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Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

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Page 1: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics,

and Applications

Dr. Milorad Tošić

Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Page 2: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeOverview

What is Wiki?

Wikipedia example

Aspects of Wiki

Features

Wikis and Social tagging

Applications

References

Questions

Page 3: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeWhere the Wiki name comes from? Wiki Wiki Shuttle

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Wiki Wiki Shuttle is a shuttle bus system at the Honolulu International Airport.

In the Hawaiian language "wiki" means quick, and "wiki wiki" implies very quick.

The shuttle's name inspired Ward Cunningham to call his new website technology "WikiWikiWeb", from which the concept of wiki software derives.

Page 4: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeWhat is a Wiki?

Wiki: Software, knowledge, community

A wiki Web site is a set of Web resources that can be easily and quickly created and/or edited via a Web-based interface by anyone who is allowed access.

One or more people are collaborating on building up a corpus of shared knowledge in a collection of interlinked Web pages.

A wiki Web site is accompanied with a social protocol supporting the community of usersBowen, J., Wiki Software and Facilities for Museums, in J. Trant and D. Bearman (eds.).

Museums and the Web 2008: Proceedings, Toronto: Archives & Museum Informatics. Published March 31, 2008. Consulted June 14, 2008. http://www.archimuse.com/mw2008/papers/bowen/bowen.html

Page 5: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeWiki paradigm shift:

Work in the presence of uncertainty: Produce results that will be valuable in

the future!

In the presence of the constant change globally, we are not able to predict future!

Reflective Practice: “The thing that make us smart” (what

people and computers can do together?) [Fisher, 2001]

Page 6: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeWhat is Wiki: Wikipedia example The number of articles on the English Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Page 7: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeWhat is Wiki: Wikipedia example Percentage of all Wikipedia Articles in English and in the Ten

Largest WikipediasFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Page 8: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeWhat is Wiki: Wikipedia example Percentage of all Wikipedia Articles in English and in the Ten

Largest WikipediasFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Power of the Long Tail?

Page 9: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

Home

What is Wiki: Wikipedia example

http://www.research.ibm.com/visual/images/discover_mag.jpg

Edit history of a

controversial entry

in Wikipedia

Page 10: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeWhat is Wiki: Wikipedia example

http://www.research.ibm.com/visual/images/discover_mag.jpg

Spinellis, D. and Louridas, P. 2008. The collaborative organization of knowledge. Commun. ACM 51, 8 (Aug. 2008), 68-73.

Wikipedia’s remarkable growth is sustainable.

Page 11: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeWhat is Wiki: Wikipedia example Percentage of all Wikipedia Articles in English and in the Ten

Largest WikipediasFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

NOT All Wikis are like

Wikipedia!!!

Page 12: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeWhat is Wiki: Individual vs. Collective Intelligence Wiki is a new social interaction medium for

publishing new form of intellectual artifacts: so called Live Documents.

Wikipedia isn’t great because it’s like the Britanica. The Britanica is great at being authoritative, edited, expensive, and monolithic. Wikipedia is great at being free, universal, and instantaneous.

- Cory Doctorow

Page 13: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeAspects

Technology

Social and Community

Semantics and Knowledge

Emergence and Networks

End-User Programming

Page 14: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeAspects: Wiki as a network Wikipedia is a small-world network

Small-World Network is a type of graph in which most nodes are not neighbors of one another, but most nodes can be reached from every other by a small number of hops or steps.

Sander Spek, Wikipedia: organisation from a bottom-up approach. 2006. WikiSym 2006.

Wikipedia is a scale-free network A scale-free network is a network whose degree distribution

follows a power law, at least asymptotically. That is, the fraction P(k) of nodes in the network having k connections to other nodes goes for large values of k as P(k) ~ k−γ where γ is a constant whose value is typically in the range 2<γ<3, although occasionally it may lie outside these bounds.

Diomidis Spinellis and Panagiotis Louridas. The collaborative organization of knowledge. Communications of the ACM, August 2008.

Page 15: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeFeatures: The Technology Aspect Storage

User interface

Design templates

Content creation

System management

Access Control Lists (ACL)

User groups

Page 16: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeFeatures: Storage

OS file system

Relational database

RDF triplestore

P2P Wikis

Page 17: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeFeatures: User interface

Content generation

Text editors Plain-Text editors (Wiki markup) Reach-Text editors (WYSIWYG – “vizivig”)

Attachments Documents, Images, Multimedia

Action-Specific forms

Page 18: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeFeatures: User registration Content generation: Action-Specific forms

User management

Page 19: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeFeatures: User registration “Source code” of the registration form

Page 20: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeFeatures: Access control and working groups

Permissions for users and working groups:

VIEW page contentEDIT page contentPRINT page contentCREATE new pageATTACHMENTS per page

Not in Work Group?

You don’t have privileges to VIEW and EDIT this page content

Page 21: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

Home

Menu creating and editing

Page and content creating and editing

Page attachments as documents and pictures

Different ways of the content printing

Page 22: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeFeatures: Plain-text editor

Page 23: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

Home

Features: Reach-Text editor (WYSIWYG – “vizivig”)

The WYSIWYG editor provides familiar tools for adding formatting, images, links, and multimedia elements to a Wiki page.

http://www.unf.edu/dept/cirt/bb/teamslx.html

http://developer.yahoo.com/yui/editor/

Page 24: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeFeatures: Presenting content - Printing

Pretty printing Pure text printing PDF printing MS Word printing

Page 25: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeFeatures: Charts and Graphs

Page 26: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeProblem: Semantics

Meaning, context and social value

Page 27: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeSocial tagging:

What do we do when we tag?

Assign one or more words, called tags, to some Web resource, usually Web page, or picture, or …

We are doing some mental work, work on semantics

Tagging vs. Classification?

Complementary

Mental cost of tagging is LOW: Large end-user community

Mental cost of classification is HIGH: Small teams of experts

Page 28: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeSocial tagging: Wiki based approach

Page 29: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeSocial tagging: Wiki based approach

Talking about Tagging, LukeW

TaggingPeople Tag

blog ResearchPaper

Page 30: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeSocial tagging: Personal Wiki profile page

Page 31: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeSocial tagging: Concept

Page 32: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeSocial tagging: Communication

Personal tags of a single user

Tag cloud of communication between two users

Shared tag cloud

Page 33: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeSocial tagging & wiki: “File” Concept

End-user’s comments

Visual representation of the concept

Tagging: Semantic links between concepts

Page 34: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeApplications: Wiki Tagging

Page 35: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeApplications: Wiki Tagging Mashups

Page 36: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeApplications: Wiki JavaScript Programming

Page 37: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeApplications: Wiki Mashups The Bioinformatics demo

Page 38: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeApplications: Community

The Complex Systems Community: Home

http://csregistry.org

Page 39: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeApplications: Community

The Complex Systems Community: Individual project’s Wikis

Page 40: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeReferences:

Milorad Tosic, Olivera Tosic, "Collaborative Wiki Tagging Platform for Multilingual Glossaries", Babel Wiki Workshop '08: Cross-Language Collaboration, Colocated with Wikisym 2008 Symposium Porto, Portugal, in Sept 8-10th, 2008.

Valentina Milicevic, Milorad Tosic, "Collaborative Wiki Tagging", T. Pellegrini, S. Schaffert (Eds.): Proceedings of I-MEDIA'07 and I-SEMANTICS'07, International Conferences on New Media Technology and Semantic Systems, as part of TRIPLE-I 2007, Graz, Austria, September 5-7, 2007.

Milorad Tosic, Valentina Milicevic, "Semantics of The Collaborative Tagging Systems", ''3th European Semantic Web Conference'', ''2nd Workshop on Scripting for the Semantic Web'', June 11-14, 2006, Budva, Serbia & Montenegro.

Milorad Tosic, “Meta-Architecture for Intelligent Information Systems”, Workshop on Designing for Reflective Practitioners: Sharing and Assessing Progress by Diverse Communities, CHI2004.

Milorad Tosic, Ladders of Reflection in the Community Infrastructure, http://infosys1.elfak.ni.ac.yu/InfosysWiki/Wiki.jsp?page=ReflectiveCommunity

Page 41: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Apr 21, 2023 M.Tosic, Intelligent Information Systems Lab., Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Nis

HomeIntroduction to Wikis: Collaboration,

Semantics, and Applications

Thank [email protected]

http://infosys1.elfak.ni.ac.yu

Department of Computer Science

Intelligent Information Systems Lab

Page 42: Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics, and Applications Dr. Milorad Tošić Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia

Introduction to Wikis: Collaboration, Semantics,

and Applications

Abstract: Wiki is one of the concepts jointly known as Social Software and Web 2.0 that characterize a mass of (simple) services on the Web facilitating social interactions and emerging intelligence. This talk gives an introduction into multi-faceted nature of Wiki including technology, community, knowledge, and application aspects. Illustrative practical examples will be used to demonstrate Wiki experience. Collaborative Wiki Tagging is presented as one of the powerful tools for social interaction, collaboration, and knowledge accumulation. First, basic concepts are described. Then, we discuss semantics of the approach. Finally, we give practical examples of social tagging and domain-specific glossary applications. Special attention is given to two application domains: scientific community building and university teaching.  

Dr. Milorad Tošić, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Nis, Serbia