inemi printed rfid presentation

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Motorola Confidential Proprietary MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005 Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved Printing RFID Using Graphic Arts Printing Technologies Tim Collins Motorola Labs, Schaumburg, IL

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Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

Printing RFID Using Graphic Arts

Printing Technologies

Tim Collins

Motorola Labs, Schaumburg, IL

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

How RFID Works:

Reader powers tag

Tag responds with data

Reader sends data to host

HostReader

Tag

Data

All RFID Systems Utilize The Same Method of Communication

Power & Commands

.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

13 MHz Smart Card• Antenna typically 3-7

turns of copper• Discrete or on-board

resonant capacitor• Rigid construction• Pre-defined form-factor

UHF 900 MHz/2.4 GHz• High Q Resonant antenna• Easily attached to article• Propagation and Reflection

issues• Operates at far distance

Types of Tagsfrequency is related to distance

• Traditional 125kHz Inductive RFID

• Antenna typically ~120 turns of copper wire

• Typically use discrete resonant capacitor

• Rigid construction• Pre-defined form-factor

Capacitive 125 kHz-13MHz• No expensive coil• Flexible Form factor (very

robust, can bend and mutilate)• Easily attached to article• Low frequency doesn’t have

reflection issues• Works with Printed

Semiconductors

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

Supply Chain as a Function of Frequency

Graphic Arts Printed Transistors

Fit in well at Short distanceApplications

“ITEMS”

Operating FrequencykHz, MHz

Inventory Management

Perishable goods

Merchandising

Shrinkage

Transport

Operating FrequencykHz, MHz

Manufacture Distribution

Operating FrequencyUHF

Operating FrequencyUHF

RetailStore

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

Inductive Coupled RFID Tags(Multiple frequencies, absorption, cost)

• To achieve useful read range, a resonant LC tank circuit is required for inductive RFID tags.

• High circulating current flows in the LC tank circuit, and ITANK >> IIC.

• To avoid short range, resistive losses in the LC tank circuit (& its interconnections) must be low.

• Many turns of wire are required in the coil at low frequencies.

• Packaging cost of inductive RFID tags is high, limiting feasibility for low cost tagging applications.

RICCRESONANT

ITANK

IIC

COIL

INDUCTIVE/UHF TAG

IEXC

EXCITERCOIL

Near/FarFIELD

READER

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

Capactively Coupled RFID Tags(Wide bandwidth)

ELECTRIC FIELD

READER

RIC

IIC

Electrostatic TAGCAIR1

CAIR2

ExciterVoltage

• Electrostatic RFID systems operate on the principle of capacitive coupling.

• Electrostatic tags do not contain coils or capacitors – only the tag antennae and the IC.

• No resonant circuit - only IC current flows in the tag; which is low. Low current permits the use of more resistive materials in the antenna & interconnections.

• Packaging costs are significantly reduced in comparison with inductive RFID tags.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

Tech Inductive UHF Active SemiActive Capacitive

Antenna Metallic Metallic Metallic Metallic Carbon

Read Distance (typ.) <1 meter <3 meter 1-100 meters 1-20 <1 meter

Bend/fold/mutilate NO NO NO NO YES

Unique Antenna for YES YES YES YES NO1

Each product type

Shelf installation HARD HARD HARD HARD EASY2

Shelf Read Coverage Null Zones Null Zones N/A N/A Uniform

Custom Shelf antenna YES3 YES3 YES YES NO

1) antenna placement may be important, but antenna geometry can be constant2) low-cost printed antennas possible3) coupling/nulls strongly depend on materials/sizes

RFID Technology Differences

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

Capacitive Tags Are Based On Printed Carbon Ink Antenna

Tag

Ink application: flexo, screened, pad

or sprayed

inkIC chip

ink

PrintedIC

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

Printed Electronics - Today

• Printed circuitry– Screen– Stencil

• Printed solder interconnects– Screen– Stencil– Micro-dispensing– Jetting

• Microelectronics encapsulation and flux dispensing– Micro-dispensing– Jetting

Printed Flex Circuitry

Solder Interconnects

Encapsulation and Fluxing

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

Printed Electronics - Tomorrow

75 µm pixels PLED ©CDT

Konarka's flexible solar cellPrinted battery by

Power Paper

Photo courtesy E Ink

• Printed energy sources (Konarka, PowerPaper, Thin Battery Technology)

– Screen – Flexo – Litho

• Printed displays (Cambridge Display Technology, eInk/Toppan, Gyricon, DuPont/Sarnoff)

– Screen – Inkjet– Laser induced forward transfer

• Printed lighting (GE)– Screen

• Printed RFID antenna– Screen– Flexo– Litho

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

Printing Resolution:Printed Transistors Occur Below 20um

PRINTING

MICRO-ELECTRONICS

Features

20 μm

10 μm

500 nm

100 nm

Imaging Technology

Applications

Macro-Optics

Laser

UV

E-UV

Graphic Art Printing(printing for labels)

Microelectronics(printing for electronics)

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

Mobility can be low for 125 kHz Tags

Material

Amorphous SiliconInorganic-organic Organic (Small Molecule)Organic (Polymer)

Mobility

1 to 10 cm2/V·s5 cm2/V·s

0.61 cm2/V·s 0.1 cm2/V·s

)(2 20 thgs VV

Lf −=

πμ

Length=10 μm

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

Printed Transistor StructureFlexible Substrate• Plastic• Paper

G

Conductors• PTF conductors• Conductive polymers• Organo-metallics• Nanoparticle inks

Dielectrics• PTF dielectrics• Polymer• Oxides

S D

Actives• Organics• Inorganics

Active

SubstrateDielectric

Conductor

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

Printing Resolution

Printing resolution is affected by• Ink rheology – ink flow and wetting on the substrates• Ink particle size – random shorting channel, channel edge definition• Plate/screen resolution• System control and hardware capability• Process optimization

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

Materials and Equipment for Printing Electronics

Materials Electrical Properties Printing Technologies

PTF ConductorsSheet resistance

mΩ/sq

PTF Dielectrics Dielectric Const

Conductive PolymersConductivity

S/cm

Dielectric Polymers Dielectric Const

Organic ActivesMobilitycm2/V.s

Flexography

Lithography

Gravure

Screen Printing

Micro-dispensing

Jetting

Spin-coating

Printing technology vs. Printable materials

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

Printed 125 kHz Tag4-step Printing Process

3

12

4

Disruptive Design and Fabrication Process

GS D

Active LayerSubstrateDielectric

Electrodes Printing Station Replaces Wafer Fab

Processing technology and end-products are environmentally friendly

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

Moving from Research to Supply Chain Readiness

2500 ft roll

18” Diameter

Functional circuitry demonstrated at manufacturing speeds of 300ft/min on a 6 inch web platform and 7000sheets/hr on a 24 inch X 36 inch sheet-fed platform.

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005

Copyright© 2005 Motorola, Inc. All rights reserved

iNEMI can help….• Standards

– Tags (ISO, EPCglobal)– Device, circuit, and architecture standards

IEEE P1620, IEEE P1620.1, P1620.X– Printing related standards

Design rules and file formatIn-line testing platforms and quality control systemsPrinting platform Reliability