integrated soil fertility management

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Page 1: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

Integrated Soil Fertility Management

Page 2: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

Outline

• Background• Progress against outputs and outcomes• ISFM and the CRPs• Statistics and Challenges• Challenges

Page 3: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

Background

GOALGOALThe The GoalGoal of ISFM is to improve the of ISFM is to improve the livelihoodslivelihoods of people of people relying on agriculture in the relying on agriculture in the impact zonesimpact zones in sub-Saharan in sub-Saharan Africa by developing and creating an Africa by developing and creating an enabling environmentenabling environment for disseminating sustainable, profitable, socially just, for disseminating sustainable, profitable, socially just, nutrient-dense, and resilient nutrient-dense, and resilient agricultural production systemsagricultural production systems based on based on Integrated Soil Fertility ManagementIntegrated Soil Fertility Management

Page 4: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

Definition of ISFMDefinition of ISFM

Ag

ron

om

ic e

ffic

ien

cy

Currentpractice

Germplasm & fertilizer

+ Organicresource mgt

+ Localadaptation

Germplasm& fertilizer’

+ Organicresource mgt

Germplasm & fertilizer

‘Full ISFM’Move towards ISFM

Increase in knowledge

‘The application of soil fertility management practices, and the knowledge to adapt these to local conditions, which optimize fertilizer and organic resource use efficiency and crop productivity. These practices necessarily include appropriate fertilizer and organic input management in combination with the utilization of improved germplasm’

Background

Page 5: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

Impact zonesImpact zones Background

Impact zones - SSA

Page 6: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

Background

Impact zones – Latin America

Page 7: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

Output 1 ISFM for legume- cereal based systems in sub- Saharan Africa promoted

Activities1. Strategic research on ISFM for cereal-legume systems, focusing on maximizing the use efficiency of applied inputs.2. Adaptive, participatory research on best ISFM practices for cereal-legume systems. 3. Development of a stakeholder-specific decision support framework for ISFM in cereal-legume systems.4. Creating an enabling environment for uptake of ISFM practices, focusing on improved access to markets and better health and nutrition.5. Development of functional impact pathways for dissemination of ISFM practices in cereal-legume systems

Progress against outputs and outcomes

Page 8: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

0

1000

2000

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Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yie

ld w

ith

Rh

izo

bia

(kg

ha

-1)

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Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yield

with

Rhi

zobi

a (kg

ha-1

)

Bungoma

Bondo

Meru South

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2000

3000

0 1000 2000 3000

Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yield

with

Rhi

zobi

a (kg

ha-1

)

Bungoma

Bondo

Meru South

0

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0 1000 2000 3000

Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yield

with

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zobi

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ha-1

)

Bungoma

Bondo

Meru South

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3000

0 1000 2000 3000

Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yiel

d wi

th R

hizo

bia

(kg

ha-1

)

Bungoma

Bondo

Meru South

Y = 151

kg ha-1

Y = 318

kg ha-1

Y = -9

kg ha-1

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Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yield

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zobi

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Yield in control (kg ha-1)

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0 1000 2000 3000

Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yield

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ha-1

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0 1000 2000 3000

Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yield

with

Rhi

zobi

a (kg

ha-1

)

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2000

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0 1000 2000 3000

Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yie

ld w

ith

Rh

izo

bia

(kg

ha

-1)

0

1000

2000

3000

0 1000 2000 3000

Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yield

with

Rhi

zobi

a (kg

ha-1

)

Bungoma

Bondo

Meru South

0

1000

2000

3000

0 1000 2000 3000

Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yield

with

Rhi

zobi

a (kg

ha-1

)

Bungoma

Bondo

Meru South

0

1000

2000

3000

0 1000 2000 3000

Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yield

with

Rhi

zobi

a (kg

ha-1

)

Bungoma

Bondo

Meru South

0

1000

2000

3000

0 1000 2000 3000

Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yiel

d wi

th R

hizo

bia

(kg

ha-1

)

Bungoma

Bondo

Meru South

Y = 151

kg ha-1

Y = 318

kg ha-1

Y = -9

kg ha-1

0

1000

2000

3000

0 1000 2000 3000

Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yield

with

Rhi

zobi

a (kg

ha-1

)

0

1000

2000

3000

0 1000 2000 3000

Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yield

with

Rhi

zobi

a (kg

ha-1

)

0

1000

2000

3000

0 1000 2000 3000

Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yield

with

Rhi

zobi

a (kg

ha-1

)

0

1000

2000

3000

0 1000 2000 3000

Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yield

with

Rhi

zobi

a (kg

ha-1

)

0

1000

2000

3000

0 1000 2000 3000

Yield in control (kg ha-1)

Yield

with

Rhi

zobi

a (kg

ha-1

)

BCR = 3.3 8.1 -1.3 $ $-1

Progress against outputs and outcomes

Soybean yield response to inoculant

Page 9: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

Progress against outputs and outcomes

With manure and NPK

Without inputs

Productivity of climbing beans to benefit systems

Page 10: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

Progress against outputs and outcomes

0

1000

2000

3000

maize local CB improved CB local SB improved SB

preceding crop

mai

ze g

rain

yie

ld (

kg h

a-1)

control

with fertilizerSED1 SED2

Rotational benefits of climbing beans and soybean

Page 11: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

Progress against outputs and outcomesNumber of farmers reached with legumes – N2Africa – April 2011

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Progress against outputs and outcomesPrivate-Public Partnership

Kenya – PROMISADOR (South Africa) contracts for 4000 tonnes of smallholder soybean by 2012; partnershipTSBF – PROMISADOR – SMART LOGISTICS - SEEDCO

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Progress against outputs and outcomesOutput 2 ISFM for cassava-, and banana-based systems in

humid sub-Saharan Africa assembled Activities1. Strategic research on ISFM for cassava and banana-based systems, focusing on maximizing the use efficiency of applied inputs.2. Adaptive, participatory research on best ISFM practices for cassava and banana-based systems. 3. Development of a stakeholder-specific decision support framework for ISFM in cassava and banana-based systems.4. Creating an enabling environment for uptake of ISFM practices, focusing on improved access to markets and better health and nutrition.5. Development of functional impact pathways for dissemination of ISFM practices in cassava and banana-based systems.

Page 14: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

Progress against outputs and outcomes

Spontaneous adoption of alternative intercropping systems Various NGOs are testing these agronomy practices in East DRC,

Rwanda, Burundi (e.g., Great Lakes Cassava Initiative) Over 10% of farmers in the Action Sites are actively using the new

intercropping systems while over 30% know about it. These figures are 10 and 25% in Satellite Sites

Adoption in East DR Congo CRS visit to DR Congo sites

ISFM for cassava systems, Sud Kivu, East DRCongo

Page 15: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

Progress against outputs and outcomes

0

10

20

30

40

50

SB

NV

NV

+40

K

0K 40K

120K

200K T

IT

I+40

KT

I+12

0K CH

CH

+40

KC

H+

120K

Cas

sava

sto

rag

e ro

ot

yiel

d (

t/h

a)SED (within site)

Sla

sh a

nd

Bu

rnN

atu

ral

Veg

etat

ion

Nat

ura

l Veg

. +

40K

Tit

ho

nia

Ch

rom

ola

ena

0K 40K

120K

200K

Tit

h. +

40K

Tit

h. +

120

K

Ch

r. +

120

KC

hr.

+ 4

0K

ISFM for cassava systems, Kiduma, West DRCongo

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Progress against outputs and outcomesOutput 3 ISFM for conservation agriculture systems in

Central America assembled Activities1. Strategic research on ISFM for maize-bean based Quesungual agroforestry systems, focusing on maximizing the use efficiency of applied inputs.2. Adaptive, participatory research on best ISFM practices for improving eco-efficiency of agroforestry and livestock systems.

Page 17: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

= Agronomic efficiency in both crops can be further increased through adoption of improved varieties

Progress against outputs and outcomes

Page 18: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

ADA funded project in Nicaragua (Tropical Forages, TSBF-LAC, BOKU, INTA, UNA)

From current practice

To:•Organic resource management•Fertilizer•Germplasm

Progress against outputs and outcomes

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ISFM and the CRPs MP1.2 – Humid tropics + IITA MP5 – Water scarcity and land degradation + IWMI MP1.1 – Dryland systems + ICARDA/ICRISAT MP3 – Rice-based systems + IRRI/WARDA MP3 – Pulses + ICARDA/ICRISAT

Page 20: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

ISFM and the CRPs – CRP 1.2

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ISFM and the CRPs – CRP 1.2

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ISFM and the CRPs – CRP 1.2

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ISFM and the CRPs – CRP 5

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Statistics and ChallengesBaijukya, Fred Agronomist 100%

Birachi, EliudCastro, Aracely

Market EconomistSoil Scientist

100%30%

Dashiell, Kenton N2Africa Project leader 100%

De Wolf, Judith M&E specialist 100%

Hermann, Laetitia Microbiology Engineer 100%

Huising, Jeroen SLM Program Leader 25%

Jefwa, Joyce Microbiologist 100%

Lesueur, Didier Microbiologist 100%

Maass, Brigitte Forage Agronomist 100%

Nyagayah, Martha Nutritionist 25%

Pypers, Pieter Soil scientist 100%

Roing, KristinaSaidou, Koala

AgronomistAfrican Network Coordinator

50%50%

Vanlauwe, Bernard Soil Scientist 75%

Page 25: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

Statistics and Challenges

Page 26: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

Statistics and ChallengesSOURCE AMOUNT (US$) PROPORTION (%)TSBFUnrestricted Core 511,566 8%

Restricted Core 0 0%

Sub-total Core 511,566 8%

Restricted

Special projects 5,579,704 88%

Sub Sahara Africa CP 2,174 0%

Water and Food CP 150,000 2%

Sub Total Restricted 5,731,878 91%

Direct Expenditures 6,243,443 99%

Non Research Cost 81,506 1%

Total Expenditures 6,045,194 100%

Page 27: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

Statistics and ChallengesMajor challenges: High staff turnover Loss of specific capacity and lack of funds to replace this (e.g., socio-

economist) Very limited amounts of institutional support (far less than other

CIAT research areas Lack of support to maintain essential functions (e.g., laboratory

equipment, offices) Payment for services to different institutes (CIAT, ICRAF, etc) Complex sub-contracting processes through HQ, even for minimal

amounts of funding

[Note: Similar comments have been presented during past board meetings…]

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The future...

Page 29: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

The future...Output 1: Functional soil biodiversity with specific focus on enhancing nutrient use efficiency and other ecosystem services

Output 2: Developing ISFM principles within crop-livestock and rice-based systems and conservation agriculture for maximum productivity, profitability, and equity

Output 3: Guiding principles for maximizing water and nutrient use efficiency through locally adapted deployment of fertilizer, resilient legume germplasm, and biological inoculants

Output 4: Input and output markets and better health and nutrition as drivers for the adoption of ISFM

Output 5: Fostering dissemination of developed ISFM products and associated knowledge systems

Page 30: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

The future...

New opportunities towards a stronger TSBF and a stronger CIAT…

TSBF-CIAT – IITA alliance for soils as an example of the new CGIAR

CRP 1.2, CRP 5

Creation of a soils platform in Africa (and other regions): TSBF, IITA, ICRAF, IFDC, IPNI, etc

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The future...

Page 32: Integrated Soil Fertility Management

Thank you!