jesus shared with his twelve apostles and disciples before his

8/14/2019 Jesus Shared With His Twelve Apostles and Disciples Before His

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mentions another cup at the start of the meal), probably ofwine, offered a prayer (a"thanksgiving" in Matthew and Mark, no direct mention in Luke and Paul, who use the adverb"likewise"), gave it to his disciples, and spoke words associating it with his blood. Paul and Lukemention an instruction to "do this in memory of me". And the Eucharist, which "is recorded ascelebrated by the early Christian community at Jerusalem and by St Paul on his visit to Troas",[6]

was held to have been instituted by Christ.[4]

Jesus' action may be linked with Isaiah 53:12,[7]which refers to a blood sacrifice that, asrecounted in Exodus 24:8,[8]Moses offered in order to seal a covenant with God: scholars ofteninterpret the description of Jesus' action as asking his disciples to consider themselves part of asacrifice, where Jesus is the one due to physically undergo it (Brown et al. 626).

Abandonment

As well as the prediction of betrayal, the four canonical gospels recount that Jesus knew theApostles (disciples) wouldfall away. Simon Peterstates that he will not abandon Jesus even ifthe others do, but Jesus tells him that Peter would deny Jesus thrice before the cockhad crowedtwice. Peter is described as continuing to deny it, stating that he would remain true even if itmeant death, and the other apostles are described as stating the same about themselves.

Betrayal

Depiction of Last Supper in the Cathedral ofFreiburg.According to the canonical Gospels,during the meal, Jesus revealed that one ofhis Apostles would betray him and that would beJudas Iscariot. Despite the assertions of each Apostle that it would not be he, Jesus is describedas reiterating that it would be one of those who were present, and goes on to say that there shallbe woe to the man who betrays the Son of Man! It would be better for him if he had not beenborn.[9]It is only in the Gospel of Matthew at Matthew 26:23-26:25[10] and The Gospel of John atJohn 13:26-13:27[11] where Judas is specifically singled out.Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supperpoignantly portrays the individual reactions of the Twelve Apostles to the statement by Jesus,"One of you will betray me."[
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerusalem_in_Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Peterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roosterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freiburghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelve_Apostleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Iscariothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Son_of_Manhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_of_Matthewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gospel_of_Johnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vincihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Last_Supper_(Leonardo)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelve_Apostleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerusalem_in_Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Peterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roosterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freiburghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelve_Apostleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judas_Iscariothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Son_of_Manhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_of_Matthewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gospel_of_Johnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vincihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Last_Supper_(Leonardo)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelve_Apostles


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The Last Supper (1594) byTintoretto.

Sermon

At the meal, according to John, Jesus gave an extended sermon to his disciples.[15]This sermon issometimes referred to as the farewell discourse of Jesus, and has historically been considered a

source of Christian doctrine, particularly on the subject ofChristology. Amongst the canonicalGospels, John is unusual in the complexity of its Christology (which has led to questions aboutits authenticity), and this sermon portrays one of the most complex Christological descriptions inJohn. Although ostensibly an address by Jesus to his disciples, some scholars[citation needed] havetheorized that the chapters were written with events concerning the later church in mind,particularly that of the 2nd century. Jesus is presented as explaining the relationship betweenhimself and his followers, and seeking to model this relationship on his own relationship withGod.

The account in chapters 14-17 of John includes an extended metaphorofJesus as the true vine.God is described as the vine tender, and his disciples are said to be branches, which must "abide"in him if they are to "bear fruit". The disciples are warned that barren branches are pruned by the

vinedresser. This image has been influential in Christian art and iconography. The disciples arereminded of the love of God for Jesus, and of Jesus for the disciples (especially the beloveddisciple), and are then instructed to "love one another" in the same manner. It goes on to speak ofthe "greatest love" as being the willingness to "lay down" life for one's friends, and this passagehas since been widely used to affirm the sacrifice ofmartyrs and soldiers in war, and is thusoften seen on war memorials and graves.

The sermon goes on to talk of Jesus' sending "anotherparaclete" (Greek: ), a"Spirit of Truth" that will "testify about" Jesus.[16]Paraclete comes from the Koine Greek word
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tintorettohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sermonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctrinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authorship_of_Johnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authorship_of_Johnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Vinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beloved_disciplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beloved_disciplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martyrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paracletehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paracletehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tintorettohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sermonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctrinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authorship_of_Johnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authorship_of_Johnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Vinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beloved_disciplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beloved_disciplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martyrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paracletehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraclete


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