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Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010 1

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Page 1: John Elwell USU Sunrise Session

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

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Page 2: John Elwell USU Sunrise Session

John D. Elwell

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

Mapping the Sky in Infrared Light:

The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE)

National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationJet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of Technology

Page 3: John Elwell USU Sunrise Session

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What has never been seen before:

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Lost & Found: Tycho’s Supernova

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

Appeared in 1572 Visible in daylight Then, it faded

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Creating an Atlas of the SkySunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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WISE Timeline

DIRBE(1990)

WISE(2010)

IRAS(1983)

Hubble

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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WISE Timeline

2000: Scientists began discussing need for a mission to survey the sky infrared light2004: NASA proposed WISE, with SDL as a team member to design and fabricate the science instrument.2006: WISE was selected for mission funding.Dec. 2009: WISE launched.Jan. 2011: mission will terminate.

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Science

WISE

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

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WISE Overview

“Amateur-level” camera: 1 megapixel

BUT, excellent performance with super-low temps: 17 kelvin (vs. 300

kelvin on earth).

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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WISE & Asteroids

WISE has identified 100Ks of main

belt asteroids Hundreds of

near-earth objects

Main Belt Asteroids

Near-Earth Objects

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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WISE & Brown Dwarfs

WISE could locate a cold brown dwarf closer than Alpha Centauri.

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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WISE & the Far-Off Universe

Galaxy Clusters Ultra Luminous Infrared Galaxies

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Why

WISE?

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

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Why All-Sky Surveys?

WISE47 arcminutes2

(about 1.5 times as wide as the moon)6 months to cover sky

SPITZER5.4 arcminutes2

38 years to cover sky

HUBBLE2.5 arcminutes2

177 years to cover sky

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Why Infrared?

Many features of the universe can be seen in infrared light but not visible light.

Visible Light Image

Infrared Light Image

Ned Wright, WISE Principal

Investigator Infra-Ned!

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Why Space?

The earth’s atmosphere is transparent to visible light – we see stars!

But the earth’s atmosphere is opaque to much of the infrared light coming at us from the universe.

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Mission

WISE

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WISE Survey Design

1 Orbit2 Consecutive

Orbits2 Orbits

20 Days Apart

Overlapping Orbits

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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WISE Mission Components

Delta II (ULA)

White Sands Ground Terminal

Engineering Operations

System (JPL)

Science Survey Planning(UCLA)

Science Data Processing

(IPAC)

Cryogenic Telescope

(SDL)

Spacecraft (BATC)

TDRSS

Infrared Science Archive(IPAC)

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Building

WISE

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Inside the WISE Science Payload

Aperture Cover

Hydrogen Tanks

Telescope

Detectors

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Building WISE

WISE Si:As FPMA SN 015_pretest_1403WISE Si:As FPMA SN 015_pretest_1403

One of Four Cameras Telescope

Installed Camera Assembled Instrument

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Testing WISE

Vibration Testing Radio Interference Testing

Acoustics Testing

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Calibrating WISE

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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WISE Ready to Ship

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Into Orbit

WISE

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WISE Flight SystemSunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Mounting WISE on the Delta IISunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Fairing Install

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Launch on Dec. 14, 2009

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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First Light!

WISE

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WISE First Light Image

V482In constellation Carina

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Seeing in Infrared Light

w1 w2 w3 w4

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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WISE First Light Image

V482In constellation Carina

Band 1 only

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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WISE First Light Image

V482In constellation Carina

Band 2 only

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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WISE First Light Image

V482In constellation Carina

Band 3 only

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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WISE First Light Image

V482In constellation Carina

Band 4 only

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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WISE First Light Image

V482In constellation Carina

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

Page 39: John Elwell USU Sunrise Session

Comparisons

WISE

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Visible vs. Infrared

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

Digitized Sky Survey

WISE

Tycho’s Supernova1572

S175 Nebula

King 1 Open Cluster

Young Stellar Objects

vs.

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Old Infrared vs. New Infrared

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

IRAS (1983)

WISE (2010)

vs.

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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In our Solar System

WISE

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Comet Siding Spring

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

C/2007 Q3Discovered in 2007 by Australian astronomers.

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Comet WISE

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

P/2010 B21st comet discovered by WISE2 KM across, 175 M miles away.

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Asteroids

1st WISE asteroid: 2010 AX58.

1st WISE NEO: W006nnn.

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Asteroid Population

150 K asteroids seen.

33,000 of them are new.

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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In our Galaxy

WISE

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Thor’s Helmet

NGC2359Wolf_Rayet star in center of nebula

200 K times more luminous than the sun.

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Visible light photo

Heart and Soul Nebula

Nebulae in the constellation Casseopeia, 6,000 light years from earth

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Visible light photo

Heart and Soul Nebula

WISE infrared photo Nebulae in the

constellation Casseopeia, 6,000 light years from earth

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Star Clusters Near and Far

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

Diameter of the Moon

420 light years from earth

29,000 light years from earth

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Brown Dwarf

Surface temps are colder than a chilly day in Fairbanks, AK.

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Flame in Orion’s Belt

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

3 Nebulae in Orion’s BeltWhen WISE sensitivity decreased, clarity of this view increased.

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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A Dying Star

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

Visible light photo NGC 1514Planetary nebula 800 light years from earth.

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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A Dying Star

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

WISE infrared photo NGC 1514Planetary nebula 800 light years from earth.

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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A View of the Universe

WISE

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Small Magellanic Cloud

NGC 292200 K light years away.

Discovered by Magellan on his 1519 voyage.

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Nearby Galaxies

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

NGC 320

Messier 60

Messier 104Sombrero Galaxy

Messier 51Whirlpool Galaxy

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Hidden Galaxy

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

IC3426-11 M light years away.

Shrouded by the Milky Way in visible light.

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Sculptor Galaxy

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

NGC 25310.5 M light years away.

Infrared show infant stars heating surrounding dust.

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Andromeda Galaxy

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

NGC 2242.5 M light years away.

Closest large galaxy to the Milky Way

Band 1 only

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Andromeda Galaxy

NGC 2242.5 M light years away.

Closest large galaxy to the Milky Way

Bands 3 and 4

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Andromeda Galaxy

NGC 2242.5 M light years away.

Closest large galaxy to the Milky Way

All Bands

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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50+brown dwarfs500+ candidates

106comets observed16 discovered3 reclassified as comets

WISE Stats

1.9 M framesets (7.2 million images)

153 thousandunique solar objects(35,000 discovered)

452near earth

objects119 asteroids

19 potentially hazardous

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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WISE Summary

10-year mission Total Cost: $300 million

SDL payload: $76 million Exemplary Project

On time On budget

Successful Project Met all expectations Provided infrared atlas

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Space Dynamics Laboratory

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

Founded in 1959 Revenues: >$50M/yr 400 employees

30% students

500+ successful missions

200K ft2 state-of-the-art facilities

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Acknowledgments

WISE Scientists Edward Wright, UCLA

WISE Principal Investigator Peter Eisenhardt, JPL

WISE Project Scientist Amy Mainzer, JPL

WISE Deputy Project Scientist Roc Cutri, IPAC (CalTech)

Lead Scientist/ManagerWISE Science Data Center

WISE Management at JPL Bill Irace

WISE Program Manager Fengchuan Liu

WISE Deputy Program Manager Valerie Duval

WISE Payload Contract Manager

SDL’s Major Subcontractors Lockheed-Martin Advanced

Technology CenterCryostat

L3-SSG TinsleyOptical components

DRS TechnologiesFocal Plane Arrays

Special Thanks Pedro Sevilla, SDL

Image and statistics help

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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WISE Photos

Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

Available for downloadwise.ssl.berkeley.edu

Sunrise Session: January 28, 2011

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Sunrise Session: October 29, 2010

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