jefferson becomes president chapter 8, section 1 pages 266-270

11
Jefferson Becomes President Chapter 8, Section 1 Pages 266-270

Upload: donna-mills

Post on 31-Dec-2015

219 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Jefferson Becomes President Chapter 8, Section 1 Pages 266-270

Jefferson Becomes President

Chapter 8, Section 1

Pages 266-270

Page 2: Jefferson Becomes President Chapter 8, Section 1 Pages 266-270

Building Background

John Adams had not been a popular president

Both Adams and Thomas Jefferson had played major roles in winning independence and shaping the new government.

Political difference sharply divided the two men and their supporters.

The voters in the Election of 1800 were also divided.

Page 3: Jefferson Becomes President Chapter 8, Section 1 Pages 266-270

The Election of 1800

Federalists

John Adams and

Charles C. Pinckney

Democratic-Republicans

Thomas Jefferson and

Aaron Burr

Page 4: Jefferson Becomes President Chapter 8, Section 1 Pages 266-270

The Election of 1800

John AdamsFederalist

Thomas JeffersonDemocratic-Republican

Page 5: Jefferson Becomes President Chapter 8, Section 1 Pages 266-270

The Election of 1800

The Federalists (F) claimed that Jefferson was a pro-French radical. Also argued that Jefferson’s interest in science and philosophy

proved that he wanted to destroy organized religion.

Democratic-Republicans (DR) responded that Adams wanted to crown himself king. Also hinted that Adams would use the new created permanent

army to limit Americans’ rights.

Page 6: Jefferson Becomes President Chapter 8, Section 1 Pages 266-270

Election Results

Jefferson and Burr had won 73 electoral votes each.

Adams had 65 votes.

Pinckney had 64 votes.

The two candidates with the most votes became President and Vice President.

The tie had to be broken by the House of Representatives.

Page 7: Jefferson Becomes President Chapter 8, Section 1 Pages 266-270

Election Results

When the vote was taken in the House the votes were evenly split between Jefferson and Burr.

After days of voting, Jefferson won on the 36th ballot.

This election marked the first time that one political party had replace another in power.

12th Amendment added to the U.S. Constitution – Separate Ballots

Page 8: Jefferson Becomes President Chapter 8, Section 1 Pages 266-270

Jefferson’s Policies

Jefferson’s style and ideas were different from Washington and Adams.

Less Formal

Wanted to Limit the Powers of Government

Page 9: Jefferson Becomes President Chapter 8, Section 1 Pages 266-270

Jefferson in Office

One of Jefferson’s first actions was to select the members of his cabinet.

James Monroe – Secretary of State

Albert Gallatin – Secretary of Treasury

Page 10: Jefferson Becomes President Chapter 8, Section 1 Pages 266-270

Jefferson in Office

Jefferson’s Initial Actions

Urged Congress to allow the Alien and Sedition Actions to expire.

Lowered spending for the military

Reduced the size of the Army and the Navy (7 ships)

Maintained control on the size of government (low).

Kept the National Bank

Page 11: Jefferson Becomes President Chapter 8, Section 1 Pages 266-270

Marbury v. Madison

Major Supreme Court case which defined the concept of Judicial Review

Adams appointed “Midnight Judges.”

James Madison (Sec/State) disregarded appointment letters.

William Marbury sued Madison to get his Federal Bench appointment.

John Marshall – Chief Justice ruled that the Marbury case was not one of the case types that the Supreme Court had the authority to review.