islamic microfinance challanges and oppurtunies
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International Conference onIslamic Microfinance
CENTER OF ISLAMIC BANKING & ECNOMICS
By :
ISLAMIC MICROFINANCECHALEENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
ISLAMIC FINANCE & MICRO FINANCEIslamic economic goals of;• equality, fairness, social solidarity through
risk sharing, property rights, and the sanctity of contracts; entrepreneurship, partnership, income generation through productive activity for poverty alleviation are consistent with elements of Micro Finance.
• A successful marriage of both in Islamic Microfinance should reinforce each other.
DISCONTENTS OF IF & MF IN PRACTICE• Islamic financial services industry has
shown little interest in MF and poverty alleviation aiming for Shariah compliance in form not in spirit.
• Conventional MF industry has shown inadequate interest in religious and cultural sensitivities; also largely excludes the poorest of the poor.
• Islamic MF for enhancing financial inclusion
ISLAMIC MICRO FINANCE EXPERIMENTS
• MENA: Sanadiq at Jabal al-Hoss, SYRIA• Mu’assasat Bayt Al-Mal in LEBANON• Hodeidah Program in YEMEN • IBBL, SIBL in BANGLADESH• Akhuwat in PAKISTAN• Manara in INDIA• FINCA in AFGHANISTAN• Amana Ikhtiar in MALAYSIA• BPRS, BMTs in INDONESIA• Azaouad Finance in NORTHERN MALI
Issues of Islamic Microfinance– Sustainability
– Most of the programs are not sustainable in Pakistan– Overall Operational and Financial Sustainability
records at 89% and 74%, respectively. – High interest rates eats up sustainability of clients
– Transparency– Flat interest rates, un-explained fees, hidden charges
– High Cost Debt Economy than Real Economy– Separates finance from real economy– Absence of cooperation when client loses
– Exclusion – Self-exclusion due to prohibition of interest– Poorest of the poor and Women in gender
segregated societies
Role of Islamic Microfinance– Developing social capital among clients and
MFI, instead of clients only – Meeting Demand For Islamic Microfinance– Promoting Entrepreneurship
• Debt not allowed in Islam as usual practice• Asset creation and entrepreneurship is
promoted – Transparency and Sanctity of Contracts
• Islamic values prevent violation of contract and require disclosure of full knowledge relating to financial transaction
– Regarding MFIs– Limited number of IMFIs (i.e. 4 – 6) – Limited resource base of IMFI– Ineligibility of collecting savings– Product concentration in Murabaha – Capacity building of MFI– Sharia advisory
– Regarding Islamic banks– Perception about microfinance as high risk area– Informal sector environment– Absence in rural areas– Absence of credit guarantee scheme
Issues for Islamic Microfinance
– Corporate Social Responsibility: Fard al Kafaya– Business case: Profits and high rate of recovery– Limitations: Informal sector/regulatory implications,
absence in rural areas– Possible Course of Action:
– Phase – I: » Linkage with MFIs [Mudaraba or Musharaka]
– Urban Operation through Islamic MF Division or Cell– Phase – II » Linkage continues» Extension of branches in rural areas
Recommendations
Thank You
CENTER OF ISLAMIC BANKING & ECNOMICS
Head Office: 192- Ahmad Block, New Garden Town , Lahore, Pakistan Ph: +92-42-35913096-8, 35858990, 38407850 Fax: +92 -42-35913056E-mail : [email protected]: http://www.alhudacibe.com