iptv introduction

1

IPTV Product TrainingIPTV Product Training

Multimedia product support Dep.

Contents

Chapter1： Background & Definition

Chapter2 ： IPTV Related Technologies

Chapter3 ： IPTV Bearer Network Technology

Chapter4 ： Successful Application Case

2

Chapter1：IPTV Background & Definition

1.1 Industrial Background;

1.2 What is IPTV？

1.3 IPTV services

Challenge Chance for Telecom Operators

1.1 Industrial Background

Evolution of New operation technologies

Declining Voice & Data Revenues

Convergence of Telecom, Internet, Media and Entertainment

Growing broadband network

Pipe operator or Service Provider, this is a Pipe operator or Service Provider, this is a question

3

IPTV is a Suitable Cut-in Point


Broadband Service enables new service opportunities

Video Services are dominating

Broadband users desires higher QoE on video services

Network operators transfer themselves to a broadband services provider

New Revenue Streams with Minimal Investment

IPTV Promise: “Schedule-free TV, on your terms”


Traditional TV

Push - Linear

Cable or Satellite

National & Regional

L ti ifi i

IPTV

Pull -On-demand

New Competitors

Personal, Social

Any content to any device Location-specific services

Time restriction

Triple-play

Traditional TV business models

TSTV and TVoD, Killer application

Enables Multiple-play

Enables new business models

4

Global IPTV Subscribers--2008-2012


25

50

75

100

al IP

TV

Su

bsc

rib

ers

MR

G, I

nc.

200

8M

illi

on

s

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total 24,006,800 37,363,500 52,016,700 70,891,077 92,800,066

ROW 647,500 1,171,000 1,790,000 2,769,056 3,753,915

North America 4,570,000 6,772,000 9,585,000 13,065,475 17,343,082

Europe 10,728,400 16,008,100 21,537,600 28,310,805 36,285,865

Asia 8,060,900 13,412,400 19,104,100 26,745,741 35,417,204

0

Glo

ba ©

IPTV is happening


10.7 Millions

8.4 Millions

4.9 Millions

24 Million subscribers at the end of 2008

5

Evolution of China IPTV


Breaking ice

2005 2006 2007 20082004 2005

Sprout Frustration Progress Turning to better

• Globally, IPTV service is evolved from experimental stage to

• Issue the first IPTV license

• IPTV commercial services are started by the most of the

• The size of China IPTV subscribers increased greatly

• After years of development, there is a large amount of IPTVexperimental stage to

commercial use stage. And at the end of the year, PCCW has 480,000 IPTV subscribers

• There are over 10 million broad band user in China and IPTV goes to experimental stage

• Commercial trial in Harbin and Shanghai

by the most of the main operators in Europe

• Only three IPTV licenses issued in China

•IPTV service was banned by regional administrations in different areas

increased greatly, over 800,000 users

• The regional administrations request that IPTV service shouldn't be banned by SARFT. And there is fast development in digital TV switching

large amount of IPTV subscribers

•The 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing provides opportunities for IPTV

•Telecom operators reformation, a new pattern formed

.

Development of China Telecom IPTV Users


China Telecom is one of the most important operators of China IPTV. It

develops 1.3 million IPTV users in 2008. Affected by the mature of AVS, the

changes of high-ranking leader and the reformation of telecom

operators, China Unicom (original China Netcom) developed slowly on IPTV

service.

6

Construction of FTTx Based on EPON Guarantees Bandwidth


Bandwidth China Telecom

Deployed more than 10 million EPON user ports in 2008: Most ports are FTTB and a

few portion of FTTH ports , providing 8M and 20M typical bandwidth options

In 2009, China Telecom will go further in broadband-accelerating strategy and related

constructions based on EPON

China Unicom China Unicom

In 2008, China Unicom only applies a small scale of EPON

In 2009, China Unicom starts the "Broadband-accelerating" strategy based on EPON.

In June, it purchases 11 million EPON lines totally.

Construction mode and service capability are consistent with China Telecom.

Wireless Broadband Pushes forward IPTV Service


January 2009, China releases 3G license. March~June, China

Telecom, China Unicom and China Mobile Communications Corporation

start 3G commercial application. The competition for the wireless service

will become the key point between the three main operators.

Based on IPTV platform, China Telecom will provide mobile handset video

services through 3G wireless broadbandservices through 3G wireless broadband.

The three-screens-in-one (PC screen, TV screen and mobile handset

screen in one screen) service will become the most popular operation

mode among China operators.

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Definition:

IPTV简介

1.2 IPTV Introduction

IPTV: Internet Protocol Television , is a new

service which intergrates multimedia and

communication technologies using broadband

network to provide home users with various

interactive services including digital TV;

1.2 IPTV Solution

STB + TV

IPTV简介

Contents source

IPTV system

……Transmission network ：InternetTerminal：STB+TV、mobile phone、pc Access mode ：ADSL、LAN、wireless、FTTHTypical service ：Live TV、VOD 、TSTV、TVOD，Games …..

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1.3 IPTV Structure

Classification of TV Services

1.3 IPTV Service

Live TV

Full Triple Play Offer

100+ Live Channels

Standard Bouquet:

63 Channels, 5 HD

30 i TSTV

24/24 VoD Films

TV program

Pay per view

Subscription VoD

HD content

48 h TVOD30 mins TSTV 48 hours TVOD

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Categories of IPTV License

1.3 IPTV Service

IPTV nationwide license

Shanghai Media Group (SMG)

China Central Television International (CCTV)

Southern Media Corporation (SMC)

China Radio International (CRI)

IPTV i l li IPTV regional license

Zhejiang Radio and Television Group (ZRTG)--within Zhejiang province only

IPTV industry license

Huaxia Network (education contents are allowed to be broadcasted on TV

set terminals)

Operation Status of License Holders

1.3 IPTV Service

Shanghai Media Group (SMG) Shanghai Media Group (SMG) The first commercial application case: Harbin Netcom The largest commercial application case: Shanghai Telecom Service region: Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Hubei, Liaoning,

etc.

China Central Television International (CCTV) Rich of channel content resources: solely owned resources CCTV3/5/6/8 not

shared to other license holders To the end of 2008, no great improvement on IPTV service trials Cooperated with Jiangsu Telecom, Inner Mongolia Netcom, Beijing Netcom and

Jilin Netcom while no improvement due to the factors of policy and internal causes

Southern Media Corporation (SMC) Stress the cooperation with broadcasters on the interactive TV service; No

progress on IPTV service

China Radio International (CRI) Make a trial on IPTV service with the cooperation of Hunan Telecom

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Chapter2 IPTV Related Technologies

2.1 Digital TV Technology

2.2 IPTV Video Encoding/Decoding Technology;

2.3 IPTV Streaming Media Technology ；

2.4 IPTV CDN/VDN Technology；

IPTV ArchitectureIPTV Architecture


DTV source

DTV Technology

Encoder

Headend

Service Operation PlatformCDN central node

IP Networks

CA\DRM

CDN edge nodeCDN edge node

Access network Access networkSTB

STB

STB

CDN edge node

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Digital TV Technology


Definition

Digital Television (DTV) technology is a new generation television technology that

adopts digital encoding and transporting technologies for the collecting, recording,

broadcasting, transmitting and receiving of the TV programs. It includes three parts:

information source (transmitting end), information channel (transporting/storing) and

information destination (receiving end).

DTV Categories

According to the bit rate of the moving picture, DTV is categorized into Standard

Definition Television (SDTV) and High Definition Television (HDTV). SDTV and HDTV will

coexist for quite a long period to satisfy different customer’s demands.

DTV's advantages


Compared with analog TV, DTV has following advantages:

High-resolution TV image: comparable with DVD (lowest: 1280x720,

highest: 1920x1080)

High quality acoustics

Rich of programs high usage rate of wired network Rich of programs, high usage rate of wired network

High anti-interference ability, stable image

Extended functions: surfing Internet, VOD, querying stock

information, online trade, distant learning, etc.

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What is “Standard Definition”?


SDTV

Standard Definition Television

Resolution and aspect ratio format are similar to analog TV

Aspect ratio 4:3 with resolution of 480i or 480p

Analog TV

PAL: 625 lines 25 frames/s

NTSC: 525 lines 30 frames/s

Full D1

PAL：720x576（Phase Alternating Line ）

NTSC：720x480 （National Television Standards Committee ）

What is “High Definition”?


HDTV

High Definition Television

Watching the image details from the distance which is three times the image

height, the quality of the picture is comparable with the actual objects.

1080i/720p or above

1080i：1080i：

1080 line interlaced

1920x1080 (aspect-ratio 16:9)

720p：

720 line progressive

1280x720 (aspect-ration 16:9)

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Digital TV Formats


Form VerticalHorizont

lAspec

SRefresh

Tat

IndexResoluti

on

alResolutio

n

pt

Ratio

ScanType

Rate [Hz]

Type

1

480

640 4:3

interlaced

30

2progressi

ve

24

EDTV

3 30

4 60

5

704 4:3

interlaced

30

6progressi

ve

24

7 30

8 60

9interlace

d30

SDTV

704 16:910

progressive

24

11 30

12 60

13

720 1280 16:9progressi

ve

24

HDTV

14 30

15 60

16

1080 1920 16:9

interlaced

30

17 progressive

24

18 30

High Definition

Bandwidth of High-definition Video


High-definition video source

1920x1080i/1080p

1280x720p

Bandwidth Bandwidth

MPEG2：12~20Mbps

MPEG4 or WMV9：8~12Mbps

H.264：7~8Mbps

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Sub-conclusion


DTV includes: SDTV, HDTV

SDTV: 480i, 480P

HDTV: 720P, 1080i, 1080P

2.2 IPTV Video Encoding/Decoding Technology

IPTV相关技术

First generation of First generation of SecondSecond--generation generation

Evolution of Video Encoding/Decoding Standards

H.264 /MPEG-4 AVC

ggstandardsstandards

ggstandardstandard

MPEG-China AVS中国

15


IPTV相关技术

Video Encoding/Decoding Standards

MPEG-2: Popularly used internationally

MPEG-4: Popularly used domestically

WMV9: Internationally

H.264: Mainstream of the future

AVS: China Standard

Video Encoding/Decoding Technology


Intent of H.264/MPEG-4 AVC: providing good video quality at

substantially lower bit rates than previous standards

Initially, used for the transport of the multimedia data on the Internet,

then for the wireless area, the video encoding standard of MPEG-4/AVC

has already be adopted by 3GPP and 3GPP2. And meanwhile, the mp4

audio format (ACC) of MPEG-4 becomes the standard for mobile

streaming mediastreaming media.

MPEG-4-LA is the organization in charge of the patent fee of MPEG-4. It

charges 1 million USD dollars per year from each independent operating

carrier.

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H.264


H.264 is the newest international codec standard developed by ITU-T and ISO/IEC. Without decreasing the picture quality, it halves the bit rate of previous codec standard.

Three advantages of H.264: Compression ratio and picture quality

Due to the improvements on traditional frame prediction and coding algorithm, H.264 achieves a higher coding efficiency and better picture quality than previous standards.

Anti packet loss and bit error H.264 improves the anti packet loss and bit error performance.

China Standard AVS


AVS is a proprietary intellectual property of China. Its coding efficiency is 2~3

times higher than MPEG-2, equivalent to H.264. In addition, AVS is based on a

concise technology design, and the realization complexity of chips is lower than

that of H.264.

H.264 is only a video codec standard. While AVS is a complete standard set

including system, video, audio, and copyright management, which can provide

comprehensive solutions for digital video & audio industry comprehensive solutions for digital video & audio industry.

Disadvantages for AVS:

MPEG-4 and H.264 are mature standards that have been commercially

applied on a large scale of international market and domestic IPTV industry.

Therefore, it is very important to increase the industrialization speed of AVS.

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H.264 Compared with other standards, saved ratio of bit rate

6

Conclusion:

With the same picture quality, the compression ratio of H.264 is 2~3 times higher than that of MPEG-2 in DVD system and 1.5~2 times higher than that of MPEG-4

The advanced compression performance of H.264 is achieved from the high calculation complexity which improves the prediction accuracy greatly.

Sub-conclusion


Currently, H.264/MEPG AVC is the best encoding/decoding

method

For HDTV Which mode hasFor HDTV, Which mode has best picture quality?

1080i or 1080p?

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Streaming Media Technology

2.3 Streaming Media Technology

At the narrow band time, due to slow Internet speed, video files have to be

downloaded to local before playing. It not only wastes time and disk space, but

also cannot meet the demand of play continuity.

Based on this demand, streaming media appears. It solves the play continuity

problem by simultaneously downloading, buffering and playing the video file.

FileDownload: File

Streaming media: Frame 1Frame 2Frame 3Frame 4Frame 5


IPTV主要技术

Transport Protocols of Streaming Media

RTP : Real Time Transport Protocol

RTCP：Real Time Control Protocol

RSVP : Resource ReSerVation Protocol

RTSP : Real Time Streaming Protocol

UDP： User Datagram Protocol

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RTP/RTCP


RTP is a transport protocol of multimedia data flow used for

Internet/Intranet

RTP is used for the one-to-one or one-to-many transport,

providing time information and synchronization of media

streams.

Generally, RTP adopts UDP to transport data, especially for

wireless environment.

RTP can be applied on TCP or ATM protocol as well.

RTP/RTCP


RTCP together with RTP provides traffic control and congestion

control services.

RTP cooperating with RTCP optimizes the transport efficiency

based on effective feedbacks and minimized expenses, which is

it bl f l ti d t t t I t tsuitable for real-time data transport on Internet.

RTP does not guarantee the sequencing delivery of packets, neither

does it provide traffic and congestion control. However, RTCP does.

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RSVP


Compared with traditional data transport, the transport of

streaming media data is much more sensitive to latency.

Therefore, guaranteed bandwidth is not enough for the transport

of high quality audio & video data.

RSVP is designed to reserve resources across network.

RSVP can reserve a fraction of network resources (bandwidth) to

provide QoS for the transport of streaming media.

RTSP


RTSP was introduced by Real Networks and Netscape together. It

defines how to effectively transport media data for one-to-many

application. RTSP adopts TCP or RTP to complete data transport.

Compared with HTTP, RTSP is suitable for the transport of

multimedia data while HTTP is suitable for the transport of HTML multimedia data, while HTTP is suitable for the transport of HTML

text. In addition, HTTP is a uni-direction service (The client machine

sends the HTTP request and the server responses the request).

While RTSP is a bi-directional service, both the client machine and

server can send the request.

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Sub-conclusion


Streaming media technology is different from file

download technology.

Streaming media technology is used to continuously

deliver frames of video over IP network, so that end-

user can enjoy the video continuously without waiting

and hard disk occupying.

Basic protocol: RTP/RTCP, RVSP, RTSP

2.4: IPTV CDN/VDN Technology

VDN(Video Delivery Network ) is constructed by hierarchical streaming

IPTV主要技术

server deployment on the basis of present broadband network. This

network provides users with high- quality media services. The actual

structure can be either central-fringe hierarchical structure or distributed

structure. Central-fringe hierarchal structure resolves the contradiction

between centralized programs storage and distributed nearby services

providing. The computer cluster mode resolves the problem of economical

expansion of single mode service capabilityexpansion of single mode service capability,

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IPTV CDN/VDN Technology

CDN Software Architecture

ZTE CDN Subsystem

CDN Manager

Networkmanagement

Content control Service control

SOMPVoD serverMSTU

EMS

CMS

CDN Agent

SMS

System management

Router process

Version management

Operation maintenance

MSTU

MDU

Read/write/record/distribute

media servicesLike TSTV and NPVR

Living broadcast servicesuch as live TV, live relay, NVOD

STB STB

Node management

Content control

Service control

Streaming ServerInterface adapter

CDN M

Central Node


ZTE CDN could be Two-level Structureor Multi-Level Structure.

ZTE CDN consists of CDN Manager Agent

CDN Networking

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Storage

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Storage

Manager

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Storage

Region Node

ZTE CDN consists of CDN Manager, Agent, VoD server etc.

The CDN Manager is locatedin the CDN central node or alone, which is responsiblefor network management, global content control,and global service control.

CDN ManagerAgent

The CDN Agent is located inthe CDN node, which is responsible for node management, node content control, node service control, and streaming interface adaptation.

VoD Server

VOD servers in each node can be added dynamically to meet the gradually increasing parallel VOD requirements. VOD server stores and reads contents, sends video streams

Region Node

fringe Node

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Storage

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Storage

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Storage

,and responds to the VCR requests in the VOD process, and at the same time is responsible for media services such as time-shifted TV, TVoD and NPVR.

VOD server for Living broadcast service such as live TV, live relay, NVOD.

VOD servers in the same VOD cluster can share the storage.

23


CDN Functions

1 Device management: manages the storage space, service bandwidth, and service g g g p , ,

capability of devices in CDN.

2 Node management: node composed of agnet, media storage and media server

3 VCDN management: divides operator owned CDN resources into virtual resouces.

4 service management: mananges contents, channel, live broadcasting ,recood

broadcasting,relay;

5 Contents control;

6 Service control;

7 Program playing schedule;

8 capability statistics;


Three CDN Networking

1 single central node structure 1 single-central node structure

The central nodes strore programs;

The edge node directly provides service to users;

The edge node obtains programs via program

distribution and Cache mechanism.

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2 multi central node structure 2 multi-central node structure



The edge node obtains programs via program

distribution and Cache mechanism.

Each central node distribute program to other

central nodes;



3 netted structure 3 netted structure



The edge node distributes programs to other edge

nodes and each edge nodes acts as the caches of

other edge nodes.

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ServiceBasic Middleware Platform

BOSSCentral Node

Ed N dVS8000C

CDN Hardware Architecture

Service processing

server (CDN

Manager)

Interface server

Statistic&CDR server

Web serverEPG server

Disk Array

VS8000C

MSCU=AgentVoD (MSTU/MDU) SOMP

Edge NodeVS8000C

MSCU=AgentVoD (MSTU/MDU) SOMP

Disk Array

Firewall

IP network

Features VCDN (Virtual content delivery

network) designed for

VSP2 VSP3VSP1 …

SMS SMS SMS

SP

VCDN Solution

) g

multi service operators

Uniform platform, virtual

operation space for virtual SPs

VSPs have complete SMS, CMS

function

Content could be shared between

VSPs

Personalized EPG for each VSP

SMS

CMS

EPG

SMS

CMS

EPG

SMS

CMS

EPG …

Content

Content

CDN 1

Content

Content

CDN 2

Content

Content

CDN 3

…CDN Personalized EPG for each VSP

…Content Content Content

…

User group 1 User group 2 User group 3

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CDN Mechanism

CDN Key technologies

Content ScheduleContent Scheduling Mechanism Facing Operators

Dual-directional Symmetrical

CDN RedundancyRedundancy among nodes

Redundancy in one nodeRedundancy in storage

Content Distribution

VCDNZTE CDNSubsystem

yScheduling Mechanism

between CDN Nodes

Redundancy in storage

Load BalancingGlobal Load Balancing

Local Load Balancing

Live relay

CDN Mechanism


1 Content distribution: include PUSH, PULL,Mirror;

PUSH h f d t th i d ith th PUSH: push program from one node to another in accordance with the

pre-defined distribution rules, this can not completed manually;

PULL: in case of the node A cannot meet VOD request of a user, the

program can be distributed from node B in time and provided to uer in

real-time, meanwhile the program can be also buffered to node A.

Mirror: stands for implements the synchronization between streaming Mirror: stands for implements the synchronization between streaming

servers by configuring mirror relationship between source streaming

server and destination streaming server.

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CDN Key technologies 2 Content Schedule Technology

Opeartor-oriented program content schedule mechanism;

Inter-CDN nodes bidirectional equivalent scheduling mechanism;

3 Load Balancing Technology

Global load balancing mechanism: the system allocates each user Vod

request to most suitable Agent for processing;

Serve VOD requests in a “own users’ requests first, then other

requests” manner; if the streaming server in which the ordered stream is located or the

network connection fails, the system will automatically recode the failure point and reconduct

streaming server load balancing and switch progressing ordered stream to new streaming

server,the process is transparent to users;



4 Video transmission technology

CDN possesses unique live broadcasting relay and transmit function,

Either adopt pure unicasting or multicating for video live broadcasting

incurs certain problems.

High-performance computing technique

The multithread technique greatly improves CPU effciency and greatly reduced the

dependence of high-concurrent flow on server hardware and achieves high

pergormance-price ratio by properly configure server hard mamory and peripheral.

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Content distribution modePush

CDN Mechanism---- Content Distribution

Content Library

FTP

Push PushBackbone

CDN Manager

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Storage

Central Node

Note: The blue arrows in this map

PUSH distribution means that the system can push the program from the upper layernode to the lower layer node according to preset distribution rules. This process can also be completed manually.

Backbone

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Storage

Regional Node

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Storage

Regional Node

is signaling flow.The red arrows in this map is media flow.

CDN Manager

Agent

Distribution on demand policy

Distribute relevant contents according to the purchasing situation of operators or

according to operators'

Timed distribution policyPreset plans to conduct timed distribution.

Automatic distribution policy Automatically gather statistics of the content and distribute according to the popularity of the content

Content Schedule

g

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Storage

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Central Node

according to operators application for program contents.

the content.

Classification distribution policy According to different contents, set different distribution intervals and destination.

Hierarchical distribution policy Set different distribution intervals and destinationaccording to different hierarchies of contents.

Program purchasing and distribution policyO t h

StorageStorageRegional Node

Edge Node

Operators can purchase programs;the program suppliers can make update and distribution policies according to the purchasing situation. Priority policy of content distribution

Different operators have different distribution priorities.

Note: The red arrows in this map is media flow.

AgentVOD Server

VOD Server

VOD ServerStorage

AgentVOD Server

VOD Server

VOD ServerStorage

AgentVOD Server

VOD Server

VOD ServerStorage

AgentVOD Server

VOD Server

VOD ServerStorage

AgentVOD Server

VOD Server

VOD ServerStorage

29

CDN Manager

Agent

Global Load BalancingMechanism

•Adjacent rulesS b ib l

Redirection

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Storage

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Central Node

G

•Subscribers group rules•Sequential service priority•Local service priority

Local Load BalancingMechanism

•Content storage location•Concurrent stream traffic•Concurrent connection•Server processing capacity

Storage Storage

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD ServerStorage

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD ServerStorage

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD ServerStorage

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD ServerStorage

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD ServerStorage

Regional Node

Edge NodeSTB

×

Note1:Breaking point memory in VoD service

×

Note 2: The blue arrows in this mapis signaling flow.The red arrows in this map Is media flow.

×

×

CDN Manager

Agent

Convergence

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Storage

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD Server

Central Node

Note 1: The blue arrows in this mapis signaling flow

Storage Storage

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD ServerStorage

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD ServerStorage

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD ServerStorage

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD ServerStorage

Agent

VOD Server

VOD Server

VOD ServerStorage

Regional Node

Edge NodeSTB

is signaling flow.The red arrows in this map Is media flow.

××

×

30

TCP

Live Relay

Live relay and forwarding functionSupport live relay and forwarding mode such as multicast, unicast, multicast and unicast combined.

Content making work station

Central server

TCP Unicast

UnicastUnicast

Unicast Unicast

Edge servers

Edge servers

Multicast MulticastAdvantages • Helping the carriers without multicast

on network transmit Live TV to end subscribers.

• Saving the bandwidth.

CDN Highlight

Push Content distribution mode

High-performanceprocessing capability

Global load balancing mechanism

Carrier-class reliability

Convenient VCDN operating

Live relay and forwarding function

Powerful network management

Seamless scalability

31

Chapter3 IPTV Bearer Network Technology

The bearer network consists of access router, BRAS,DSLAM

and MODEM. ALL of these devices cooperate to transmit

IPTV service stream from media service network to user

terminals, For VOD services, the broadband access network

provides only user access control and data transmission

channel and ensures IPTV VOD service Qoschannel and ensures IPTV VOD service Qos.

IPTV Bearer Network Technology

VOD program and TV program are the two most important VOD program and TV program are the two most important

contents for the IPTV bearer network. To reach a comparable

quality of the IPTV program with the cable TV program, the IPTV

bearer network must provide guarantee at bandwidth, channel

switching delay and network QoS.

Bandwidth Bandwidth

MPEG4: 1.2~1.5M per stream

H.264: 1M per stream

At least 2M per user

32


Channel switching delay

The channel switching time of the cable TV is very short. IPTV

service should minimize the end-to-end delay as much as

possible. According to survey of IPTV users, the acceptable

channel switching delay is 1 second and VOD switching time is

10 second.

QoS

Packet loss and jitter will seriously affect the quality of IPTV

program. Therefore, it is very important to guarantee the network

QoS for IPTV service.


Multicast

Multicast is a technique for one-to-many communication

over an IP infrastructure. The host sends only one copy of

the data flow, while the one or multiple recipients receives

the duplication of the data flow sent by the host. The

advantage of multicast is saving network bandwidth and

server resources. Only one data flow is sent above the

multicast duplication point. Thus, the bandwidth above the

duplication point is saved greatly.

33


IPTV Bearer Network Technology (Multicast)

Multicast network structure

Server

Packet (sent once)

User

User Broadcast TV vs VOD

Multicast vs Unicast

UserUser

Multicast vs Unicast


Static Multicast VS Dynamic Multicast

For static multicast, the multicast distribution tree (MDT) is established

statically. The multicast stream is transported along the MDT no matter

there are users to receive it.

For dynamic multicast, the MDT is established according to the IGMP

request from users, based on the multicast routing protocol.

Static multicast has less delay than that of dynamic multicast. It is

it bl f IPTV suitable for IPTV.

Multicast Management

Controllable management on multicast data received by users

Management of multicast source

Management of multicast distribution range

34


Multicast QoS

Multicast is based on UDP Hence there is no re-transport mechanism for Multicast is based on UDP. Hence, there is no re transport mechanism for

lost packets.

The upgrading of the routers in the backbone network and MAN increases

the Qos capability, which guarantees the QoS of the multicast services.

To guarantee the QoS of multicast services, generally, the abroad carriers

separate IPTV services from normal PC Internet services. Thus, multicast

QoS is guaranteed by establishing a dedicated channel for multicast

stream.

Multicast duplication point

To save bandwidth, the duplication point should be placed near to the end

users. For ADSL, the duplication point can be placed at BAS or DSLAM.


Sub-conclusion

Basic requirement for IP bearer network is:

Enough bandwidth

Supporting multicast

Better QoS guarantee

Security

35

4.6 Application of unicast & multicast

Case1:The whole network multicast

Live multicast

Switch 1 Switch 2

VOD unicast

IPTV组网情况及涉及技术

Central Node

Region node1区Region node2

Bearer Network

Live unicast

Edge node1

Edge node 2

STBUnicast domain

STB

4.6 组播与单播技术应用

Case2: the whole network unicast

C t l d

S 1 S 2

单播/组播直播源Live source


Broadcast Relay Central node

Region node1Region node 2

Bearer network

unicast

Exception

Edge node1

Edge node2

STB

36

4.6 组播与单播技术应用

Case3:Trunk unicast \ multicast in edge

Central node

S 1 S 2

单播/组播直播源

Unicast/multicast source


Central node

区域中心1区域中心2

Bearer network

source

Broadcast relay unicast

Vod unicast

Live multicast

Broadcast relay exception

Live unicast

Edge node1

Edge node2

STB

Multicast domain 1 Multicast domain 2

STB

Vod exception

Unicast domainSTB

Chapter4 ： Successful Application Case

中兴IPTV商用案例

4.1 Shanghai Telecom IPTV Success Factors

4.2 jiangsu Telecom IPTV

37

Shanghai, Shanghai Telecom Introduction

Shanghai-------Largest city and economic center of China

China Telecom is the world’s largest wireline telecommunications and broadbandservices provider, with about 210 million fixed line subscribers and over 40 millionp ,broadband subscribers.

Shanghai Telecom is a subsidiary of china Telecom, contains about 3 million broadbandusers.

Launched in Sep.2006. Total 150 million IPTV subscribers (Jan 2011)

Shanghai IPTV Eco System

Head-End

Middleware

DSLAM

SetTop-Box

38

Live TV Channels

CCTV 15

Shanghai TV&Eastern TV 12

Digital TV 20

Other 9

Several NVOD Channels

VOD

Theatrical (8%)Domestic (4%)Sony (11%)

Korean (2%)

Movie

Domestic (52%)

European & American (42%)

HK&TW (33%)

Teleplay

2008

Hot show (45%) Other (55%)

2008Japanese&Korean (18%)

Domestic (52%)HK&TW (30%)

39

HDTV

17/05/2008 Shanghai Telecom launches HDTV service and

developed 8000 users at the end of the year.

Live TV 2 Channels

VOD 100Hours, update 20hours/month

Launched IPTV Services in Shanghai

Tele-votingKaraokeGaming

TV Shopping

Web portalsTV yellow Pages

StockWeather

Government Online

Key Focus:Video service

QoERevenue opportunity

VOD (PPV)TVOD (3 Days)

NVOD

Government OnlineTV-Bank

Remote Education

Live TV (108 ChannelTSTV (60 Min.)

Olympic Game Column

Video Phone/ConferenceUnified Message

Hotel IPTVHotel IPTVGlobal Monitoring

ZTE STB

40

Market research for service

Data from Shanghai Media Group - SMG

Key message from investigation:

TSTV & TVOD is the killer application, 75% user want to buy IPTV because of it. Young family will be easy to accept IPTV which seek for more personalized TV & high quality service. There is big gap between man and woman, normally man is not sensitive about price, but content as sports and news.

g p

IPTV Enables Premium $Content$

39%38%40%

收视比例传统电视 IPTV的节目Traditional TV IPTV

Percentage of Viewers

7%

25%

16%14%

8% 8% 8% 10%10%

20%

30%


2%4%

2%5%

2%0.02% 0.36%1%

8%

0 0.10%0%

10%

电视剧电影少儿娱乐纪实财经体育法治游戏新闻

Comparison of Traditional TV and IPTV Viewers

Sitcom Movie Kids Entertainment Social Financial Law Sport Game News

41

IPTV Value-Added $Service$

Example: Dance Competition 2006

Voting rate of IPTV viewers (with remote controller)

was 25 times as high as that of cable TV viewers (using

SMS to vote)

Same viewing period:

100 000 i 000 %100,000 IPTV viewers: 5,000 votes 5%

20,000,000 CATV viewers: 40,000 votes 0.2%


Revenue Sharing with CP and SP

SMG Shanghai Telecom

SP

•IPTV service provider provides network infrastructure, service provision, and hosts all value-added services;

• Content provider converts video formats and manages all video contents (including media sharing part)


42

IPTV Charge Strategy of Shanghai Telecom

Phase III

Phase II

Phase I

2007, IPTV binding with broadband: Users focus on broadband.

2008, sales-promotion on IPTV charge: charge free for over 8 times usage within a month together with

2009, monthly payment pre-paid: cultivate a good payment habit ,it is nearly one million IPTV users

Although the number of IPTV users increases fast, the usage ratio of IPTV STBs is very low.

month, together with VOD and TSTV ，achieve quite positive reputation from IPTV users.

IPTV Sales Promotions of Shanghai Telecom

2008IPTV Enjoy

Increase the usage ratio of subscribed IPTV users

Shanghai Telecom’s Shanghai Telecom’s Sales Promotions Sales Promotions

For IPTVFor IPTVExtend the preference to 2009 for users expired in 2008

Through 2008

2009IPTV Newlife

2009IPTV Care

Provide preference on IPTV services for its broadband users

Provide preference on IPTV services for its broadband users

2008IPTV Newlife1/Feb~30/Jun

IPTV Care1/Feb~30/Jun

43

2008 IPTV Enjoy

area Service1M

Internet(RMB)

2MInternet(RMB)

Notes

downtown

58 Channels60min TSTV

48hourTVODVOD

27 221,Be free for first 2 months2,Use 8 times, off 22RMB/month/line

suburb


48hourTVODVOD

32 271,Be free for first 2 months2,Use 8 times, off 22RMB/month/line

2009 IPTV Newlife

Package ServiceCharge per Month

(RMB)

Base Package


48hour TVOD 30ase ac age 48hour TVOD30 special channels

VOD

Optional Package Children's Playground 5

Optional Package Documentary 5

Optional Package First Run 10

Totel Package All above 40

44

2009 IPTV Care

Package ServiceCharge per Month

(RMB)

Base Package


48hour TVOD 15Base Package 48hour TVOD30 special channels

VOD

15

Optional Package Children's Playground 5

Optional Package Documentary 5

Optional Package First Run 10

Totel Package All above 25

Shanghai Telecom's IPTV and Broadband UsersPenetration Rate

IPTV Penetration Rate2008.9

19%

2008.3

2008.5

2008.7

19%

8%

Broadband user IPTV user

2008.1 8%

45

Relationship of Shanghai Telecom and SMG

User

Shanghai Telecom

SMG

CP/SP of non-Video VAS

CP/SP of Video VAS

CP/SP of Video Service

STB Provider

Content Service Access Service STB Order

Responsibility Division and Income Distribution-1

Service

SMG provides and examines the video&audio contents;

Shanghai Telecom provides value-added services.

If the value-added service includes video&audio contents, it should be approved by

SMG.

Advertisement

Shanghai Telecom takes charge of IPTV marketing and print media advertisement; S a g a e eco ta es c a ge o a et g a d p t ed a ad e t se e t;

SMG takes charge of the advertisement on television, radio and other medias.

Investment and Maintenance

SMG takes charge of the investment on source content and content management

platform;

Shanghai Telecom takes charge of the IPTV key platform, bearer network and access

t k B id th l tf f h Sh h i T l t k h f th

46

Responsibility Division and Income Distribution-2

Before September 1, 2008

Investment on User terminal devices:

50% each for the purchase of STB

Income distribution:

Shanghai Telecom:SMG=35%:65%

Shanghai Telecom pays 14 RMB/Mo./User to SMG in the "IPTV

Enjoy" promotion in 2008Enjoy" promotion in 2008

After September 1, 2008

Investment on User terminal devices:

Shanghai Telecom purchases all STBs

Income distribution:

Broadband Penetration

Large broadband user base: 3 million

Marketing Promotion

Annual pay (only pay for 10 months- 2

Shanghai Telecom IPTV Success Factors

Large broadband user base: 3 million

subscribers with high loyalty

Sufficient bandwidth: up to 4Mbps on

average

p y ( y p y

months free)

Discount when bundling with E-Home

services

Free STB for two-years contract

Success Factors

Content Variety and Appeal

Win-win partnership with SMG on content acquisition

Compelling and competitive content to attract users

Different contents including TV programs from Hong Kong, new release movies

Convenience with TSTV & TVOD: watch TV at any time

Value-added services increases the profit

47

Jiangsu & Jiangsu Telecom Introduction

Jiangsu is a province of the People's Republic of China, locatedalong the east coast of the country.

Rank in China Administrative Population Comparable country

(Population) DivisionPopulation Comparable country

— China 1,301,531,000

5 Jiangsu 76,245,000 Egyptu

Rank in China

(GDP)

Administrative

Division in million RMB in million US$

— China 20,940,700

3 2,556,010 335,964Jiangsu Telecom, a subsidiary of publicly-listed ChinaTelecom, the largest fixed-line telecom operator in China,has become a major player in broadband services, servingmore than 3.3 million broadband subscribers

Project Profile

I 2006 j t t d l dIn 2006, project covers most developed cities in Jiangsu province ,and it has about

100,000 subscribers

In the first half of 2007, the project was expanded to cover 13 cities of the province

Nov, 2005 ZTE beats UTStarcom, Alcatel and Bell

ZTE is a sole provider

48

Jiangsu IPTV Eco System

Head-End

Middleware

DSLAM

SetTop-Box

Launched IPTV Services in Jiangsu

VAS

KaraokeInformation

B

System Functions

Multiple CP/SP Access

Customized EPG

Video & Audio

Services

Live TVVOD Browser

Tele-votingGame Hall

Online/Offline Game

Video SurveillanceVCS Live

Advertisement Insertion

… …

Customized EPGVCDN

Live Relay Group User

FunctionRe-operationChannels Mix

Integration with hotel’s system

Hotel’s Solution

VODTSTVTVODNPVRNVOD

ITVVirtual

Channels

… …Self-care Service…

iptv introduction

Documents