Integrated Plan to Address Drinking Water and Wastewater Needs

of Disadvantaged Communities in the Salinas Valley and

Greater Monterey County IRWM Region

A Planning Effort of the

Greater Monterey County Integrated Regional Water Management Program

Funded by:

California State Water Resources Control Board Waste Discharge Permit Fund

Grant Agreement No. 14-651-550 and Grant Agreement No. D1611302

DRAFT - September 2017

DRAFTIntegratedDrinkingWaterandWastewaterPlanforDisadvantagedCommunitiesintheSalinasValleyandGreaterMontereyCountyIRWMRegion i

DRAFT Integrated Plan to Address

Drinking Water and Wastewater Needs of Disadvantaged Communities

in the Salinas Valley and Greater Monterey County IRWM Region

A Planning Effort of the

Greater Monterey County Integrated Regional Water Management Program

Funded by:

California State Water Resources Control Board Waste Discharge Permit Fund

Grant Agreement No. 14-651-550 Grant Agreement No. D1611302

January 2015 through December 2017

September 2017 – DRAFT PLAN N

ilsen

DRAFTIntegratedDrinkingWaterandWastewaterPlanforDisadvantagedCommunitiesintheSalinasValleyandGreaterMontereyCountyIRWMRegion ii

AcknowledgementsThis planning effort was funded by the State of California through a generous grant from the StateWaterResourcesControlBoardthroughtheWasteDischargePermitFund(AgreementNumbers14-651-550 and D1611302). The planning effort was conducted on behalf of the Greater Monterey CountyIntegrated Regional Water Management (IRWM) Region. Environmental Justice Coalition for Wateracted as lead fiscal agency on behalf of the Greater Monterey County IRWM Regional WaterManagementGroup.

ThiseffortintheSalinasValleywasagroupeffortnotonlyit isexecution,butinitsconceptualization.After several efforts by then-Assemblymember Luis Alejo (D - Salinas) to fund the project throughlegislation were stymied by a then-still languishing economy, growing awareness of the impacts ofCalifornia’s historic drought and an increasingly vocal chorus of environmental justice advocateswiththeEnvironmentalJusticeCoalitionforWatercontinuedtopushforactionwithMr.Alejo.TheseeffortssuccessfullyachievedinclusionoffundsintheBudgetActof2014,sothatworkcouldbegin.

ProjectTeamTheProjectTeamresponsiblefordevelopingthisplanconsistedofthefollowingentitiesandindividuals:EnvironmentalJusticeCoalitionforWater:ColinBailey,HeatherLukacs,VicenteLara,DaisyGonzales,MonicaGurmilan,EstherMin,JosephChavez,andNaomiFarrell

GreaterMontereyCountyIRWMProgram:SusanRobinson

NilsenandAssociates:KarenNilsenandKevinBollin

RuralCommunityAssistanceCorporation:KarenMcBride

SanJerardoCooperativeInc.:HoracioAmezquita

CommunityMembersTheProjectTeamwouldliketothankallofthecommunitymemberswhovolunteeredtheirtime,sharedinformationabouttheirwaterandwastewaterissues,andwhoseparticipationmadethisPlanpossible.We are especially fortunate to have dedicated community partners in communities throughout theSalinasValleyandGreaterMontereyCounty IRWMRegionwhohaveactedas communityadvisors tothisproject and, inmany cases,haveopened theirhomesand lives toourproject teamandalso thevisitingengineeringteams.WewouldliketorecognizethemanycontributionsofSilverioandAnaMariaPerez, Enrique and Leticia Serrano, David Vera, Salvador Corona, Jesus Cano, Laura and Joe Gomez,JuliangHe, SophiaTorres, TerryandKatrinaMartinez, StevePonzio,PeteRocha,KathrynandGordonMittelsteadt, and Demetrio Jimenez Diaz.We also thank all thosewhomwe have not recognized bynameforcontributingtothisproject.

DRAFTIntegratedDrinkingWaterandWastewaterPlanforDisadvantagedCommunitiesintheSalinasValleyandGreaterMontereyCountyIRWMRegion iii

CommunityEngineeringCorpsThe Project Team would like to thank the following members of Community Engineering Corps(CECorpsorps) and EngineersWithout Borders (EWB-USA)who provided countless hours of volunteertime conducting investigations and analysis of drinking water and/or wastewater solutions for theprioritycommunitiesinthisplan:Project Leads: Clare Haas Claveau, EWB-USA, CECorps Director; Cathy Leslie, EWB-USA, ExecutiveDirector; Peter Waugh, EWB-USA (former staff); Lindsey Geiger, American Water Works Association(AWWA);LaurenButner,EWB-USA

EWB-USAKansasCityProfessionalChapter(fortheJohnsonRoadCommunity):KevinKoines,JenniferThomas,JamesMellem,JaciFerguson,MacPrather,JamesMaher,RicardoGamarra,NouraSaadi,andAdamByrnes

AWWACalifornia/NevadaSection(fortheWalnutAvenueCommunity):TarrahHenrie,ErinMcCauley,SarahPlummer,CindyBertsch,CraigThompson,andJeannieDarby

EWB-USA Cleveland State University-Ohio Student Chapter (for the Santa Teresa Community): JenWisniewski,DinaL.Nabutovsky,MoeAbed,MariluCorona,MasonLang,andNorbertDelatte

EWB-USA/CECorps Independent Project Team (for the Hudson Landing Road Community): OlgaEpstein,ThomasO’Kane,PaulPedone,SaurabhShekhar,andPhucH.Vu

EWB-USA San Jose State University Student Chapter (for theMiddlefield Road Community):NicoleGlazier,JaredGochuico,AnthonyAliaga,R.J.Asuncion,MarcoSanchez,AnthonyDiSilvestre,MeiyunLi,JohnNoe,AngelicaCabal,AlanaGuzzetta,andBartonChing

EWB-USA Kansas City Professional Chapter (for the Schoch Road Community): Kevin Koines, BryanHunt, Jennifer Thomas, Jim Mellem, Emily Robbins, Pat Moore, Justina Gonzalez, and Maeve VanLandingham

DataManagementandMapping

Thankstothefollowingentitiesandindividualswhoprovidedassistancewithdatamanagementandmapping:

CaliforniaStateUniversity,WaterResourcesandPolicyInitiatives:BoykinWitherspoonandKellyChan

CentralCoastRegionalWaterQualityControlBoard:GabrielleOstermayerandLarryHarlan

CenterforRegionalChange:SaraWatterson,BernadetteAustin-Bower,andJonathanLondon

GreenInfo:AmandaRecinosandMariannaVoge

DRAFTIntegratedDrinkingWaterandWastewaterPlanforDisadvantagedCommunitiesintheSalinasValleyandGreaterMontereyCountyIRWMRegion iv

TechnicalAdvisoryCommittee

TheProjectTeamwouldliketothanktheTechnicalAdvisoryCommitteememberswhoprovidedexpertiseandinvaluableinputoverthecourseofthisplanningeffort:EricaArriaga,JEAandAssociates

CarolinaBalazs,UniversityofCaliforniaDavis

JeffBensch,SierraWestConsulting/CommunityEngineeringCorps

KallistaBley,PopulationHealthServiceFellow

PaigeBrokaw,CaliforniaStateAssembly,CommitteeonEnvironmentalSafetyandToxicMaterials

KatieBurdick,Burdick&Company

LindseyGeiger,AmericanWaterWorksAssociation/CommunityEngineeringCorps

ClareHaasClaveau,EngineersWithoutBorder/CommunityEngineeringCorps

RichGuillen,Consultant

TarrahHenrie,CoronaEnvironmentalConsulting

ErikaHolzhauer,RuralCommunityAssistanceCorporation

AlexHuang,StateWaterResourcesControlBoard

MargieKay,NorthMontereyCountyresident

MatthewKeeling,CentralCoastRegionalWaterQualityControlBoard

ElizabethKrafft,MontereyCountyWaterResourcesAgency

DanielMadrigal,CaliforniaDepartmentofPublicHealth,EnvironmentalHealthDepartment

DarrenMcBain,MontereyCountyLocalAgencyFormationCommission(LAFCO)

JeannettePantoja,formerlywithBuildingHealthyCommunities-EastSalinasandCaliforniaRuralLegalAssistance

TracyPerkins,VoicesintheValley

CarlPeters,SanVicenteWaterMutualCompany

JohnRamirez,MontereyCountyDepartmentofPublicHealth,EnvironmentalHealthBureau,DrinkingWaterProgram

MagdalenaRuiz,CommunityMember

CherylSandoval,MontereyCountyDepartmentofPublicHealth,EnvironmentalHealthBureau,DrinkingWaterProgram

ChadSeidel,CoronaEnvironmentalConsulting

MeghanTosney,StateWaterResourcesControlBoard

TamaraVoss,MontereyCountyWaterResourcesAgency

EdWaggoner,PublicMember(formerWaterResourcesManager,CityofSoledad)

DRAFTIntegratedDrinkingWaterandWastewaterPlanforDisadvantagedCommunitiesintheSalinasValleyandGreaterMontereyCountyIRWMRegion v

TableofContents

ExecutiveSummaryChapter1.Introduction

ProjectBackgroundObjectivesofthePlan

AbouttheGreaterMontereyCountyIRWMRegionSalinasValleyDisadvantagedCommunityPlanProjectTeamLegislativeandRegulatoryContextRelatedStudiesandReportsLayoutofthePlanChapter2.IdentifyingDisadvantagedCommunities

ProjectContext:PhysicalSetting,Economy,WaterResourcesDefiningParameters

IdentifyingDisadvantagedCommunitiesIdentifying“Suspected”DisadvantagedCommunitiesIdentifyingSmallDisadvantagedandSuspectedDisadvantagedCommunitieswithPotentialDrinkingWaterProblemsDisadvantagedCommunityDatabaseChapter3.IdentifyingDrinkingWaterandWastewaterProblems

RegulatoryContextCommonProblemsofSmallDisadvantagedCommunitiesOutreachtoSmallDisadvantagedCommunitiesOutreachtoDisadvantagedCommunity“Places”andLargeWaterSystems

Chapter4.IdentifyingSolutions

IdentifyingSolutionsforHighPriorityCommunities:OverviewoftheProcessCommunity#1:JohnsonRoad

Community#2:WalnutAvenueCommunity#3:AppleAvenueCommunity#4:SantaTeresaVillage

Community#5:HudsonLandingRoadCommunity#6:MiddlefieldRoadCommunity#7:SchochRoadNextStepsforOtherHighPriorityCommunities:FocusAreasforFutureWork

DRAFTIntegratedDrinkingWaterandWastewaterPlanforDisadvantagedCommunitiesintheSalinasValleyandGreaterMontereyCountyIRWMRegion vi

Chapter5.OtherRelatedEffortsandConsiderations

CurrentRelatedEfforts,Programs,andRecentDevelopments

ObstaclesFundingOpportunities

Chapter6.RecommendationsSummaryofWorkAchieved

RecommendationsLookingAheadReferences

ListofTables

Table2.1SummaryStatisticsforGroundwaterNitrateConcentrations(NO3-N)inShallowGroundwaterinSalinasValley

Table2.2DisadvantagedCommunityStatusofUSCensus“Places”intheGreaterMontereyCountyIRWMRegionfrom2013–2015(ACSFive-YearEstimates)

Table2.3SmallDisadvantagedandSuspectedDisadvantagedCommunitiesintheGreaterMontereyCountyIRWMRegionLikelytohaveDrinkingWaterorWastewaterProblems

Table3.1PreliminaryoutreachtoSmallDisadvantagedandSuspectedDisadvantagedCommunities:SummaryofDrinkingWaterandWastewaterIssues

Table3.2PrioritizationMatrixToolTable3.3HighPriorityCommunitiesTable3.4MediumPriorityCommunitiesTable3.5LowPriorityCommunitiesTable3.6WaterQualityDataforSmallWaterSystemsinDisadvantagedandSuspectedDisadvantaged

CommunitiesTable3.7SummaryofDrinkingWaterandWastewaterIssuesandRecommendationsforDisadvantaged

Community“Places”Table4.1SummaryofNextStepsandRecommendationsforallHighPriorityDisadvantagedand

SuspectedDisadvantagedCommunitiesTable4.2WaterSystemSummaryfortheSevenHighPriorityCommunities

Table4.3WaterSystemsComprisingtheJohnsonRoadCommunityTable4.4JohnsonRoad–EconomicEvaluationofAlternativesTable4.5WalnutAvenue–EconomicEvaluationofAlternatives

Table4.6SantaTeresaVillage–EconomicEvaluationofAlternativesTable4.7WaterSystemsComprisingtheHudsonLandingRoadCommunityTable4.8HudsonLandingRoad–EconomicEvaluationofPreferredAlternativesTable4.9MiddlefieldRoad–EconomicEvaluationofAlternatives

Table4.10SchochRoadWaterSystems Table4.11SchochRoad–EconomicEvaluationofAlternatives

DRAFTIntegratedDrinkingWaterandWastewaterPlanforDisadvantagedCommunitiesintheSalinasValleyandGreaterMontereyCountyIRWMRegion vii

ListofFigures

Figure1.1GreaterMontereyCountyIRWMRegionBoundariesFigure2.1Sub-basinsoftheSalinasValleyGroundwaterBasinFigure2.2AgriculturalandUrbanWaterUseTrendsinAcre-Feet/Year,1970-2014

Figure2.3ImpairedSurfaceWatersintheGreaterMontereyCountyIRWMRegionFigure2.4DisadvantagedCommunityPlaces,Tracts,andBlockGroupsintheGreaterMontereyCounty

IRWMRegionFigure2.5DisadvantagedCommunityPlaces,Tracts,andBlockGroupsCombined,from2013–2015

Figure2.6MapCollaborator,exampleofDisadvantagedCommunitiesFigure2.7MapCollaborator,exampleofCalEnviroScreenIndicatorsFigure2.8ExampleofMapCollaboratorshowing“PeopleinPoverty”Figure2.9ExampleofMapCollaboratorshowingAttributeDataforNitrateLevelsFigure2.10ExampleofMapCollaboratorshowingnitratedata,waterdistrictserviceareas,and

disadvantagedcommunityboundariesFigure2.11AreasofnitratecontaminationindisadvantagedandsuspecteddisadvantagedcommunitiesFigure3.1SeawaterIntrusionintheSalinasValleyPressure180-FootAquiferFigure3.2SeawaterIntrusionintheSalinasValleyPressure400-FootAquifer

Figure3.3High,medium,andlowprioritydisadvantagedandsuspecteddisadvantagedcommunities

Figure4.1LocationoftheselectedhighprioritycommunitiesandnearbylargewaterutilitiesFigure4.2JohnsonRoadcommunityboundaryandwatersystemsFigure4.3JohnsonRoad–proposedwatermainalignmentforconsolidationFigure4.4WalnutAvenuesystem’slocationinrelationtotheCityofGreenfieldFigure4.5WalnutAvenueWaterSystem#2-nitrateconcentrationhistoricaltrends

Figure4.6PossiblelocationsforanewwellfortheWalnutAvenuecommunityFigure4.7AppleAvenuewatersystemsFigure4.8SantaTeresaVillageFigure4.9Proposedplacementofpipeline

Figure4.10HudsonLandingRoadcommunitylocationFigure4.11ExampleofnitratetrendsfromwelltestingattwosmallwatersystemsinHudsonLanding

RoadcommunityFigure4.12NitratetrendsinMiddlefieldRoadcommunity2001-2016Figure4.13Possibleconnectionstothetwonearestlocalwaterutilities:GabilanWaterUtility

andCalWater.

Figure4.14SchochRoadwatersystemsFigure4.15Focusareasforfuturework

DRAFTIntegratedDrinkingWaterandWastewaterPlanforDisadvantagedCommunitiesintheSalinasValleyandGreaterMontereyCountyIRWMRegion viii

Appendices

Appendix1.1OriginalGrantAgreement,October2014Appendix1.2GrantExtension,June2017

Appendix1.3AssemblyBill1630(Alejo)TextAppendix2.1DisadvantagedCommunitiesandEconomicallyDistressedAreasinMontereyCountywith

HighNitrateLevelsin2014and2015Appendix3.1OutreachQuestionnairetoSmallCommunitiesRegardingDrinkingWaterandWastewater

IssuesAppendix4.1JohnsonRoadProjectProposal

Appendix4.2JohnsonRoadCECorpsFinalDesignReportAppendix4.3WalnutAvenueProjectProposalAppendix4.4WalnutAvenueCECorpsFinalDesignReport

Appendix4.5WalnutAvenueCECorpsFinalDesignReportforWastewaterAppendix4.6SantaTeresaProjectProposalAppendix4.7SantaTeresaCECorpsFinalDesignReportAppendix4.8HudsonLandingRoadProjectProposal

Appendix4.9HudsonLandingRoadCECorpsFinalDesignReportAppendix4.10MiddlefieldRoadProjectProposalAppendix4.11MiddlefieldRoadCECorpsFinalDesignReportAppendix4.12SchochRoadProjectProposal

Appendix4.13SchochRoadCECorpsFinalDesignReport

DRAFTIntegratedDrinkingWaterandWastewaterPlanforDisadvantagedCommunitiesintheSalinasValleyandGreaterMontereyCountyIRWMRegion ix

AcronymsandAbbreviations

AB AssemblyBill

AMBAG AssociationofMontereyBayAreaGovernments

AWWA AmericanWaterWorksAssociation

CalAm CaliforniaAmericanWaterCompany

CalWater CaliforniaWaterService

CDBG CommunityDevelopmentBlockGrant

CDP CensusDesignatedPlace

CDPH CaliforniaDepartmentofPublicHealth

CECorps CommunityEngineeringCorps

CPUC CaliforniaPublicUtilitiesCommission

Cr-6 HexavalentChromium(alsochromium-6)

CRLA CaliforniaRuralLegalAssistance

CSD CommunityServiceDistrict

DAC DisadvantagedCommunity

EDA EconomicallyDistressedArea

EHB EnvironmentalHealthBureau(MontereyCounty)

EJCW EnvironmentalJusticeCoalitionforWater

GAMA GroundwaterAmbientMonitoringandAssessment

Gg Gigagrams

ILRP IrrigatedLandsRegulatoryProgram

IRWM IntegratedRegionalWaterManagement

LAFCO LocalAgencyFormationCommission

LPA LocalPrimacyAgency

MCL MaximumContaminantLevel

MCWRA MontereyCountyWaterResourcesAgency

MDD MaximumDailyDemand

mg/L milligramsperliter

µg/L microgramsperliter

MHI MedianHouseholdIncome

MSR MunicipalServiceReview

MWC MutualWaterCompany

NEPA NationalEnvironmentalPolicyAct

NL NotificationLevel

NO3 Nitrate

DRAFTIntegratedDrinkingWaterandWastewaterPlanforDisadvantagedCommunitiesintheSalinasValleyandGreaterMontereyCountyIRWMRegion x

NO3-N NitrateasNitrogen

O&M OperationandMaintenance

POE PointofEntry(watertreatmentsystem)

POU PointofUse(watertreatmentsystem)

PSMCSD Pajaro/SunnyMesaCommunityServicesDistrict

RCAC RuralCommunitiesAssistanceCorporation

RO ReverseOsmosis

RWMG RegionalWaterManagementGroup

RWQCB RegionalWaterQualityControlBoard(alsoRegionalWaterBoard)

SB SenateBill

SDAC SeverelyDisadvantagedCommunity

SRF StateRevolvingFund

SWRCB StateWaterResourcesControlBoard(alsoStateWaterBoard)

TAC TechnicalAdvisoryCommittee

TCP 1,2,3-trichloropropane

TDS TotalDissolvedSolids

TMF Technical,Managerial,andFinancial

UCDavis UniversityofCalifornia,Davis

UCLA UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles

USDA UnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture

USGS UnitedStatesGeologicalSurvey

WDR WasteDischargeRequirement

WS WaterSystem

WWTF WastewaterTreatmentFacility