italian renaissance art
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Renaissance Art
Italian Renaissance
Italian Renaissance
Giotto: transitional guy
The Early Renaissance: Masaccio, Donatello, della Francesca, Ghiberti, Mantegna, and Brunelleschi
The High Renaissance: Botticelli,
da Vinci, Raphael, Michelangelo, Titian
The Early Renaissance 1400-1450
The primary focus of the painters of the Early Renaissance was the imitation of nature and the creation of a believable three-dimensional reality on flat surface of a painting. The Early Renaissance in visual art encompasses the first half of the 15th century, and in Italy, Florentine artists took leadership in the development of a new style of painting focusing on illusion.
InnovationsFrescoes- art created on damp plaster
Oil paints(a technique from the north)
Realistic portrayal of human nature
InnovationsChiaroscuro- use of shadows to show balance of light and dark
Science-particularly in anatomy
Linear perspective- allowed artist to represent objects in relative sizes
Giotto (1267 - 1337)Giotto is considered to be the most influential artist on Renaissance painting.Father of the RenaissanceGiotto’s dignified figures seemed to displace space, to stand upon the ground with real substance and weight. The figures seem to extend both backward, into the picture, and forward, toward the spectator’s space.
The Scrovegni Chapel, Padua
Sermon to the Birds,St Francis
IlluminatedManuscriptImage,c 1270,Ghent, Belgium
Legend of St Francis:Sermon to the Birds, 1297-99
Baptism of Christ1304-06
Filippo Brunelleschi(1337-1446)
Florentine architect and engineer
First to carry out a series of optical experiments that led to a mathematical theory of perspective.
His method of perspective had a dramatic impact on the depiction of 3-dimensional space in the arts
Dome of the Cathedral1420-36-Duomo, Florence
One point linear perspectivePierro della Francesca “View of an Ideal City”
Masaccio(1401-1428)
One of first artists to apply the new method of linear perspective in his fresco of the Holy Trinity
Used a barrel vaulted ceiling to imitate with precision the true appearance of architectural space
Figures depict accurate human anatomy
Holy Trinity1425-28Fresco, 667 x 317 cm
Tribute Money1420's
Donatello(1386-1466)
New sense of naturalism in sculpture
Use of classical contrapposto stance (relaxed not rigid)
Statue of David considered first full scale nude since ancient times
David, 1425-1430
St Mary Magdalenc. 1457Wood, height: 188 cmMuseo dell'Opera del Duomo, Florence
Andrea Mantegna(1430-1506)
Created unusual vantage points Looking at figures from belowLamentation of the Dead Christ the viewer is looking from the feet of the subject.Deep foreshorteningEffectively placed the viewer at the scene, adding to the sense of empathy
The Lamentation over the Dead Christ c. 1490Tempera on canvas, 68 x 81 cmPinacoteca di Brera, Milan
Sandra Botticelli(1445-1510)
First artist to paint a full-length female nudeIn Birth of Venus the figure occupies the center of the work which was traditionally reserved for the Virgin. This work is possibly the most pagan image of the entire Renaissance.
The Birth of Venusc. 1485Tempera on canvas, 172.5 x 278.5 cmGalleria degli Uffizi, Florence
The Adoration of the Magi (detail)c. 1475Tempera on panelGalleria degli Uffizi, Florence
The detail shows the assumed self-portrait of the artist.
Lorenzo Ghiberti(1378-1455)
Sacrifice of Isaac1401Bronze reliefMuseo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence
Lorenzo Ghiberti(1378-1455)
Leonardo da Vinci,1452 - 1519
"Renaissance Man"
A polymath
"There are three classes of people. Those who see; those who see when they are shown; those who do not see."
Which was Leonardo?
Virgin of the Rocks1483-86Oil on panel, 199 x 122 cmMusée du Louvre, Paris
Vitruvian Man1492Pen, ink, watercolor and metalpoint on paper, 343 x 245 mmGallerie dell'Accademia, Venice
Anatomical studies of the shoulder1510-11Black chalk, pen and ink on paper, 289 x 199 mmRoyal Library, Windsor
The Last Supper (with names of Apostles labelled)after cleaning1498Tempera on plaster460 x 880 cm (15 x 29 ft.)Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie (Refectory), Milan
Lady with an Ermine1483-1490Oil on wood53.4 x 39.3 cm (21 x 15 1/2 in.)Czartoryski Museum, Cracow
Michelangelo Buonarroti1475 - 1564
Always thought himself a sculptor, not a painter
A contender for Renaissance Man
Conducted a battle of wills with Pope Julius II
IgnudoFrescoCappella Sistina, Vatican
David1504Marble, height 434 cmGalleria dell'Accademia, Florence
Pietà1499Marble, height 174 cm, width at the base 195 cmBasilica di San Pietro, Vatican
Pietàc. 1550Marble, height: 226 cmMuseo dell'Opera del Duomo, Florence
Model for the dome1560 WoodMusei Vaticani, Rome
Dome of St Peter's1564-Basilica di San Pietro, Vatican
Pope Benedict XVI,Easter Mass 2007
Last Judgment1537-41Fresco, 1370 x 1220 cmCappella Sistina, Vatican
The Last Judgment
Detail
Michelangelo’sSelf Portrait
Raphael Sanzio1483 - 1520 At 17 sent to Perugia, dead by age
37
Perugian, Florentine, & Roman periods – Roman most famous
"The young painter from Urbino thus adopted the artistic innovations of his elder colleagues, in particular those of Leonardo and Michelangelo, and synthesized them with his own aims." - Toman
Raphael's TombPantheon, Rome
Raphael
Portrait of Julius II1511-12Oil on wood, 108 x 80,7 cmNational Gallery, London
…a portrait "so animated and true to life that it was frightening to behold, as though it were actually alive" (Vasari).
The School of Athens1510-11FrescoVatican, Stanza della Segnatura
Titian1485 - 1576
Greatest of the Venetian School
Most versatile: portrait, landscape, mythological, & religious paintings
Manner & styles changed drastically throughout long life, but consistent interest in use of color
Assumption of the Virgin1516-18Oil on wood, 690 x 360 cm
Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, Venice
Bacchus and Ariadne1520-22Oil on canvas, 175 x 190 cm - National Gallery, London
Portrait of Philip II in Armour1550-51
Oil on canvas, 193 x 111 cmMuseo del Prado, Madrid