iot transport protocols
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IoT Protocols
January, 20th 2017 @ CoderBunker
Gwenole Gendrot [email protected]
[email protected]@baidu.comAMQP
What kind of audience (IoT people, SW people, people curious about IoT)
Better an exchange than one way presentation: ask questions, add comments (hope not too many people)
NB: shall I insert plan? Chapters?
Talk for technical people. Dont hesitate to ask questions, add comments. See this more as an excange than a presentation
Definition
the IoT (Internet of Things) is an ecosystem where sensors, devices, and equipment are connected to the global network and can transmit and receive data for tracking, analysis, and action.(from DELL)
- emphasis on ecosystem: heterogeneous system with diversity of services, users, devices=> several actors, it is true from technical & business side- connected (e.g. access card: not iot unless the lock sends data)- tracking / action: bi-directional- analysis: alusion to the cloud
- umbrella term => [- self introduction] not an expert- IIoT, Industry 4.0, Manufacturing 4.0
Internet of Things ecosystem: All the components that enable businesses, governments, and consumers to connect to their IoT devices, including remotes, dashboards, networks, gateways, analytics, data storage, and security.
=> keycard picture
General Architecture
- anecdote on locked services: local device unavailable if no internet connection
- fog computing (cisco) ?
- ADD RED ARROW
IoT Networks
Network Topologies
Missing: ad hoc network
Protocol jungle
Move to 1st
IoT protocols
Infrastructure (ex: 6LowPAN, IPv4/IPv6, RPL)
Identification (ex: EPC, uCode, IPv6, URIs)
Comms / Transport (ex: Wifi, Bluetooth, LPWAN)
Discovery (ex: Physical Web, mDNS, DNS-SD)
Data Protocols (ex: MQTT, CoAP, AMQP)
Device Management (ex: TR-069, OMA-DM, LWM2M)
Semantic (ex: JSON-LD, Web Thing Model)
Multi-layer Frameworks (ex: Alljoyn, IoTivity, Weave, Homekit)
IoT constraint devices
Low memory footprint
Power efficient
Secure
Link protocols
RangePower usage
Bit rateCostOperator
WLAN30mHigh54 MbpsLowPrivate
WPANZigbee / Z-Wave100mLow40 200 kbpsLow to moderatePrivate
WPANBluetooth LE20mModerate to low1 MbpsLowPrivate
LPWANLoRa / Sigfox2 km (urban) 15 km (rural)Very low0.1 5 kbpsModerate to lowPublic / Private
Cellular35kmHigh10 1000 kpbsHighPublic
WLAN (Wifi)
Ubiquitous
Low range (~30m)
High data rate (54+Mbps)
High power usage
Wide choice of transports
Open standard
Point 2 point network
Zigbee / Z-Wave (WPAN)
ZigbeeOpen standard
Lower energy usage
DIY
Z-waveProprietary
More expensive
Simpler to use (profiles)
More secure
Mainly used in home automation
Low range (~30 m)
Low data rate (~ 40-200kbps @ 900MHz)
Low power usage
Profiles
Mesh network
Requires a gateway
Bluetooth Low Energy (WPAN)
Ubiquitous (smartphones, headset, wearables, )
Low range (~30 m)
Medium data rate (1Mbps @ 2.4 GHz)
Low to moderate power usage
Profiles
Open standard
Star network (mesh coming)
NB: BLE also needs gateway, but smartphones & tablets every where...
LoRaWAN / Sigfox (LPWAN)
Very low data rate (0.1 5 kbps), asymetrical (better uplink)
Long range (10-20 km outdoor, 2-5 km urban area)
Low power consumption (several years on battery)
Network deployment needed
Use cases: sensors in remote area, tracking over a wide area, ...
SigfoxProprietary
Subscripton model
Longer range
LoRaWANOpen protocol
Single chip vendor
Can deploy own network
Cellular (2G / 3G / LTE)
ProsAvailable (practically) everywhere
Robust & reliable
Long range (35km)
Data rate from 10 kbps to 1Mbps
Cons
Expensive (subscription)
High power consumption (depends on technology)
Not scalable
Phasing out (2G)
Recap
RangePower usage
Bit rateCostOperator
WLAN30mHigh54 MbpsLowPrivate
WPANZigbee / Z-Wave100mLow40 200 kbpsLow to moderatePrivate
WPANBluetooth LE20mModerate to low1 MbpsLowPrivate
LPWANLoRa / Sigfox2 km (urban) 15 km (rural)Very low0.1 5 kbpsModerate to lowPublic / Private
Cellular35kmHigh10 1000 kpbsHighPublic
Getting started
Complete Starter kits (board, cloud account, tutorials)
DIY / Development boards:Raspberry Pi, Arduino
SoCs (e.g. ESP8266, ESP32)
Homemade Server: any stock computer or cloud instance
Plenty of OSS projects & frameworks available, in many languages
CoderBunker: discussion group, workshops, ...
IoT Protocols
Infrastructure (ex: 6LowPAN, IPv4/IPv6, RPL)
Identification (ex: EPC, uCode, IPv6, URIs)
Comms / Transport (ex: Wifi, Bluetooth, LPWAN)
Discovery (ex: Physical Web, mDNS, DNS-SD)
Data Protocols (ex: MQTT, CoAP, AMQP)
Device Management (ex: TR-069, OMA-DM, LWM2M)
Semantic (ex: JSON-LD, Web Thing Model)
Multi-layer Frameworks (ex: Alljoyn, IoTivity, Weave, Homekit)
MQTT (Wifi)
Message Queue Telemetry Transport
Publish / Subscribe model
Over TCP (mostly)
TLS security
Open standard
Use case: IoT messaging
CoAP (Wifi)
Constrained Application Protocol
REST like interface (p2p)
Over UDP (mostly)
DTLS security
Open standard
Device management (LWM2M)
Use case: fleet of sensors
Questions ?
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