Intellectual Development from One to

Three

By: BM

Intelligence is the ability to interpret and understand everyday situations and to use that experience when faced with

new situations or problems.

Roles of Intelligence

A persons intelligence is determined by heredity and environment.

During early period, the foundation for later learning is formed.

They are curious about everything and want to try it all.

Continue…

Children learn on their own through everyday experiences and also through play.

Methods of Learning

Researchers made 4 groups of learning1. Incidental Learning Is unplanned learningChildren learn by doing things with their bodies2. Trial and error learning Is learning in which a child tries several solutions before

fi nding out what works. Ex. Doing a puzzle3. Imitation Is learning by watching and copying others. Ex. Mimicking Both skills and attitude is learned by imitation4. Directed learning Is learning from being taught, either formally or

informallyDirected learning begins in the early years and continues

throughout life

Four Groups of Learning Methods

Children form concepts which are general categories of objects and

information.

Concept Development

Children start to organize what they have learned into their senses.

As child's knowledge grows the concepts are more refined and accurate.

They also learn to categorize objects by color, size, and shape.

Concepts of life and time aren’t understandable yet at this age group.

They believe everything is alive.Concepts of time are slowly

improved during the third year.

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Most basic element of intellectual are attention, memory, perception,

reasoning, imagination, creativity and curiosity.

Mind at Work

Aware of size, shape and colors.

As children mature they gradually develop the ability to ignore most of the info their senses provide and to concentrate on one item of interest.

1-3 years old can focus more then a one year old.

Attention

A child reacts to a situation by remembering similar experiences

If a one year old is frightened by a dog for an example then they will be scared of all animals, but as they grow up and become older they can remember the particular dog and can compare judge from others.

Earliest skill of memory is recognizing parents faces

By age 2 their memory grows incredibly

Memory

Perception

2-3 year olds are encouraged to learn by constantly asking “why?” “what is it?” and “how does it work?” that’s why people hear child say it so often

Commenting on the environment and answering questions helps improve a child's perception and helps there concept development.

The more you ignore their questions, the less motivation they have to learn

Babies at their fi rst year intend to push away “toys” to get another, but as they grow up the child solves problems by trying more possible solutions by putting away toys

Enjoy playing with a box which you match the block shape into the box

Parents should give chances to make right decisions.

By letting them make decisions the child will learn how to focus on the choices and thoughtful decisions on their own.

Reasoning

It became noticeable at about two years of age that children where using their imagination more often.

Its important to learning.Children use their imaginations to

connect what they see and hear with themselves.

Till about age 5 children don’t understand where imagination ends and reality begins.

Imagination

The use of imagination to produce something

Normally something others can seeSome ways a to promote creativeEncourage play activates that

depend on exploration, imagination, and creativity.

The process of creating is more important than the product.

Parsing the child will encourage future creativity.

Creativity

Is a source of learning and increases with age.

Parents sometimes smother a child’s curiosity by protecting them to much.

Young children seem to be into everything and this should be allowed

Curiosity

Children can only learn a new skill when they are physically and intellectually

ready.It’s important to push children to learn

skills, but even more important to avoid delaying skills that children are ready to

learn.

Readiness for Learning

Giving your time and attention:Children learn best when

there encouragedBeing their with them is very

importantAllow time for thinking:Toddlers need time to

consider choices and make decisions

Give only as much help as the child needs:Let the child do the most

they can If possible let the child do

the final step in an task

Guiding Learning

Encourage children to draw their own conclusions:Seeing and doing helps reinforce learningShowing how to solve problems:Never take over a child's projectWatch and encourage a childMaintain a positive attitude:Encourage learning by letting the child

know you have confidence in it’s abilities.

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Allow children to explore and discover:Constantly saying “don’t do

this” and “don’t touch that” inhibits sensor and motor experiences.

Children learn through all their senses and through play.

Help Children understand the world and how it works:Always bring children along

on daily routines and errands and whatever possible.

Encourage children to participate at home

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Playing with allows children to experience imaginary situations

and act out different roles.

Play Actives and Toys

Also develop large and small motor skillsShare and cooperate with othersNon talking toys are usually better because it leads to

the child using there imagination more.Colorful toys are more desirableWhen picking toys for your kids to play with ask! It’s the toy safe? Is it well made and durable?Will it be easy to care for? It is colorful?Will it be easy for the child to handle? Is it appropriate for child’s age?

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One to two years old: A child practices body control and learns through exploration The noise from toys help teach and entertain a child

Two to three years: Children become more coordinated and understanding Is very inspired by what adults are doing Toys which are great for this age group are child-sized broom,

small shovel, plastic or wooden tools, play dishes, empty food containers, similar items to what parents are using.

Three to Four years: Continue to enjoy some toys as when two Imagination and motor skil ls increase their interests Love to paint with their hands Love the tricycle and playground

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Everyone learns to speak at their own speed and learn individual words.

Speech Development

Babies learn to say words by repeating the sounds they hear

During age 1 they use one word to express a thoughtAt age two children begin to combine wordsAt age three grammar starts to implyListening to others talk is a way children start to

speak

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Not all children are blessed with the ability to speak properly but some have diffi culties that follow them through out

life.

Speech Difficulties

Parents shouldn’t be concerned if their child isn't talking lots before the age three.

Some children have trouble with certain sounds.

Stuttering is a serious speech diffi culty Child’s speaking and thinking abilities are

still immature before age three Some stutters aren't actually stutters but

instead a child is trying to think The child is always learning new words

and ways to describe things so it sometimes takes a few seconds for the right word to come with some parents think is a stutter.

A speech therapist is commonly contacted if a child has a stutter or has trouble say some sounds.

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Text Book- The Developing Child By Holly E. Brisbaine

Google Imageshttp://www.parents.com/baby/development/

intellectual/3-best-toys-for-intellectual-development/http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0078883601/

student_view0/unit4/chapter12/http://www.dshs.wa.gov/ca/fosterparents/training/

cdevguid/cdg03.htm

Bibliography