jain hbb keynote - healing beyond borders - healing beyond ... · healing, johrei, external qigong,...
TRANSCRIPT
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Envisioning our Future
Healing: Science and Medicine’s Growing Edge
Healing – a Return to Wholeness
Holism in Medicine “a theory that the universe and especially living nature is correctly seen in terms of interacting wholes (as of living organisms) that are more than the mere sum of elementary particles”. (Merriam-Webster)
Holistic Medicine – the basis of indigenous and systems medicine, (e.g., Ayurveda. Chinese Medicine, Tibetan Medicine, Native Medicine)
Model: Salutogenesis
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Vitalism The Rise of Dualism in Medicine
� Descartes, 17th century – mind-body dualism
� Rise of evidence to support Germ theory – specific organisms that cause disease
� Model: Pathogenesis
� Materialist view
Fallacies of Purely Materialist Models
� All disease caused and influenced by “outside factors” outside our control (germs, genes)
� Healing = curing of disease
� Have not fully accounted for medical phenomena such as: � “Spontaneous remission”
� “Placebo effects”
Perils of Pathogenic Thinking
Costs of Pathogenic Thinking: $920M
toward “medication-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder”
Who’s Right? (or…Can’t we all just Get Along?)
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Can we integrate our thinking?
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Expanding the Biomedical Model
� Biomedical Model reigned supreme from late 19th century onward
� But emerging data began to make us re-question the inter-relation of mind and body � Conditioning (pavlov)
� Conditioned immunosuppression (Ader & Cohen)
Towards a Broader Model of Medicine - PNI Frontier thinking in PNI
"Disciplinary boundaries and the bureaucracies they spawned are biological fictions that can restrict imagination and the transfer and application of technologies…On the contrary, the evidence indicates that relationships between so-called “systems” are as important and, perhaps, more important than relationships within “systems;” that so-called “systems” are critical components of a single, integrated network of homeostatic mechanisms. ”
- Bob Ader, co-founder of PNI
The Biofield
Biofield - interacting and interpenetrating fields of energy and information that regulate the homeodynamic functioning of a
living organism. Copyright Consciousness and Healing Initiative
“WHAT???”
� Those of us in the healing field and science field must come together to help educate our peers and patients!
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What is the Biofield? � Known and measureable
electromagnetic aspects (e.g., EKG, ECG, others)
� Putative subtle, not directly measurable aspects, akin to the descriptions of vital force (e.g., chi, qi, prana). � Used by many practitioners
to stimulate whole-person healing
� Reiki, Healing Touch, Pranic Healing, Johrei, external QiGong, Therapeutic Touch, Laying on of Hands, etc
� Acupuncture � Meditation, Yoga, Tai-Chi
How can we understand the Biofield?
� Not yet ready for Biofield; for now… biofields
� Multi-level: biophotons/molecules/cells/organisms
� An under appreciated and under-researched means to transmit/share biological information
What is the Biofield? Part 1: “VERITABLE”
� Known and easily measureable electromagnetic aspects of the biofield that give information on our health status (e.g., EKG, EEG, others)
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“Electroceuticals” Bioelectromagnetic Medicine Cognitive Enhancement
Traumatic Brain Injury
Autoimmune inflammation
Neuronal Pain
Migraine
Neurodegeneration
Mild Cognitive Decline
Stroke
Anxiety
Insomnia
Depression
General Inflammation
PEMF
tDCS
POEMS
rTMS
tACS
LLLT
TUS
TNS
ELF-EMF
tPEMF: targeted pulsed electromagnetic field; tDCS: transcranial direct current stimulation; POEMS: pulsed oscillating electromagnetic stimulation; LLLT: low level laser therapy; tACS: transcranial alternating current stimulation; rTMS: repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation; TUS: transcranial ultrasound; TNS: Trigeminal nerve stimulation; ELF-EMF: extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields.
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Plug & Play? What’s Missing??
What is the Biofield? Part 2: “Putative”
� Subtle, not directly
measurable aspects, akin to the descriptions of vital force (e.g., chi, qi, prana). � Used by many
practitioners to stimulate whole-person healing
� BIOFIELD THERAPIES: Healing Touch, Therapeutic Touch, Reiki, Johrei, Pranic Healing, Laying-on-of-hands, Hands-on-healing, External qi –gong
� Other forms of Integrative Medicine: e.g., Acupuncture, Yoga, Meditation, Massage
Are Biofield Therapies Effective? (Systematic Review Results)
*Strong evidence for decreased pain intensity in outpatients *Moderate evidence for decreased pain intensity in hospitalized and
cancer patients *Moderate evidence for behavioral symptoms of dementia +Non-Touch Biofield Therapies also show positive effects
*Jain S, Mills P. (2010). Biofield Therapies: Helpful or full of hype? A best- evidence synthesis. Intern J Behavioral Med;17(1):1-16. +Hammerschlag et al. (2014). Nontouch Biofield Therapy: A Systematic Review of Human Randomized Controlled Trials reporting use of only non-physical contact treatment. J Alt Comp Med, 20 (12); 881-892
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SEE the Data (www.CHI.is)
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What can we learn from Current Clinical Studies of Biofield Therapies?
• Active duty military face significant challenges both while in theater and after duty
• Multiple facets of negative experiences, both intra- and inter-personal
Healing Touch+Guided Imagery for PTSD
• RCT examining Combination of Healing Touch with Guided Imagery (vs. control group) in 112 Active Duty Military with previous exposure to Combat and PTSD symptoms
• 6 sessions of HT+GI over 3 weeks
• Conducted at Camp Pendleton, CA by Scripps Center for Integrative Medicine (PIs: Guarneri and King)
• Primary outcome: PTSD symptoms (PCL-M)
• Secondary Outcomes: Quality of Life (SF-36), Depression (BDI), Hostility (Cook-Medley HI)
HT+GI Effects on PTSD symptoms
� Cohen’s d = .85
Jain et al., 2012, Military Medicine
Group x Time for Depression
� Cohen’s d = .70
Jain et al., 2012, Military Medicine
Group x Time for Mental QOL
� Cohen’s d = .58
Jain et al., 2012, Military Medicine
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Group x Time for Cynicism
� Cohen’s d = .49
Jain et al., 2012, Military Medicine 30
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Pre-Intervention Post-Intervention
SF B
odily
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(p=0.02, Cohen’s d = .42)
HT + GI TAU
Group x Time for Bodily Pain (unpublished)
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Effects of Intervention on NK Cell Activity
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HTRelaxUsual Care
p=0.002
Lutgendorf et al., Brain Behav Immun 2010
Within group changes over time: HT p=0.52 RT p=0.002 UC p< 0.001
Group X time interaction p=0.018
Effects of Interventions on Depression (CES-D Total)
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Within group changes over time: Decrease in HT p=0.03 Decrease in RT over time: N.S. Decrease in Usual Care N.S.
Group X time Interaction p =0.09 Copyright Consciousness and Healing Initiative
WHAT ABOUT PLACEBO?
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TheProblem:Cancer-RelatedFa5gue
• Oneofthemostcommoncomplaintsamongbreastcancerpa:entsandsurvivors– Cancer-RelatedFa:gue(CRF)remainsapersistentproblemforover1/3ofbreastcancersurvivors,even10+yearsaLertreatment1,2
• NotaclearunderstandingofwhatcausesCRF,norhowbesttotreatit
1 Lindley et al., 1998; 2 Bower et al., 2007
HealingforSurvivorsRCT• 76Fa:guedSurvivorsRandomizedto3groups:Biofield,Mock,orControl
• One-monthinterven:on– 8sessions(twoperweek)– Sessionlength=1hour
• OUTCOMES:Fa:gue,QOL,cor:solvariability
• Placeboelementsmeasuredthroughoutstudy:• Belief,connec:onwprac::oner
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Clinically Significant Effects on Fatigue
– Healinggroupsigdiffromctrl(p<.0005,Cohen’sd=1.04)
– Mockgroupsigdiffromctrl(p=.02,Cohen’sd=.68)
– BiofieldsignificantlygreaterthanmockinGeneralFa5guesubscale
Jain et al., 2012, Cancer
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MFSI-sfT
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H eal ing G roup(n =2 7)
Moc kG roup(n =3 0)
Co ntrol G roup(n =1 9)
v5/Mi d-poi ntPre- in terven ti on v7v3 Post - intervent i on
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Cor:solResults
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Cor:solSlope(Variability)Results– Healinggroupshowedmorenega:veslopes(i.e.,morevariability)over:me,comparedtobothmockandcontrol(G11=-.02,p<.04inbothcases);beliefdidnotpredictoutcomes
Biofieldhealinguniquelyincreasedcor5solvariabilitycomparedtomockhealingandnotreatment,andwasnotexplainedbyplaceboelementsCopyright Consciousness and Healing Initiative
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WHAT ABOUT MECHANISM?
Reiki decreases stress-induced microvascular damage in animals (Baldwin & Schwartz, 2006)*
*J Altern Complement Med 2006;12(1):15-22 Copyright Consciousness and Healing Initiative
Cell culture and animal studies with Therapeutic Touch (TT) vs. Mock TT (Gloria Gronowicz, Professor, U Conn)
� TT stimulates the proliferation of normal human cells from bone, tendon and skin Gronowicz, G, et al. 2008. J Alternative Complementary Med 14(3):233-239
� TT treatment significantly increased proliferation of primary human osteoblasts (HOBs) but had no effect on an osteosarcoma-derived cell line (SaOs) Jhaveri A, et al , 2008, J Orthop Res 26:1541
� TT reduces metastasis and immune factors related to metastasis in mouse cancer model Gronowicz, G, et al. 2015. Evidence Based Complementary Med http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/926565
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Current Criticisms
“Publication of this TT trial encourages more pseudoscientific studies of energy fields or auras and gives the wrong message to clinicians and patients.”
- Coyne et al., Letter to Editor, Cancer “Dr. David Gorski: ‘Energy chelation is ‘magic, faith healing,’ he wrote in an email. ‘The whole thing, from a scientific standpoint, is laughable.’” - Trine Tsoderous, Chicago Tribune
Fallacy in recent criticism
� Criticisms are not based on: � actual study quality or
methodology � Benefit to harms ratio � Outcomes of clinical
importance but rather based on critics’ non-belief in idea of “biofield”!
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CHI: The Power of Integrating Networks to forward the Science and Practice of
Healing
Biofield Science and Healing
Transdisciplinary Meeting � Healers
� Physicists
� PNI/PNE
� MDs
� Anthropologists
� Engineers
� Neuroscientists
Biofield Science and Healing Special Issue
(access for free at www.CHI.is) � Biofield Science and Healing (November 2015, GAHM)
� Terms and Concepts
� Indo-Tibetan Perspectives � Physics Perspectives
� Preclinical Studies � Distant Healing Intention � Clinical Studies
� Devices � Practitioner Perspectives � Sociological Perspectives
� Healthcare Perspectives
Where Do We Go Now?
Science is moving toward Holism Medicine is Learning about
our Inter-Being
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Future Part 1- Biofield-related Human Capacity
� “I Don’t End Here” – Utilizing biofield science research to expand our view of ourselves as healers
� E.g., Examine physiological synchrony in group meditations
� Relate synchrony to relevant meditation-directed alteration of social outcomes (e.g., crime reductions, cease-fire)
� Examine inter-being biofield-based communications (e.g., electrophysiology, biophotonic emissions) and their relevance in healing and information transfer � Plant-plant and plant-human
communication � Animal-animal and animal-human
communication
(R)Evolutions in Health Technology
Future Part 2: Biofield Based Transformational Technology
� Biofield-Based Transformative Technology Utilizing wisdom of healers to help establish 21st century medicine � Give Healers Voice and have them help
guide research � Healer-scientist meetings
� EXPLORE effects of Healers on well-understood biological systems � E.g., Healer effects on EMF-sensitive systems
(e.g., stem cell gene expression)
� Multi-disciplinary research and technology teams to develop biofield-based devices and protocols for diagnosis and treatment
� Pair healers, scientists, engineers, healthcare practitioners
� Exploratory research to guide prototype development
� Prototype to market
Why does this work Matter? � Expands our understanding of the
influence of consciousness on mental, emotional and physical systems- and thereby uncovers mechanisms of salutogenesis
� Requires deeper transdisciplinary collaboration among bioelectromagnetics, PNI, neuroscience, integrative medicine
� Provides a deeper, more integrative framework (beyond current materialist model) for understanding a variety of holistic approaches � Energy Psychology � Acupuncture � Meditation � Yoga � Qigong � Biofield therapies
Um…so…WHY does this work Matter??? Creating a new Alchemy of Healing