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Page 1: INSTITUT JACQUES MONOD - 85.31.219.20685.31.219.206/COM-ENP/ENPDAYS2017/Livrets Centres... · 1 Institut Jacques Monod Director Giuseppe Baldacci The Institut Jacques Monod is one

INSTITUT JACQUES MONOD

1- Genetics and Development of the Cerebral Cortex (PI, Alessandra Pierani) ......................................... 2

2- Membrane Traffic In Health and Pathology (PI, Thierry Galli) ................................................................ 3

Page 2: INSTITUT JACQUES MONOD - 85.31.219.20685.31.219.206/COM-ENP/ENPDAYS2017/Livrets Centres... · 1 Institut Jacques Monod Director Giuseppe Baldacci The Institut Jacques Monod is one

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Institut Jacques Monod

Director Giuseppe Baldacci

The Institut Jacques Monod is one of the main centers for basic research in biology in the Paris

region, funded jointly by the CNRS and the University Paris Diderot (UMR 7592). The Institut

Jacques Monod is housed in a modern building, located on the University Paris-Diderot's campus

on the Paris Left-Bank.

Some 300 people work at the Institute (tenured investigators, Ph.D. students, post-docs,

technicians, engineers, French and foreign visitors, and administrative staff) which is headed by

Giuseppe Baldacci, professor at the University of Paris-Diderot. Research at the interface of

biology with physics, mathematics, chemistry and medicine is strongly encouraged. There are

three main Research Topics and two transverse Research axes.

Research topics

Genome and chromosome dynamics

Cellular dynamics and signaling

Development and evolution

Research axes

Quantitative biology and modeling

Molecular and cellular pathologies

To accompany its research, the Institut Jacques Monod has developed a number of important

core facilities, which all offer state-of-the art instrumentation and expertise in the fields of flow

cytometry, electron and photonic microscopy, proteomics, transgenesis and quantitative analysis

of the transcription products of the genome. Supervised by investigators and highly specialized

engineers, the various services on offer have the quadruple vocation of research, service,

expertise and transfer of knowledge. Created to provide access to ultramodern technologies,

they are open for use by investigators from both the academic and privately-funded research

communities.

CONTACT :

Dr. Alessandra PIERANI

INSTITUT JACQUES-MONOD

CNRS UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot

15 rue Hélène Brion

75205 PARIS CEDEX 13

[email protected]

+33 1 57 27 81 25 / 81 26

Dr. Thierry GALLI

Group Leader, INSERM ERL U950

INSTITUT JACQUES-MONOD

CNRS UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot

15 rue Hélène Brion

75205 PARIS CEDEX 13

[email protected]

+33 6 64 35 85 97

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Presentation of the research groups affiliated to ENP:

1- Genetics and Development of the Cerebral Cortex (PI, Alessandra Pierani)

The neocortex controls sensory perception, motor behaviours and cognitive functions. These

functions rely on a complex architecture of neural networks that begins to be established during

embryonic development. This early developmental phase constitutes a major step in the

functional emergence of brain circuits. Indeed, studies in the past decades have revealed that

abnormal brain development participates to the etiology of several neurological and psychiatric

disorders including epilepsy, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders or obsessive-compulsive

behaviours.

Our team made major contributions in the field of cortical development by identifying subtypes

of neurons, which have unique characteristics of high motility, cell non autonomous function and

transient life span during cortical development. We showed that life, but also death, of these

transient neurons play crucial roles in the construction of functional and dysfunctional circuits. Notably, persistence of transient neurons during postnatal life is detected in pathological

conditions, thereby opening the intriguing possibility that the lack of their disappearance may be

contributing to dysfunction of cortical circuits.

Our projects aim at the molecular characterization of how migrating transient neurons function

as organizers of cortical development and at testing how manipulating their number and survival

affects wiring of normal and pathological neural circuits in mouse models. We have produced the

first mouse model in which transient neurons survive to adulthood and shown that their death is

also required for the proper development of cortical circuits and animal behaviour. We employ a

multidisciplinary approach including mouse genetics (cell tracing and ablation, gene knock-out),

pharmacological and genetic manipulation during embryogenesis using in vitro and in utero

paradigms including electroporation together with transcriptome profiling, mathematical

modeling and migration studies at single-cell resolution by timelapse microscopy. Furthermore,

in collaboration we also use axonal tracing, electrophysiology, optogenetics and phenotyping

using behavioural tests.

- Ledonne F., Orduz D., Mercier J., Vigier L., Grove E.A., Tissir F., Angulo M.C., Pierani A. and Coppola. E.

Targeted inactivation of Bax reveals subtype-specific mechanism of Cajal-Retzius neuron death in the

postnatal cerebral cortex. Cell Reports (2016), 17, 3133–3141.

- Freret-Hodara B., Cui Y., Griveau A., Vigier L., Arai Y., Touboul J. and Pierani A. Enhanced

abventricular proliferation compensates cell death in the embryonic cerebral cortex. Cereb Cortex

(2016) Sept 12; doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhw264.

- Barber, M., Arai, Y., Morishita, Y., Vigier, L., Causeret, F., Borello, U., Ledonne, F., Coppola, E.,

Contremoulins, V., Pfrieger, F.W., Tissir, F., Govindan, S., Jabaudon, D., Proux-Gillardeaux, V., Galli, T.

and Pierani, A. Migration speed of Cajal-Retzius cells modulated by vesicular trafficking controls the

size of higher-order cortical areas. Current Biol. (2015), 25, 2466-2478. Epub 2015 Sep 17.

Research Highlight in Nature Reviews Neuroscience (2015), 16, 644-645

- Causeret, F., Sumia, I. and Pierani A. Kremen1 and Dickkopf1 control cell survival in a Wnt-

independent manner. Cell Death and Differentiation (2015), Jul 24. doi: 10.1038/cdd.2015.100.

- Barber, M. and Pierani, A. Tangential migration of glutamatergic neurons and cortical patterning

during development: lessons from Cajal-Retzius cells. Review. Developmental Neurobiology (2015),

Nov 18. doi: 10.1002/dneu.22363. [Epub ahead of print] (Review)

http://www.ijm.fr/en/research/research-groups/cortex-cerebral/

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2- Membrane Traffic In Health and Pathology (PI, Thierry Galli)

Membrane trafficking allows for the communication between the different membrane

compartments of the biosynthetic and endocytic pathways and for the communication between

cells and their environment through the secretion of signalling molecules by exocytosis and

capture of nutrients by endocytosis. Exocytosis and endocytosis are crucial to maintain cell

homeostasis and are also involved in differentiation and morphogenesis of cells. The aim of the

team is to understand the basic mechanisms and the regulation of membrane trafficking in the

context of brain development and plasticity and cancer. Our working hypothesis is that

exocytosis is responsible for the release and expression at the plasma membrane of proteins

that are important for cell migration, outgrowth of axons and dendrites, formation and

maintenance of cell-cell contacts (including synapses), and the repair and plasticity of neuronal

and epithelial cells. We are also interested in the role and regulation of ER-plasma membrane

contact sites in neurite growth. We use classical techniques of cellular and molecular biology with

special emphasis on live cell imaging and proteomics, as well as biophysical approaches to study

membrane dynamics, adhesion and fusion in vitro. Our models include mutant mice, cultured

neuronal and epithelial cells, and the reconstitution of proteins into artificial membranes.

- Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Associations:Structures and Functions. Gallo A, Vannier C,

Galli T. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2016 Oct 6;32:279-301 (review). DOI : 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-111315-

125024

- Ghosh D, Pinto S, Danglot L, Vandewauw I, Segal A, Van Ranst N, Benoit M, Janssens A, Vennekens R,

Vanden Berghe P, Galli T, Vriens J, Voets T. (2016). VAMP7 regulates constitutive membrane

incorporation of the cold-activated channel TRPM8. Nature Comm. 7:10489. doi:

10.1038/ncomms10489

- Molino D, Nola S, Lam SM, Verraes A, Proux-Gillardeaux V, Boncompain G, Perez F, Wenk M, Shui G,

Danglot L, Galli T. (2015) Role of tetanus neurotoxin insensitive vesicle-associated membrane protein in

membrane domains transport and homeostasis. Cellular logistics:e1025182.

- Kuster A, Nola S, Dingli F, Vacca B, Gauchy C, Beaujouan JC, Nunez M, Moncion T, Loew D, Formstecher

E, Galli T*, Proux-Gillardeaux V*. (2015). The Q-Soluble-N-Ethylmaleimide-Sensitive Factor Attachment

Protein Receptor (Q-SNARE) SNAP-47 Regulates Trafficking of Selected Vesicle-Associated Membrane

Proteins (VAMPs). J Biol Chem. 290:28056-28069. pii: jbc.M115.666362

- Petkovic M, Jemaiel A, Daste F, Specht CG, Izeddin I, Vorkel D, Verbavatz JM, Darzacq X, Triller A,

Pfenninger KH, Tareste D, Jackson CL, Galli T. (2014). The SNARE Sec22b has a non-fusogenic function in

plasma membrane expansion. Nat Cell Biol, 16(5):434-444. doi: 10.1038/ncb2937.

http://www.ijm.fr/en/research/research-groups/membrane-traffic-health-disease/