Initiatives of DUDBC and ERRRP in Promoting Earthquake Safe Construction

Practice in Nepal

Presented By Amrit Man Tuladhar, Senior Divisional Engineer

Ministry of Physical Planning and Works Department of Urban Development and Building Construction

BabarMahal, Kathmandu and

National Program Managerg gUNDP/ERRRP Project

email: amritmtuladhar@yahoo.com Presented on

National Symposium on Experiences in Disaster Risk Reduction and Response

13-14 January, 2010 :

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Plate Tectonics

2

Movements of PlatesMovements of Plates

3

Continental Drift Indian Plate to Eurasian Plate

Seismic Hazard of NepalSeismic Hazard of Nepal

Map courtesy: National Seismological Centre, Department of Mines and Geology, Lainchour, Kathmandou, Nepal

PICTURE OF GUJRAT EARTHQUAKE : 2001 (6.9 R/S)

DAMAGE CAUSED BY THE EARTHQAUKE IN AN NEIGHBOURHOOD

Earthquake in Pakistan

Date : Oct 8, 2005

7.6 Richter scale.

73 000 l di d

Scenario in IslamabadPakistan after EQ

73,000 people died

70,000 people wounded and Pakistan after EQdisabled.

2 8 mill people without shelter2.8 mill people without shelter

2.3 mill people without food

Earthquake in China : May 12, 2008 (7.8 Richter scale)

Bhutan Earthquake 21st Sept 2009

• Magnitude: 6.3Magnitude: 6.3• Epicenter : Narang

under Mongar district in the eastthe east

• Focal depth: ~14 kms• Aftershocks : almost daily

Time : 1453 h (BST)• Time : 1453 hrs (BST)

Bhutan Earthquake 21st Sept 2009

Next Earthquake ?

Area of seismicArea of seismic gap

Map courtesy: National Seismological Centre, Department of Mines and Geology,

Glimpse of 1934 Earthquake in NepalGlimpse of 1934 Earthquake in Nepal

Before EarthquakeAfter Earthquake

Picture of Patan Durbar Square

After 1934 earthquake Before 1934 earthquake

Glimpse of 1934 Earthquake in NepalGlimpse of 1934 Earthquake in Nepal

Before Earthquake After Earthquake

1988 Earthquake, Eastern Nepal

Nepal National Building CodeN l N ti l B ildi C d i i 23 V l Nepal National Building Code is available in

CD as well as in websiteNepal National Building Code is in 23 Volumes

SN Activities Date Remarks

Status of Nepal National Building code : Chronological OrderStatus of Nepal National Building code : Chronological OrderSN Activities Date Remarks

1 After 1988 earthquake (6.7 Richter Scale ) in eastern Nepal- 721 v people died- More than 20,000 houses was damaged

National Building code Development Project was formulated on 1992-93

NBC felt very necessity

2 Nepal National Building code Developed (20 Volumes)

1994 UNDP/Habitat Support

3 Building Act 2055 2055 Asadh 18th. Raj Patra (Gazette)

4 NBC was Revised and updated 2060 Baisakh (2004) DUDBCp ( )

5 Three more code developedi) Architectural Design Requirementsii) Electrical Design Requirementsiii) Sanitary and Plumbing Design Requirements

2060 Jestha DUDBC

6 NBC implementation Strategy was developed 2060 Jesth-Asadh DUDBC

7 NBC and NBC implementation Strategy was approved by Cabinet

2060 Shrawan 12th. Raj Patra (Gazette)

8 NBC was implemented for all Govt. Buildings 2060 Shrawan 12th. DUDBCDUDBCp g

9 Application form and checklist was developed for NBC implementation in the municipalities

2060 Mansir DUDBCDUDBC

10 NBC was implemented for 58 municipalities and 121 VDCs

2062 Falgun 1st. (2006) Raj Patra (Gazette)121 VDCs

11 Building Act 2055 Revision 2064 Bhadra 14th.(2008) Raj Patra (Gazette)

Activities: Initiatives of DUDBC in Earthquake Risk ReductionDUDBC is enforcing the National Building code in all governmentalDUDBC is enforcing the National Building code in all governmental

buildings and at the same time it is also enforcing the code in the privatebuildings through municipalities. DUDBC disseminates NBC nation wide

Different training programs had been organized : More than 350 Nos. of/ fEngineer/ Architects and more than 450 nos. of sub engineer had been

trained how to use of NBCDUDBC has prepared building constructing Guidelines in simple Nepali

language based on NBC DUDBC trained more than 7500 masons all overlanguage based on NBC. DUDBC trained more than 7500 masons all overthe country for earthquakes safe building construction.

Organized various symposium, workshops about use of NBC. Alsoestablished hoarding boards in different parts in Kathmandu and outsideth ll lthe valley also.

Published various poster, pamphlets, booklets, hording boards aboutNBC.

Retrofitting of existing vulnerable Government buildings RecentlyRetrofitting of existing vulnerable Government buildings. RecentlyDUDBC is implanting Retrofitting work for Free Clinic Building atChhetrapati, Kathmandu.In an attempt towards dissemination NBC, DUDBC is actively involved inp , y

organizing earthquake safety day every year on 2nd Magh.

Achievements

Achievements

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E h k Ri k R d i dEarthquake Risk Reduction and Recovery Preparedness Programme 

for Nepal(UNDP/ERRRP Project)( / j )

Project InitiationThe program is designed in UNDP/BCPR (Bureau of Crisisp g gthe context of the International Recovery Platform (IRP) for the

UNDP/BCPR (Bureau of Crisis Prevention and Recovery) with the support of Government of Japan initiated "Earthquake Risk

fulfillment of the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005-2015: (World C f Di t

qReduction and Recovery Preparedness (ERRRP) program" in five high risk South Asian

Conference on Disaster Reduction : Jan. 2005 Kobe, Japan)

countries : • Nepal • Bhutan UNDP/BCRP’s (UNDP/BCRP’s (Bureau of Crisis• Bangladesh • India

P ki t

UNDP/BCRP s (UNDP/BCRP s (Bureau of Crisis Prevention and Recovery) 2004 2004 ReportReport:: : : Nepal is the 11th rank in Nepal is the 11th rank in the world in vulnerability to the world in vulnerability to

• Pakistan.earthquakes hazardsearthquakes hazards..

ERRRP Project is a means to enable local governments for systematic implementation ofERRRP Project is a means to enable local governments for systematic implementation of Earthquake Risk Reduction

ERRP Project for 5 South Asian Countries

NepalP ki t

Bhutan

Pakistan

BangladeshIndiaZone 0 MM V and Below

Zone 1 MM VI

Zone 2 MM VII

Zone 3 MM VIII

Zone 4 MM IX and above

ERRP Project in NepalImplementing Organizations and it's roles

• Ministry of Physical Planning and Works (MOPPW)• Ministry of Physical Planning and Works (MOPPW)Department of Urban Development and Building Construction (DUDBC) and related Division Offices : Responsible for the overall implementation of the projectimplementation of the project

Ministry of Home Affairs: Responsible for inter-ministerial coordinationcoordination

• Ministry of Local Development: Responsible for inter-municipality coordination as the focal agencymunicipality coordination as the focal agency

• Selected Municipalities: Responsible for the municipality level activities of the projectlevel activities of the project

Earthquake Risk Reduction and Recovery Preparedness Programme for Nepal

Proposed Project Municipalities

Kathmandu

Dhangadhi Surkhet

Pokhara

(Central Office)

Eastern Development

Region

Hetauda

Region

Biratnagar

ACHIEVEMENTS 2009 Earthquake risk and vulnerability assessment of 5 selected

i i liti l t dmunicipalities completedMAJOR ACTIVITIES

Activity 1 Earthquake risk vulnerability and capacity assessment conducted inActivity 1. Earthquake risk, vulnerability and capacity assessment conducted in the project areas : ICE Material, video documentary, Radio Spot Program, various Trainings etc.

Activity 2. Prepare Municipal Profile and Report on “Impact of Settlement pattern, y p p p p p ,land use practice and option in high risk areas of municipalities

Activity 3. Preparation of recommendation for update of Nepal National Building Code

Activity 4. Preparation of Review Report on existing government and municipal policies on earthquake risk reduction, preparedness and response.

Activity 5. Preparation of Seismic Vulnerability Evaluation Guideline for Private and Public Building (For pre disaster vulnerability and post disaster damage assessment)

A ti it 6 S l ti d i d t ti ti f t l t 1 bli b ildi iActivity 6. Selection, design and cost estimation of at least 1 public building in each of the Municipalities for Demonstrative Seismic Retrofitting works

Activity 1. Preparation of IEC Materials• Two Earthquake awareness and q

three Technical posters on Earthquake safe constructions are published in English version

New Brochure of UNDP/ERRRP Project T-Shirt

Booklet on Earthquake Awareness

• New project brochure published

• PSA (Radio Spot) about earthquakePSA (Radio Spot) about earthquake awareness in FM finalized and Ready to broadcast through Ujyalo Network (66 FM Stations all across the country for 30 days)

Activity 2: Assessment of program municipalities in terms of Earthquake Risk and vulnerability and Prepare Municipal Profile and Report on “Impact of Settlement pattern land useProfile and Report on Impact of Settlement pattern, land use practice and option in high risk areas of municipalities

P Fi l R t P dProgress : Final Reports are Prepared.

• Report presented at BirendranagarMunicipality for feed back (22nd. July 2009)2009)

• Biratnagar Municipality (1st. Sep.2009)

• Pokhara Sub Metropolitan City (23rd. January 2009)

Activity 3: Preparation of Review Report on existing government and municipal policies on earthquake risk reduction, preparedness and response and prepare report

Progress : The Report had been completed

• Interaction were done with municipal officials, p ,DUDBC Division office / municipal engineers, Designers, Constructors and Local House owners etc.

• The presentation about this report was also organized in Pokhara Sub-Metropolitan city on 21 July, 2009

• This Report was also review by Dr. Kenji Okazaki, National Graduate Institute for Policy Study (GRIPS), Japan.

Activity 4. Preparation of recommendation for update of Nepal National Building Code

Progress : Preparation of recommendation for update of Nepal National Building Code completedp

• The report was presented at Workshop organized by DUDBC on 29th J 200929th. June, 2009

• Engineers from DUDBC, NEA, experts of NBC Municipalities, various organization were participated (65organization were participated (65 Nos),

• The report was also reviewed by Dr. Kenji Okajaki, GRIPS, Japan

Activity 5 : Preparation of Seismic Vulnerability Evaluation Guideline for Private and Public Building (For pre disaster vulnerability and post disaster damage assessment)vulnerability and post disaster damage assessment)

Progress : The evaluationGuidelines had beenGuidelines had been prepared (2 Volumes) i:e Task had been completed

NSET has s bmitted Final• NSET has submitted Final Evaluation Guidelines

• Presentation at DUDBC hall onPresentation at DUDBC hall on 17th. Sept. 2009.

Activity 6. Structural Vulnerability Assessment Reports / Design and Cost EstimateProgress : Task had been completedg p

Demonstrative Seismic Retrofitting works at 5 Municipalities are on progress5 Municipalities are on progress

1.Progress :•After seismic vulnerableAfter seismic vulnerable assessments of 5 buildings, preparation of design/drawing/cost g gestimation for retrofitting works completed

•Seismic Retrofitting works

TRI NAGAR HIGH SCHOOLDHANGADI MUNICIPALITY

•Seismic Retrofitting works on progress

DHANGADI MUNICIPALITY

Demonstrative Seismic Retrofitting works at MunicipalitiesMunicipalities

2. 3.

OFFICE BUILDING, WARD NO. 3

BIRATNAGAR SUB METROPOLITAN CITY

FIRE BRIGADE BUILDING, WARD NO. 8

BIRATNAGAR SUB-METROPOLITAN CITY POKHARA SUB-METROPOLITAN CITY

Demonstrative Seismic Retrofitting works at MunicipalitiesMunicipalities

4. 5.

SHREE KRISHNA HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL, WARD NO. 8

Pushpa Lal Memorial Public Library Building

BIRENDRANAGAR MUNICIPALITY

y gHETAUDA MUNICIAPLITY

Various Trainings by ERRRP : 2009 M T i i P kh d Bi d N S b M t lit Cit• Mason Training – Pokhara and Birendra Nagar Sub-Metropolitan City

• NBC Training – Hetauda Municipality

• Supervisor Training - Training on earthquake resistant construction for supervisors : Dhangadhi Municiplity

S iti d / PEA P kh Bi t d H t d• Sensitized / PEA programme - Pokhara, Biratnagar and HetaudaMunicipalities

• “Public Awareness on Earthquake Safe Buildings, RecoveryPublic Awareness on Earthquake Safe Buildings, Recovery Preparedness, and Orientation on Municipal Profile / Land Use Practice in terms of Earthquake Risk and Vulnerability” - Birendra Nagar Municipality

• Training on “Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistance Design of Buildings using SAP 2000 computer program and Implementation of NBC – Biratnagar Sub-Metropolitan City

• Training on “Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings, Retrofitting and Recovery Preparedness” :- Pokhara

The Mason training program on “Earthquake Resistant Construction of Buildings” organized

Training Conducted on 16-19th. February, 2009 in Pokhara (40 masons were trained)

At Birendra Nagar Municipality (28-31 August, 2009) (32 Mason were trained)

Training for Supervisors on Earthquake Resistant Construction of Building

At Dh dhi (1st t 4th J 2009) 29 S i t i d)At Dhanagadhi (1st. to 4th. June, 2009): 29 Supervisors were trained)

At Dhanagadhi (1st. to 4th. June, 2009) :

Practical Exercise for the mason and supervisors during the training program

“Earthquake Resistance Building Model” Hand Over toEarthquake Resistance Building Model Hand Over to Birendranagar Municipality

Sensitization / PEA Program on Earthquake Risk Reduction and PreparednessAt Pokhara 14 th. March, 2009 for Engineers jointly with NEA: 76 Engineers Participated

At Biratnagar(1st. Nov. 2009): 92 No. Participated

At Hetauda (1st Dec 2009): 110 No ParticipatedAt Hetauda (1 . Dec. 2009): 110 No. Participated

Public Awareness on Earthquake Safe Buildings, Recovery Preparedness, and Orientation on Municipal Profile / Land Use Practice

in terms of Earthquake Risk and Vulnerability Birendra Nagar Municipality (2066 Bhadra 16th. / 1st. Sept. 2009) : 88 Participation

Training on Structural Analysis and Earthquake Resistance Design of Buildings using SAP 2000 computer program and Implementation of NBC

At Biratnagar (Nov 2009) -27 Engineers / Architects trainedAt Biratnagar (Nov. 2009) -27 Engineers / Architects trained

The training program on “Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings, Retrofitting and Recovery Preparedness” organized in Pokhara (19-22 July 2009) : 35 No of Engineers and Architects trained(19 22 July, 2009) : 35 No. of Engineers and Architects trained

The training program on “Vulnerability Assessment of Buildings, Retrofitting and Recovery Preparedness” organized in Pokhara

(19-22 July 2009)(19 22 July, 2009)

Nepal National Building Code (NBC) Training Program(27-30th. Nov 2009)

At H t d 33 E i / A hit t t i dAt Hetauda : 33 Engineers / Architects trained

ACHIVEMENTS: New Buildings in Birendra Nagar recently g g y: Application of NBC after UNDP/ERRRP trainings on

Mason and Building Code

ACHIVEMENTS: Hetauda Municipality is announcing implementation of NBC on ESD Day 2010Birendranagar, and Biratnagar municipalities are implementing Nepal National Building Code by 2010 onward after ERRRP Support.

UNDP/ERRRP Participation in Earthquake Safety Day-200915th. January 2009

UNDP/ ERRRP Participation in Earthquake Safety Day Exhibition 15th - 19th. January 2009

Thank you for your attention !y y

Please visit ERRRP – Nepal web site for more information

www.errrp.org.np