Internal Conflict in Sub-Internal Conflict in Sub-Saharan AfricaSaharan Africa

Wesley FanWesley FanReece MorganReece MorganKatheryn ShiKatheryn Shi

Nicholas Van BemmelenNicholas Van Bemmelen

Map of Conflicts

Central African Central African RepublicRepublic

• 1996-present• Cause: general civil unrest and poor government

management• 3 army mutinies since 1996, economic crisis

causes public dissatisfaction and violent protest• Methods: mutiny, violence, protesting, marching

demonstration at Bangui• Goals: better government

Sierra LeoneSierra Leone

• 1990-2002• Cause: attempted overthrow of governments by

Revolutionary United Front (RUF) • Most of RUF consists of kidnapped children• Civil war in Liberia helped start actual fighting• Methods: protest, fighting and massacres• Goals: maintain control of diamond fields

Map of Conflicts

Ivory CoastIvory Coast

• 1999-present• Cause: many changes in government and unfair

elections that created unrest among supporters of different political parties

• Many presidential candidates held unfair elections, barring other candidates from running or claiming poll fraud when they did not win

• Methods: coups and fighting• Goals: a fair presidential process

SudanSudan

• 1983-2005 Second Civil War - extension of first• Cause: President Gaafar Nimeiri's decision to

break the Addis Ababa Agreement by imposing Sharia instead of a democracy

• Fighting between Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) and the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP)

• Methods: war• Goals: abolish Islamic Law

Sudan ContinuedSudan Continued• 2005 Darfur Conflict• Cause: ethical conflicts in the region between Sudanese

Arabs and blacks• Started in western Sudan• Sudanese government is aiding the Janjaweed - denies • Multiple organizations rebelling against the Janjaweed,

some have signed peace treaties, others continue to fight

• Methods: war crimes, rebellion attacks, unofficial genocide

• Goals: better quality of life for rebels

Map of Conflicts

AngolaAngola

• 1992-present• Cause: UNITA charges that the MPLA party had

committed electoral fraud• Methods: sanctions by UN, fighting• Goal: peace among the warring political parties

of Angola

SenegalSenegal

• 1982-2004• Cause: disrespect for cultural norms, poor

economy, unemployment, land rights• Independence rebellion (MFDC) against central

government in Dakar• Methods: mines, massacres, torture• Goals: independence from central government in

Dakar

Map of Conflicts

BurundiBurundi

• 1970-1974• Cause: differences among the Hutu and Tutsi

tribes• Hutus launched a rebellion against the Tutsi

minority’s domination of Burundi in 1972 - unsuccessful

• Methods: war and violence, massacre• Goals: find peace among the tribes

RwandaRwanda

• 1990-1994• Cause: Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) invades

in attempt to overthrow Hutuled Rwandan government, peace until downing of presidential plane causes ethnic violence leading to massacre

• Methods: war and massacre, genocide • Goal: to create a new coalition government