• Circle the items that you believe are matter:– Table

– Air

– Glass

– Sound

– Light

– Sand• Write your own definition of what matter is.

Is It Matter?

• Circle the items that you believe are matter:– Table

– Air

– Glass

– Sound

– Light

– Sand• Now lets fix that definition…

Is It Matter?

• Anything that has mass and take up space!• Properties of matter can be used to classify

it…we will discuss these tomorrow!

Matter:

Unit 1

The Nature of Matter2011

• Help to identify a substance• Are readily observable• Color, hardness, density, boiling point, change

of state etc.

Physical Properties

Physical Properties Continued

• Thermal Conductivity: the rate at which a substance transfers heat– Good conductor: metal– Poor conductor: Styrofoam

• State: the physical form in which a substance exists. (solid, liquid, gas or plasma)

• Solubility: the ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance. (ex. Flavored drink mix in water)

Physical Properties Continued

• Ductility: the ability of a substance to be pulled into a wire

• Malleability: the ability of a substance to be rolled or pounded into thin sheets

• Cause changes to physical properties• Physical properties will change but the

substance or type of matter will remain the SAME!

• DO NOT result in the formation of a new substance

Physical Change

• If you melt a block of ice, you still have H2O in the end.

• If you break a bottle you still have glass.• Painting a piece of wood will not make it not

be wood.• Melting, freezing, breaking, condensing,

crushing, cutting and bending

Examples of Physical Change

• Describe matters ability to change into new matter.

• Can only be observed if the type of matter is changed

• Characteristic Property: A property that is always the same no matter the size of the sample. These can be used to identify and classify a substance.– Examples: density and magnetism

Chemical Properties

• Flammability: – will the object burn?

• Reactivity– Will to substances react to form a new substance?

Chemical Property Examples

• We can observe physical properties without changing the substance. We cannot observe a chemical property without changing the matter involved.

Difference between physical and chemical properties?

• A change that matter undergoes when it turns into a NEW substance – elements of the original substance are broken apart and rearranged to form a NEW substance

• Chemical Changes ALWAYS result in the formation of a NEW substance with different properties than the original substance(s).

• Chemical Changes are difficult to reverse (think of trying to unbake a cake)

Chemical Change

• Burning a log causes a chemical reaction that releases carbon dioxide

• Placing an alka-seltza in water releases carbon dioxide bubbles

• Exposing some metals to water and oxygen causes the formation of rust

• Other processes that include chemical reaction:

• Digestion• Respiration• Photosynthesis• Decomposition

Common Examples of Chemical Change:

• Change in color • Change in odor• Production of heat• Fizzing• Foaming• Sound or light being given off

Signs that a chemical change has occurred:

• A bike is left out in the rain and begins to rust• A match burns, leaving only a charred stick of

wood• A copper wire is cut into 5 pieces• Flammability • An ice cube melts• Solubility• Gasoline burns in a running car

Physical or Chemical?Property or Change?

• Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius• A silver tea set tarnishes over time• A water molecule gains enough energy to enter the vapor

phase• Lemonade powder is soluble in water• Food coloring is added to cake icing to make it pink• Alka seltzer is put into water and bubbles form• NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O

Physical or Chemical?Property or Change?