ISLAMIC SULTANATES (1206-1596)

Presented By:Devashree Mansukh

FYBMS.DIV ‘A’ 51

Introduction• After the Arab-Turkic invasion of

India's ancient northern neighbor Persia, expanding forces in that area. They Were keen to invade India, which was the richest classical civilization, with the only known diamond mines in the world.

• Islamic empires invaded and spread across the northern subcontinent over a period of a few centuries.

• Muslim trading communities flourished throughout coastal South India, particularly in Kerala, where they arrived in small numbers through trade links.

Growing International Trade• The rise of the

Islamic civilization contributed to the progress of economic development and economic theory.

• During this time India had flourishing international trade

• And at that time,india was the only known country for diamond mines in the world.

Muslim Trading

• During this period, Islamic empires of Muslims got established and spread across the northern continent over the period of few centuries.

• Muslim trading communities had flourished throughout the coastal South India, mainly in Kerala .

• They had arrived Kerala in small numbers from the Arabian peninsula through the trade links via the Indian ocean.

• Later, the bahamani Sultanate and Deccan Sultanate flourished in the south.

Mohammedan period

• Early mohammedan period from 11th century saw a disturbed India.• This had

unfavorable effect on India's foreign trade.

Islamic Banking

• Organized banking system started during this period• The bankers understood and followed the changes of

money value, they kept account books, day books, and ledgers by single and double entry.

• They charged simple and compound interest, they made insurance by sea and land, they granted Hundis.

• They followed the practices of modern time, which are almost like the olden rules

• Records also show that some big indigenous bankers even gave loans to government of that time.

• The Indian indigenous bankers used hundis for financing the country’s trade and also foreign trade of India

Islamic Economy• During the Sultanate period, the economies of town

flourished .• This was due to the establishment of a proper currency

system based on silver taka and copper dirham .• Big markets were opened in gangtic plains, Malwa,

Gujarat and southern India.• The important centers of trade and industry where

Delhi, Lahore, Bombay, Ahmadabad, Sonargaon and Juanpur .

• Coastal towns also developed into growing industrial centers with large population.

Internal Trade Flourished

• Internal trade flourished due to organized system set up by the government .• The sultan of 14th century Sultan Allaudin Khillji used to strictly supervise the market places.• Shopkeepers, who were caught breaking the rules were punished.

Foreign trade flourished during middle sultanate

period• India’s exports far exceeded its exports than imports

both in the number of quality and volume.• The main articles of import were horses from Kabul

and Arabia, dry fruits and precious stones.• During this period articles of everyday use as well

luxury use were exported.• The articles of exports were silks, gold embroidered

silk caps, finely designed clay pot sand pans , guns, knives and scissors.

• Other main items of export were sugar, indigo,oils ivory, sandalwood, spices, diamonds and other precious gems and coconuts.

Shipping Trade of Islamic Sultanate

• During the 15th and 16th centuries India enjoyed a great shipping trade with different countries.

• Vijaynagar, was the most richest and the extensive state during the 15th and 16th centuries.

• It enjoyed a large trade with different countries such as Persia ,Arabia, Africa, he Malayan Archipelago, Burma, China and a number of islands in Indian ocean.

• The building industry also started to grow in the coastal towns.

• After the Islamic Sultanates, came the Mughal empire in which major developments took place in Indian business environment

Conclusion• Muslim individuals and families live around the world in many different

countries but practice their faith in similar ways.• Cultural variations such as type of dress and rituals for weddings may

vary, but fundamentally Muslims are governed by the same principles found in the Qur'an.

• Of note is the fact that in the year 2000, the number of Muslims surpassed the number of Christians in the world.

• This may mean that Islam will be more visible in years to come in Western cultures.

• Insights and information about religions and practices can be a helpful way to facilitate more visibility and understanding.

Thank You!