Infection Prevention & Control

An introduction for new clinical employees

Contact the CDHB IP&C Service

The aim of infection prevention & control is to prevent patients, staff and visitors from acquiring an infection while receiving healthcare.

Achieving the Aim

• Always use Standard Precautions

• Use Transmission-based Precautions appropriately

Hand Hygiene

All health care workers are required to undertake the self e-learning package which describes the 5

Moments for Hand Hygiene

Hand Hygiene is the single most important activity for preventing

the spread of infection

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

PPE Quiz – True or False

Transmission-based Precautions

(Isolation Precautions)

Contact Precautions

Used when in direct contact with patient or their environment

e.g. MRSA, infectious diarrhoea, scabies

Next Slide

Contact Precautions question

Which of the following diseases are NOT spread through contact?

MRSA

Scabies

Pulmonary TB

Clostridium difficile

Droplet Precautions

Used for diseases which generate large droplets which travel approx. 1 - 2m then fall to the floor

e.g. Influenza, Pertussis

Look how well a mask works

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Droplet Precautions scenario and question

• Mrs Jones has influenza and is being nursed in a single room.

• What personal protective equipment is required when inside her room?

You wear a surgical/procedural mask

Mrs Jones wears a surgical/procedural mask

You wear gloves and a gown/apron

Airborne Precautions

Used for diseases which are carried on small droplet nuclei suspended in the air e.g. Pulmonary TB, Chickenpox,Measles.

Learn how to fit test your N95 mask

Contact and Droplet

• This sign is used when a patient presents with signs and symptoms that are spread via Droplet and Contact.

• Use a combination of Contact and Droplet Precautions

E.g. Influenza with diarrhoea, Norovirus

Multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO)

• ESBL-producing enterobacteriaceae

• MRSA• Methicillin-resistant

Staphylococcus aureus

• VRE • Vancomycin-resistant E.

faecium & E. faecalis

• Other MDRO • Multi-drug resistant

Acinetobacter species

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CDHB ESBL Isolates 2003-2012

MDRO policy

MDRO screening

Placement of ESBL patients

• Assessment tool for placement of patient with Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase or ESBL

• Based on risk factors for spread

Cleaning & Disinfection

Cleaning & Disinfection Policies

Cleaning requires detergent wipes or a detergent solution

Disinfection requires use of a suitable disinfectant e.g. bleach solution or alcohol wipe

Cleaning must always come before disinfection

DynaMap

IV pump and stand

ECG machine and leads

Blood pressure cuff

Patient call bell

Stethoscope

Bed frame and mattress

Do you know how to clean patient equipment

when discharged?

Blood and Body Fluid Exposures

• Report all Blood Body Fluid Exposures (BBFE)

• BBFE packs are in all clinical areas

• Ensure your Hepatitis B immunisation is up-to-date

Achieving Infection Prevention….

• Always use Standard Precautions– Hand hygiene– Cough and sneeze etiquette– Personal protective equipment– Safe sharps practice

• Use Transmission-based Precautions appropriately