TV loved him• Modern-day Camelot
54) What gave the Kennedy Administration its popular appeal
among the nation’s youth?
The 1960 Election
JFK RMNElectoral Vote: 303 219Percentage: 49.7% 49.6%
A difference of 100K votes out of 34M
Closest election of the century
Objective…• Identify and explain the policies of
the New Frontier.• Evaluate the performance of the
Kennedy Administration
Summarize & evaluate the performance of the Kennedy Administration….
- Groups of 3 …Answer the assigned question - Poster + Graphic representation
- Explain/ Describe / Support key points- Issue a letter grade (A,B,C,D, F) &
evaluate the outcome of the program or event …Support your evaluation
The assignment….
Summarizing the Kennedy Administration….
1) What were the overall goals of the New Frontier?
2) Why did Kennedy propose the Peace Corps?
3) How successful was the NF in advancing the status of women?
4) How successful was the NF in advancing the space program?
5) What was Kennedy's position on Vietnam? What contribution did he make to the ongoing conflict.
6) Bay of Pigs: Who? - What? - Where? – When - Why?
7) Cuban Missile Crisis: Who? - What? - Where?- When - Why?
8) How successful was Kennedy in reducing the threat of nuclear war?
55) The agenda of the New Frontier…
• Improve the economy• Manage the Cold War• Anti-poverty• Urban renewal• Health care for elderly people• Aid to education• Raise min. wage• Raise Soc. Sec. / Unemployment • The space program• Advance civil rights
The inauguration of JFK
“Ask not what your country can do for you- ask what you can do for
your country” - JFK
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JLdA1ikkoEc
The New Frontier Success vs. Failure
• Social Security (Modest improvement)• Aid to public schools• Funding mass transit• Medical insurance for retired
Failures
57) Success • Increase min. wage
• Public housing funding• Higher Ed. Act (1963)…• 58b) Pres. Com. on the Status of Women…• 58c) Equal Pay Act (1963)…• 58d) Revenue Act of (1962)…• 58e) Expanded NASA…
56) Why was it difficult for liberal Democrats to achieve the New Frontier agenda?
58a ) The Peace Corps…
• Goals of the Peace Corps.
1) Help people in foreign countries by improving: Education; health; education; & agriculture
2) Promote the understanding of Americans in foreign countries
The Apollo Missions"I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the
goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth."
-JFK 1961 address before Congress
• The program goal was to land a human on the Moon. • Apollo 11 landed the first humans, Neil Armstrong & Edwin
"Buzz" Aldrin on the Moon in July of 1969. • Fulfilled JFK's goal of reaching the Moon before the end of the
decade and before the Soviets. • The greatest accomplishment of our space program.
59) What do the authors of your text view as Kennedy’s greatest domestic
achievement?…
An overall strengthening of the executive branch…
• Direct control & decision making by JFK
• Kennedy’s White House staff made decisions previously reserved for the Cabinet leaders.
Kennedy and the Cold War
Objective…• Trace the continuing events and policies
of the Cold War through the Kennedy Administration.
60) Special Forces/
Green Berets…Motto: “Liberate from
oppression”
"... THE GREEN BERET ...a symbol of excellence, a badge of courage, a mark of distinction in the fight for freedom."
60) The Alliance for Progress
“Therefore I have called on all people of the hemisphere to join in a new Alliance for Progress …a vast cooperative effort, unparalleled in magnitude and nobility of purpose to satisfy the basic needs of the American people for homes, work and land, health and schools” - JFK March 13, 1961
The Alliance for Progress was initiated by President Kennedy to establish economic cooperation
between the U.S. and South America.
Kennedy & Vietnam
• A worsening situation• Approves military aid • Approves 16,000 advisors• NO REGULAR TROOPS• “In the final analysis it is their war” - JFK
61) Kennedy & Vietnam…a. How did Kennedy support the Diem regime…
b. Why did the regime fail to win support…
c. The policy shift in 1963…
d. The Vietcong…
Ngo Dinh Diem President of South Vietnam
• Catholic dictatorship – Oppressive leader• Believed communism was evil • Ruthlessly crushed opponents• Buddhist monks committed suicide
Monks commit suicide in protest…“…He never moved a muscle, never
uttered a sound.”
Kennedy & Vietnam• Diem is an ineffective leader• Nov, 1963 - CIA pays SV generals to carry
out a coup• Diem is murdered
The assassination of Diem
1961 The Cuban Revolution & the Bay of Pigs
62) Why did DDE establish and economic boycott and sever diplomatic relations with Cuban 1960?
Castro &
Khrushchev
DDE & JFK discuss the Bay of Pigs Invasion at Camp
David
63) What was the Bay of Pigs Invasion?…
The Bay of Pigs Invasion April, 1961
The US executes an unsuccessful plot to overthrow Castro…
- Eisenhower plans
- Kennedy approves
- A CIA operation
- 1,189 prisoners & 100 invaders killed
Prisoners taken at the Bay of Pigs
64) Why did the B of P invasion fail?…
The Missile Crisis65) What led to the CMC?… How
was the CMC resolved?…
The U-2 spy plane that photographed the Soviet
missile sites…
Completed missile site
Missile construction site…
Results of the CMC…• Washington/ Moscow hotline…• The U.S. withdraws missiles
from Turkey• Nuclear Test Ban Treaty…
The Soviets build the Berlin Wall to stop people from escaping from East Berlin…
1961: The Berlin Wall
JFK: The Berlin speech
…“Ich bin ein Berliner”… “I am a Berliner”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hH6nQhss4Yc
The Assassination of JFK
The Texas School Book
Depository
Arriving in Dallas
The presidential motorcade
The JFK Assassination Zapruder Film (Digital version)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1q91RZko5Gw
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PfSXkfV_mhA&feature=related
71) Lee Harvey Oswald…
The media announces the death of JFK…http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2K8Q3cqGs7I&feature=related
The assassination of Lee Harvey Oswald
Jack Ruby
Live on television Jack ruby murders lee Harvey Oswald… http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Awy3h5QK7WI&feature=fvst
Swearing in LBJ on Air Force One during the
return trip from Dallas, Texas …
JFK’s funeral march
.
The day JFK was buried it was John-Johns third birthday.
JFK Memorial Video... http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MZsCabQdnhk
The Warren
Commission…
The conclusion reached by the Warren Commission was that Lee Harvey Oswald was working alone. Oswald is said to have fired three shots. The first shot struck President Kennedy in the upper back, passed through his body and then struck Governor John Connally. The second shot is said to have missed its target. The third shot struck the President in the head. The total time for the shots was 4.8 to 5.6 seconds
Was the Commission merely a cover-up? There is controversy over the issue even today.
"THE WINK”
CONGRESSMAN ALBERT THOMAS KNOWINGLY WINKS AT A SMILING LBJ AFTER THE ASSASSINATION
I forgot about the test on Wednesday.
President Kennedy
& Attorney General Robert
Kennedy
Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy: A hard focus on organized crime & the
Teamsters
• Relentless crusade against organized crime & the mafia… 800% increase in organized crime prosecution & convictions
• Relentless pursuit of Teamsters Union President Jimmy Hoffa… I.E. Union corruption under his leadership.