Insolation: The amount of solar radiation that reaches a given area

http://hendrix2.uoregon.edu/~imamura/102/images/insolation.spreading.by.latitude.jpg

http://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/~pogge/Ast161/Unit2/Images/insolation.gif

http://goose.ycp.edu/~kkleiner/envbio/envimages/L6climate/Global%20Solar%20Insolation.jpg

Electromagnetic Spectrum

http://www.ces.fau.edu/nasa/images/Energy/VisibleLightSpectrum.jpg

Light is reflected…. The wavelength does not change

http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/lightandcolor/images/reflectionsfigure2.jpg

Albedo: A Measure of How Well a Surface Reflects Light

http://scienceblogs.com/startswithabang/files/2013/08/Albedo-1.jpg

Heat vs Temperature

http://www.gcsescience.com/pen3-heat-temperature.htm

Latent Heat: Heat released or absorbed when a

substance changes state

http://theresilientearth.com/files/images/latent_heat_release.jpg

http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hPhwFnJUrTI/T0dmPxilMcI/AAAAAAAABZg/Y9ZYONyXf3w/s1600/latent-heat.JPG

When water evaporates, it takes up heat (cooling the local environment).

When water vapor condenses, it releases latent heat, heating up the local environment, usually the air.

See more at: http://sxxz.blogspot.com/2010/09/latent-heat-sweat-storms-and-cooling.html#sthash.qQ59mhEq.dpuf

http://eo.ucar.edu/webweather/images/water_state2.gif

Evaporation is used to cool the bodies of many animals. Sweat evaporating from the skin makes it possible for us to deal with hot weather. On a hot day in dry weather, a person can lose more than a liter of water by evaporation of sweat. Think of the amount of heat it would take to boil away a liter of water.

http://sxxz.blogspot.com/2010/09/latent-heat-sweat-storms-and-cooling.html#sthash.qQ59mhEq.dpuf

http://inspectapedia.com/aircond/1209s.jpg

Specific Heat = the energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of material by 1 °C (1.8°F)

http://www.mrsciguy.com/EarthScience/referencetables/specificheat.jpg

http://www.toondoo.com//public/d/a/n/DanielMcKenzie/toons/cool-cartoon-6195393.png

Because water has a high specific heat, it can absorb large amounts of heat energy before it begins to get hot. It also means that water releases heat energy slowly when situations cause it to cool. Water's high specific heat allows for the moderation of the Earth's climate and helps organisms regulate their body temperature more effectively.

http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/155234/

Summer TemperatureHow do coastal temperatures compare with

inland temperatures?

http://www.mattnoyes.net/.a/6a00d83451c01c69e2016305b5efeb970d-500wi

Winter TemperatureHow do coastal temperatures compare

with inland temperatures?

http://contours.weatherforyou.com/contours/wx4u_320x240/currents/usme_temperature_i5_points.png

Electromagnetic SpectrumUV Light is one form of energy the Earth receives from the sun. UV has a shorter wavelength than visible, and is energetic enough to cause sun burns, skin cancer and other problems.

http://www.badgerbalm.com/uploads/images/electromangetic-spectrum-uv.JPG

UVC, the ultraviolet light with the shortest wavelength is completely removed by ozone. Most of UVB (the

second most energetic) is absorbed.

http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/resources/highschool/chemmatters/past-issues/archive-2012-2013/ozone-layer-our-global-sunscreen/_jcr_content/mainContent/columnsbootstrap/column0/textimage_0/image.img.jpg/1368218980203.jpg

http://irons.conroeisd.net/Teachers/apell/0F73BE42-00870B2F.3/UV%2520rays.gif?src=.gif?src=.BMP

Without the ozone layer, life on Earth would not survive.

Ozone constantly forms and breaks down in the stratosphere as it absorbs UV

http://forces.si.edu/atmosphere/images/media/library_021_lg.jpg

Products that Contain Ozone Destroying Chemicals

http://www.ozone-hole.org.uk/images/05a.jpg

http://image.slidesharecdn.com/cp105-140112124142-phpapp01/95/ozone-depletion-and-the-montreal-protocol-8-638.jpg?cb=1389552133

http://www.geo.hunter.cuny.edu/tbw/wc.notes/1.atmosphere/new_pa5.jpg

The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty signed in 1987 to phase out the use of chemicals that damage ozone in the stratosphere.

http://www.climate.org/topics/images/ozone-depleting-substances.jpg

http://scijinks.jpl.nasa.gov/review/weather-v-climate/Earth-lighting-winter-solstice-L.png

http://www.geog.ucsb.edu/~joel/g110_w08/lecture_notes/sun_angle/agburt02_12.jpg

Heat is Transferred by 3 Methods:

• Radiation• Convection• Conduction

http://okfirst.mesonet.org/images/cond_conv_rad_small.jpg

Light from the sun contains all wavelengths of the visible spectrum. Wavelengths can be absorbed, reflected, or scattered.

The sky appears blue because blue light is scattered by gases in the air.

http://www.sciencemadesimple.com/img_sky/bluesky.jpg

Some clouds appear white because the tiny droplets of water or ice crystals scatter all wavelengths of light. All the wavelengths combined (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet) create white light.

Some clouds appear dark because they are too thick to allow all light to pass through.

Rainbows are visible when water droplets refract light. Each wavelength (color) is bent

(refracted) a different amount.

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-XkfkdAUCUb8/UhCDygujEjI/AAAAAAAAFXM/cEzv5tpDY7Y/s1600/pelangi-kehidupan.jpg

Earth’s Energy Budget

What happens to energy from the sun when it enters Earth’s atmosphere?

https://www.ucar.edu/learn/images/radiate.gif

High Albedo Surfaces Reflect Much of the Light Which Strikes It

http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/Clouds/Images/albedo.jpg

What happens to the Earth’s energy budget as polar ice caps shrink?

http://www.nrdc.org/globalwarming/images/qthinice1.jpg