IAEA

International Atomic Energy AgencyInternational Nuclear Information System (INIS)

• DIGITISATION

• INIS Training Seminar• 7-11 October 2013, Vienna, Austria

• Thomas Kalapurackal• INIS Unit

Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

WHAT IS DIGITISATION?

DIGITISING IS NOT PHOTOCOPYING….!

Process of converting paper docs, microfilm, microfiche etc.. Into electronic image files.

DIGITISATION

HARD COPY/SOFT COPYDOCUMENTS

FULL TEXT SEARCHABLEELECTRONIC DOCUMENTS

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

WHY IS DIGITISATION?

It came as a most wonderful and welcome tool in hands of libraries, museums, archives, societies, publishers, and others for preserving billions of paper/analogue documents in digital format.

Retain the original look with a point of view of the future relevance.

Protecting from loss or danger

Effective, efficient and purposeful use

Knowledge Transfer to the next generation

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

In The Past………

Paper filing and capturing documents on film were common preservation methods…….

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

Time has changed……

And the information must be stored in such media that the storage is safe and the retrieval is quick.

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

DIGITISATION

• THE AGE OF DIGITISATION HAS BEGUN!

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

HISTORY OF DIGITISATION…..

The first image scanner developed for use with a computer was a drum scanner. It was built in 1957 at the US National Bureau of Standards by a team led by Russell A. Kirsch.

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

HISTORY OF DIGITISATION…..

And the first image ever scanned on this machine was a 5 cm square photograph of Kirsch's then-three-month-old son, Walden.

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

HISTORY OF DIGITISATION

In 1975 Ray Kurzweil invented the flat bed scanner.

Kurzweil also was the inventor of text to speech technology

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

DOCUMENT SCANNER

A flatbed scanner is usually composed of a glass pane (or platen), under which there is a bright light (often xenon or cold cathode fluorescent) which illuminates the pane, and a moving optical array in CCD scanning.

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

DOCUMENT SCANNER

Leading Flat-bed Scanners in the Market are from:

FUJITSUKODAKHP (HEWLETT PACKARD)CANONXEROXEPSONPANASONIC and many more…..

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

DIGITISATION

VATICAN DIGITISED THE WHOLE LIBRARY COLLECTION RECENTLY…!!

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

At INIS…….

INIS has two Colour Scanning Stations at present:

FUJITSU (Serial No. fi-5750C) (72 page per minute A4 size)

KODAK (Serial No. i1440) (75 page per minute A4 size)

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

At INIS

Since its creation in 1970, INIS collects and disseminate the NCL Reports received from Member States and Intl. Organisations.

In 1997 INIS replaced the microfiche-based production system with an imaging system to process and to disseminate all NCL Documents in electronic format.

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

DOCUMENT PREPARATION

Page size (A5 to A0)

Color or B/W?

Single or double side?

Quality of document

Can we feed the document?

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

SETTINGS

Resolution(300 dpi)

Single Side/Double

side

Format(Tiff/pdf/jpg etc.)

Resolution

Page size (A5 to A0)

Orientation(Portrait/

Landscape)

Source (Feeder/Fla

tbed)

Brightness

Contrast

Noise Removal

Deskew?

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

QUALITY CONTROL & IMAGE ENHANCEMENT

Deskew?

Black Border?

Noisy

Image Positionin

g

Crop?

Clean-up?

Rotate?

Convert color?

Page missing?

Insert Page?

Re-size?

Delete, Split,

Copy?

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

Image Enhancement

Skewed?

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

Image Enhancement

Noisy?

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

Image Enhancement

Image Positioning:

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

Image Enhancement

• Black Border?

Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

Without VRS

= VRS AUTO-BRIGHTNESS

= Not readable !!= Repeat scanning for better result= OCR will not be perfect

VRS – AUTO BRIGHTNESS

= 100% readable != Get the best image ! = OCR will be perfect !

Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

like,

ohne VRS

Dokumenten Stapel

VRS – EDGE TRESHOLDING

Manual settings may not give perfect results always!

This one was highlighted with Orange Marker and it is not readable…!

Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

• Perfect Scanning• No missing texts• Better than Original

Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

l’ei’l7nologjiOCR Result

technology OCR Result

it VRS

Ohne VRS

Original

-> VRS also gives excellent results in OCR

Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

Important Features in PixEdit

(Version 7.11.18)

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

WHEN SHOULD I SCANHARD COPY DOCUMENTS ?

• The NCL document is not available in electronic format.

• I have a scanner.

• Refer to NCL Guidelines Section 4.1, “Scanning to PDF”

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

SCANNING DOCUMENTS

• INIS STANDARD• 300 dots per inch (DPI)• 400 DPI for small characters• B/W: TIFF CCITT Group 4 or JBIG2• Color Images: JPEG

• PLEASE DO NOT SCAN B/W PAGES in 24 bit color depth

• First priority: Scanning Quality

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

FIRST SCANNING TEST

Send an e-mail with a small test document to INISYour test document will be analyzed and INIS will tell you if you can continue to submit your NCL full text electronicallyIf the scanning quality is not good enough, INIS will help you to find the best settings for your scanner

IAEA Thomas - INIS Training Seminar-7-11 Oct 2013

FUTURE

People live longer now…….

Media too….!

THANK YOU….!!