Jamison Fountain

Yonge-Dundas Square in Toronto

Spadina Subway Station in Toronto

Well-lit bus station in Toronto.Light penetrates darkness, eliminating fear.

Built Form: Millennium Park _ Chicago, IL This project was chosen because of its numerous safety features along with its well designed zones that encourage vitality while preventing isolation and violence

Park is kept under constant surveillance from open to close with a form of CCTV and also a patrol of security guards

Numerous attractions are placed in moderately open stretches of hardscape. These well lit spaces are maintained through various manners of illumination that create memorable uses and also define the character of the space

Design produces a space that is never unoccupied with the exception of an imposed notice to vacate the grounds at midnight for closing. These attributes are all accepted principles women affirm makes them feel safer

Easton Town Center – Columbus, Ohio

• Mixed-Use Development

• Maintenance

• Pedestrian Friendly Design

Union Station Parking Garage

The only visible surveillance is in the elevator area and to one rooftop parking area.

Stairs are steep and it is difficult to move up and down quickly.

• Public Sphere• \\\An example of CCTV is shown (right) that is covert and well-positioned• \\\If the space below is dark in the day, how will it be come nightfall?

Built Example

Rupert Station - VancouverRupert Station - Vancouver

Built Example

Indianapolis CanalIndianapolis Canal

Millennium Park, Chicago

Millennium Park, Chicago

Arts & Journalism, Ball State

• Public Sphere• \\\An example of CCTV is shown (right) that is covert and well-positioned• \\\If the space below is dark in the day, how will it be come nightfall?

U.S. Federal Building Oklahoma City, OK

Architect:Ross Barney + Jankowski

Completed: 2004 - $30 million

Perception of Safety in Building Design

122 S Walnut Street, Muncie, Indiana

122 S Walnut Street, Muncie, Indiana

Entry

Parking

Secondary Entry

CCTV

122 S Walnut Street, Muncie, Indiana

Lighting at Night

Built Example:FinzelsReach – Bristol, UK

CitizenshipUpon searching for a project, the concept of a strong sense of community was the driving force. This development, Finzels Reach, really seems to encompass the requirements for a great community. It incorporates work with leisure with home through use of pedestrian walkways, mixed-use buildings, and an overall “neighborhood” feeling. It appears to be a very strong answer to the issue of urban crime and the fear it brings. With an active and involved community crime would more than likely lessen if not vanish. When people are engaged in a community, especially with an option for 24/7 activity, when and where would the need for fear be relevant?

WorldviewA safe, active, and engaging environment can definitely change the impression and views toward society. Once, walking home at night, not only women, but people in general, felt uncertainty and fear in each step. A dark street, or passing by an unused alley can be understandably frightening. The response in this project is small scale changes that work with public spaces. The pedestrian walkways take the place of the dark sidewalk, the small shops and cafes take the place of the unused alley. In turn, the hesitation to submerge oneself into society takes a back seat. The fear is pushed away and more community involvement steps in. With a safer environment, civic and social engagement become much more common and that will begin to further break down social barriers.

Public SphereThis project took a large site (around 6 acres) and brought new life to the area. With the use of historic elements in contrast with contemporary architecture, Finzels Reach symbolizes the concept of mixed-use urban development. The revitalization of this area has resulted in not only a physical change, but it brings with it social stimulation. This node of activity can eventually be linked up with later nodes, connecting the communities with safer, more useful public areas.

Built Example: HafenCity Development– Hamburg, GermanyArchitect: Various Date: 1995 - present

CitizenshipHafenCity is a redevelopment of the old harbor of Hamburg, Germany. It is known as a precedent for mixed-use development. It illustrates itself as a compact city of short journeys. The citizens of this area are empowered by the diverse zoning organizations, allowing many amenities within short distances. Citizens form a strong connection with the use of community activities within an overall safe environment consisting of well lit pathways, an abundance of visual connections, and a city life that lasts throughout the entire day. Overall, the citizens of HafenCity are given the freedom to go where they choose without having to worry about factors of safety within their environment.

WorldviewThe people of HafenCity, given their physical and social environment, maintain a particular world view in relation to communities. Following the development of the harbor, the concept of a safe, livable city was realized. The density and vibrancy professes a concept free of dark alleyways and poorly lit parking lots. It is through this safety that the citizens of HafenCity strive to create a community based on fellowship. Layla Dawson writes, “one of the salient features of this new terrain is its inclusivity: the opportunity it affords the old, unemployed, or those on low incomes, to take part in public life”.

Public SphereThe existing site, originally an unsecure industrial zone consisting of shipping containers and vacant barges, increased in safety after the major redevelopment. This allowed the community the freedom to use the area without feeling in danger. The incorporation of mixed-use zoning allows for people to live and work in the same vicinity, encouraging both men and women to maintain jobs in the area of their residences similar to Caroline Andrew’s suggestion in Resisting Boundaries.

Built Example: Fruitvale Transit Village ProjectCitizenshipThe Fruitvale Transit Village project is a great example of creating and maintaining a citizenship group that is the central focus of community development. The community with the help of the Unity Council was able to unite and object to a civic destructible proposition and instead propose and implement a successful project. The community’s most influential citizen group was that of the Latino population. The Latino residents and the Unity Council, “a community development corporation formed in 1964 by activists who wanted to create a form for working on issues important to Fruitvale’s Latino community” did not only object to an insensitive solution, but instead they proposed a much grander and more sensitive project that would help revitalize the entire area. WorldviewA community’s views and determination to overcome a downward trend and seek to increase civic engagement through proposition for revitalization caught the eye of the government agency known as the Department of Transportation. These views and initiatives were brought in place by the DOT’s interaction, “when the construction of new freeways created opportunities for manufacturers to take advantage of cheap land and labor in suburban areas.” This is a direct example of the implementation of highway systems that counteract the focus of communities and allow for change that is detrimental to the community urban fabric. The DOT realized the mistake through the direct expression of the community and their views. The DOT was “impressed with the Unity Council’s community involvement strategy and ongoing progress” which led them to provide financial support to back the community views for improvement.Public SphereThe integration of a highway system and the future proposal of the multi-leveled parking garage segregated the public sphere and divided the community with no thought to its interests. The public reacted to the new proposal, keeping in mind the highway system past effects, and came together to instead propose a concept and plan to reconnect the community and once again provide the framework for civic engagement. Instead of giving in to political pressure, “the Unity Council continued to engage in intensive community planning efforts for the Fruitvale BART station area.” They approached the opposition by means of education and workshops to provide evidence for the site and its possibilities.

Built Example: Winter Park, OrlandoCitizenshipWinter Park is home to an interesting condition, being that of its citizens. The differentiation of the population throughout the year due to visitors and tourists, could spell trouble for many areas. Winter Park, however, thrives off the revenue and owes its success to the continuation of an original plan that sought to remain walk able instead of spreading out to increase the amount of space for residents. This defiance of the American way has left Winter Park a site of extreme interest and draws continuous amounts of people to it due to the success of its plan. The pedestrian- and bicycle- friendly community proves its capability to be a host to an ever changing citizen class.WorldviewWinter Park’s name is an insight to the view for the community. It has consistently, since its founding, been a place for visitors and citizens to escape winter and instead inhabit a park. The idea of a park is the community’s view of how it should grow. A park is home to much natural wildlife that thrives off the environment for everything they need. The community has kept the idea of a concentrated sector of land that has giving them all that they need. A walk able community puts everyday necessities within reach and easy access. Important sites have become historic in nature and are revered by the community instead of pushed out to separate plots of land. The integration of functionally different elements into one area is what gives the town its significance. Many other towns have the same amenities but are not as successful due to sprawl. Winter Park believes in a compact set up that still can support the necessities of everyday residents and even visitors.Public SphereWinter Park owes itself to its public and civic engagement. The community and its residents pride themselves on the beauty and functionality of their neighborhood. Constant scheduling of events taking place within the public sphere that are not private but instead encourage the public to participate has continually drawn visitors to the area. This concept of an open book community has allowed it to thrive through the years and has kept it ranked among the United State’s most walk able neighborhoods. Walk able neighborhoods are not only based on locations of amenities and necessities of everyday life, but also are neighborhoods that have a common theory of public environment and commonality. The community acts collectively to ensure its future success.